SMART HELMET

A smart helmet is a special idea which makes motorcycle

driving safer than before. This is implemented using Arduino.
The working of this smart helmet using Arduino is very
simple, we place vibration sensors in different places of helmet
where the probability of hitting is more which are connected to
Arduino board. So when the rider crashes and the helmet hits
the ground, the sensors sense and the Arduino extract GPS data
using the GPS module that is interfaced with Arduino. When
the data exceeds minimum stress limit then GSM module
automatically sends message to ambulance or police or family
members. Also the vehicle doesn’t start if lock is not in place
and alcohol sensor value is at permissible limits.
Platform Used

Hardware: Arduino board, Bluetooth module,

vibration sensors, mobile phone with Bluetooth.
Software: Arduino IDE
Block Diagram
Background
The thought of developing this project comes from social responsibility towards the society.
As we can see many accidents occurring around us, there is a lot of loss of life. According
to a survey of India there are around 698 accidents occurring due to bike crashes per year.
The reasons for the accidents may be many such as no proper driving knowledge, no fitness
of the bike, rash driving, drink and drive etc. In some cases the person injured the accident
may not be directly responsible for the accident, it may be fault of some other rider, but end
of the day it’s both the drivers involved in the accidents who is going to suffer.
If accidents are one issue, lack of treatment in proper time is another reason for deaths.
According to the same survey if 698 accidents occur per year, nearly half the injured people
die due to lack of treatment in proper time. The reasons for this may again be many such as
late arrival of ambulance, no person at place of accident to give information to the
ambulance. This is what is running situation in our day to day life, a thought of finding
some solution to this problem come up with this idea of giving the information about
accident as soon as possible and in TIME….!!!!Because after all time matters a lot, if
everything is done in time, at least we can save half the lives that are lost due to bike
accidents. So, a thought from taking responsibility of society came our project “SMART
HELMET USING ARDUINO”
Vibration Sensor
 The Minisense 100is a low-cost cantilever-type vibration
sensor loaded by a mass to offer high sensitivity at low
frequencies.
 The pins are designed for easy installation and are
solderable. Horizontal and vertical mounting options are
offered as well as a reduced height version. The active
sensor area is shielded for improved RFI/EMI rejection.
 Rugged, flexible PVDF sensing element withstands high
shock overload. Sensor has excellent linearity and dynamic
range, and may be used for detecting either continuous
vibration or impacts.
Alcohol Sensor
The MQ-3 gas sensor requires a heating element to identify Alcohol correctly.
However, placing a heating element near Alcohol might be dangerous. Thus the
Sensor is built with an anti-explosion network comprised of two thin layers of
stainless steel mesh, as seen in the figure below. This stainless steel mesh contains
a heating element.
MQ gas sensors are a type of sensor that can
detect a broad range of gases, including
alcohol, smoke, methane, LPG, hydrogen, NH3,
Benzene, and Propane, among others. These
sensors are constructed consisting of an electrode
that has been covered with a sensing material
which is heated to increase its reactivity and sensitivity.
Lock Sensor
 The Hall effect sensor is a solid-state device that can detect
magnetic fields, and it is one alternative to the reed switch. Hall
effects are certainly appropriate for some applications, but reed
switches feature superior electrical isolation to their solid-state
counterpart, and they face less electrical resistance due to closed
contacts. Additionally, reed switches can work with a variety of
voltages, loads and frequencies, as the switch functions simply
as a connected or disconnected wire. Alternatively, you’ll need
supporting circuitry to enable Hall sensors to do their job.
 Lock Sensor uses this principle of magnetic field activated
switch to check the open/close state of helmet lock. On one side
of the lock a magnet is placed and on the other end, reed sensor
GPS Module
The FGPMMOPA6B is an ultra-compact POT (Patch On Top)
GPS Module. This POT GPS receiver provides a solution that is
high in position and speed accuracy performances, with high
sensitivity and tracking capabilities in urban conditions.
The GPS chipset inside the module is powered by Media-Tek
Inc., the world's leading digital media solution provider and the
largest fabless IC company in Taiwan. The module can support
up to 66 channels, and is designed for small-form factor device.
It is suitable for every GPS-related application, such as: Fleet
Management/Asset Tracking LBS (location base service) and
AVL system Security system Hand-held device for personal
positioning and travel navigation
GSM Modem
GSM/GPRS TTL –Modem is built with SIMCOM Make SIM900 Quad-band
GSM/GPRS engine, works on frequencies 850 MHz, 900 MHz, 1800 MHz and
1900 MHz It is very compact in size and easy to use as plug in GSM Modem.
The Modem is designed with 3V3/5V TTL interfacing circuitry, which allows you
to directly interface to 5V microcontrollers( PIC, Arduino, AVR etc.)as well as 3V3
Microcontrollers ( ARM,ARM Cortex XX, etc) .The baud rate can be configurable
from9600-115200 through AT command. Initially Modem is in Auto baud mode.
This GSM/GPRS TTL Modem is having internal TCP/IP stack to enable you to
connect with internet via GPRS.
It is suitable for SMS as well as DATA transfer application in M2M interface. The
modem needed only two wires (Tx, Rx) except Power supply to interface with
microcontroller/Host. The built in Low Dropout Linear voltage regulator allows
you to connect wide range of unregulated power supply (4.2V -13V). Yes, 5 V is in
between !! .Using this modem, you will be able to send& Read SMS, connect to
internet via GPRS through simple AT commands.
Conclusion
As the concluding part of this project, I would like to say
that-- "Without proper action at proper time, danger
awaits us with a bigger face." We must act on time when
a person is injured. We must take care of person the way
it is meant. otherwise, a valuable life might be lost.
We need to understand how precious lives of people are
and what importance first-aid carries in saving these
precious lives. If this project imparts this idea in even
one person, I would think that the project will be
successful.