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PLC Lecture8

This document describes examples and applications of programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It provides an overview of what a PLC is and its main components. It also gives a brief history of PLCs and describes common PLC programming languages like ladder logic. Finally, it provides an example application using a PLC to automate a car washing process and includes a ladder logic diagram to program the process.

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44 views27 pages

PLC Lecture8

This document describes examples and applications of programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It provides an overview of what a PLC is and its main components. It also gives a brief history of PLCs and describes common PLC programming languages like ladder logic. Finally, it provides an example application using a PLC to automate a car washing process and includes a ladder logic diagram to program the process.

Uploaded by

Mohamed M
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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EXAMPLES AND

APPLICATIONS

Dr: Wael Soliman


OF PLC
Lecture 9
Programmable Logic
Controller
What’s PLC?

 PLC is a digital computer designed for multiple inputs and outputs arrangements, extended
temperature ranges, immunity to electrical noise, and resistance to vibration and impact. A
plc is an example of a real time system.
 The PLC receives information from connected sensors or input devices, processes the data,
and triggers outputs based on pre-programmed parameters.
Depending on the inputs and outputs, a PLC can monitor and record run-time data such as
machine productivity or operating temperature, automatically start and stop processes,
generate alarms if a machine malfunctions, and more. Programmable Logic Controllers are
a flexible and robust control solution, adaptable to almost any application.
History of plc

 PLC was introduced in late 1960’s


 First commercial and successful programmable logic controllers
was designed and developed by Modicon as a relay replacer for
general motors.
 Earlier, it was machine with thousands and electronic parts.
 Later, in 1970’s the microprocessor became reality and greatly
enhanced the role of PLC permitting it to evolve form simply relay
to the sophisticated system as it today.
Major Components of a common PLC
 Power supply:
provides the voltage needed to run the primary PLC components
 I/o Modules:
Provides signal conversion and isolation between the internal logic
level signals inside the plc and the field’s high level signal.
 Processor:
Provides intelligence to command and govern the activities of he
entire PLC system
 Programming Device:
Used to enter the desired program that will determine the sequence
of the operation and control of the process equipment or driven
machine.
Programming languages of PLC
 Ladder Logic
 Functional Block Diagram
 Sequential Function Chart
 Boolean mnemonics
Ladder Logic
 The ladder logic is the oldest programming language for plc
 It’s well suited to express combinational logic
 The main ladder logic symbols represent the elements
Example:
Automatic Car Washing using PLC

 Make a PLC Ladder diagram


for Automatic car
washing process using PLC
program in RSLOGIX 500
software.
Automatic Car Washing
Problem Solution
 Car entry sensor triggers the process and turns conveyor belt ON to move the car.
 Soapy water sprinkler turns ON when stage 1 sensor detects the car and do the
process for certain time.
 Brusher turns ON when stage 2 sensors detects the car and do the process for certain
time.
 Clean water sprinkler turns ON when stage 3 sensors detects the car and do the
process for certain time.
 Dryer turns ON when stage 4 sensors detects the car and do the process for certain
time.
 Car exit sensor triggers conveyor motor to turn off.
 Program done in Allen Bradley RSLogix 500 PLC Software.
Program Description
 The ladder logic of Automatic Car Washing Process using PLC Ladder
Diagram explanation as follows :
RUNG 0000
Latching rung to operate the system through Master Start and Stop PB.
RUNG 0001
Car entry sensor triggers the memory bit which will turn on conveyor motor
RUNG 0002
ON/OFF operation of conveyor motor is happening in this rung using various
conditions like Sensor input and timer done output.
Rung 0003 & 0004
When car reached stage 1 sensor conveyor motor should stop and water sprinkler should
ON for 10 sec.
At the end of water sprinkler timer, Conveyor will again ON because of the parallel contact
in rung 0002.
Rung 0004 & 0005
When car reached stage 2 sensor conveyor motor should stop and brusher should ON for 10
sec.
At the end of  brushing process, Conveyor will again ON because of the parallel contact in
rung 0002.
Rung 0007 & 0008
When car reached stage 3 sensor conveyor motor should stop and water sprinkler should
ON for 10 sec.
At the end of water sprinkler timer, Conveyor will again ON because of the parallel contact
in rung 0002.
Rung 0009 & 0010
When car reached stage 4 sensor conveyor motor should stop and water
sprinkler should ON for 10 sec.
At the end of water sprinkler timer, Conveyor will again ON because of the
parallel contact in rung 0002.
Rung 0011
When car reached exit ,car exit sensor will trigger the car wash done
indication lamp(O:0/7)
Conclusion :

 The above explained automatic car wash using PLC is for example
only. It may vary from real time.

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