DECENTRALIZED

VOTING APP
USING
BLOCKCHAIN

Supervised by- Dr. Urvashi garg.

• Sehaj Singh UID-22BCS15520
• Harsh Gautam UID-22BCS14231
• Abhishek UID-22BCS15126
• Dhruv Sharma UID-22BCS13922
• Udit Sharma UID-22BCS12728
Problem statement-

The need for a decentralized voting app arises from

the limitations of traditional voting systems. Centralized
voting systems are prone to fraud, manipulation,
and hacking, which can compromise the integrity of
the voting process and the outcome. Decentralized
voting apps, on the other hand, leverage the power of
block chain technology to provide a more secure,
transparent, and democratic voting system.
 
 Decentralized voting apps have the potential to address
several key issues related to traditional voting systems, such as
transparency, security, and accessibility. Here are a few reasons
why decentralized voting apps may be needed:

• Transparency: Decentralized voting apps can provide a higher

level of transparency compared to traditional voting systems. With
a decentralized system, all transactions are recorded on a public
blockchain, which ensures that the voting process is
transparent and tamper-proof.

• Security: Decentralized voting apps can offer increased security

by leveraging cryptographic algorithms and decentralized
consensus protocols. This makes it much more difficult for bad
actors to manipulate or interfere with the voting process.
• Accessibility: Decentralized voting apps can
make voting more accessible for people who are unable
to participate in traditional voting systems, such as
those who to a polling station.

• Trust: Decentralized voting apps can help to build trust

in the voting process by providing a verifiable and
auditable record of all votes. This can help to prevent
disputes and challenges to the outcome of an
election.
HISTORY OF VOTING

• Ballot paper:- A ballot paper is actually a device meant for

casting votes in an election, and maybe a piece of paper
or a small ball used in secret voting.

• EVM(ELECTRONIC VOTING MACHINE):- The Indian

electronic voting machine (EVM) were developed in 1989 by
Election Commission of India in collaboration with Bharat
Electronics Limited and Electronics Corporation of India
Limited. The Industrial designers of the EVMs were faculty
members at the Industrial Design Centre, IIT Bombay.
1. Designing a decentralized voting app requires careful consideration of several factors,
including security, transparency, usability, and scalability. Here are some key steps and
considerations that can help you develop a robust methodology for creating a decentralized
voting app:
2. Determine the type of decentralized network: You need to decide on the type of
decentralized network that your voting app will use. Popular options include blockchain-
based networks like Ethereum, Cardano, or peer-to-peer networks like IPFS. Each network
has its strengths and weaknesses
3. Develop a consensus mechanism: A consensus mechanism is a critical component of
any decentralized voting app, as it ensures that all participants agree on the outcome of the
vote. There are several types of consensus mechanisms, including proof of work, proof of
stake, and delegated proof of stake.
4. Design a user-friendly interface: A decentralized voting app should have a user-friendly
interface that makes it easy for users to cast their votes. Consider designing an intuitive,
simple, and accessible interface that can be used by people of all ages and technical abilities.
5. Ensure data security and privacy: Security and privacy are critical for a
voting app. You need to ensure that data is protected from unauthorized
access and manipulation. You can use cryptographic techniques like
encryption, digital signatures, and zero-knowledge proofs to ensure data
security and privacy.
6. Conduct testing and auditing: Before launching your decentralized voting
app, you should conduct rigorous testing and auditing to identify and fix any
bugs or vulnerabilities. You can also consider engaging third-party security
auditors to help you identify potential security risks.
7. Deploy and maintain the app: Once you have developed and tested your
decentralized voting app, you can deploy it to the chosen decentralized
network. Ensure that you have a plan for maintaining the app and providing
ongoing support to users.
In summary, developing a decentralized voting app requires careful
consideration of several factors, including network type, consensus mechanism,
user interface, data security, testing, and maintenance. By following a robust
methodology that addresses each of these factors, you can create a secure,
transparent, and user-friendly decentralized voting app.
TIMELINE
Related literature review…
• “A study on electronic voting system using private block chain(2020)” by C.-H.
Roh and I.-Y. Lee: Chang-Hyun Roh and Im-Yeong Lee[1] has proposed e-voting system to
solve the problem of single point failure since the administrator is given full authority. the
contents of the ballot could be forged or tampered by a single point of failure.it uses
algorithms like proof-of-work, proof of-stake, and delegated proof-of-stake (DPoS).the main
advantage of this e voting system is that it uses algorithm that provides more security by
encrypting the transaction.

• “Digital voting: A blockchain- based e-voting system using bio-hash and smart
contract,” (2020)by -Tasmia Alvi et. al. [2] Tasmia Alvi, Mohammed Nasir Ud- din and
Linta Islam has proposed the e-voting using bio-hash and smart contract . A fascinating topic
in the current voting system is the modification of voting globally the advantage is that it uses
smart contract where it performs the authentication process of voter and plays a role in
selecting a Miner in the Blockchain to reduce the computational cost . the disadvantage of the
it lacks the encryption technique.

• “A secure end-to-end verifiable internet-voting system using identity-based

blind signature”(2020)Mahender Kumar et. al. [3] Mahender Kumar, Satish Chand and
C. P. Katthas proposed the voting system using Identity- Based Blind Signature the advantage
of using this is that it ensures end to end security , mobility to a voter The privacy of the
system is achieved using elliptic curve discrete logarithm and gap Diffie– Hellman
assumptions.
• “A comparitive analysis on e-voting system using block
chain(2019) ” Garg et. al. [4] garg and her team has proposed Decentralized
System, drifting towards making Voting Process simple, secure and anonymity.
the proposed system have simple authentication based on id and disadvantage
is that it is not practically implemented

•“A conceptual secure block chain-based electronic voting

system(2017)”Ahmed Ben Ayed [5] ahmed ben has proposed a conceptual
secure blockchain based e-voting system focused on the technical and legal
issues but there are many limitations like they assumed that all voters will use
secured service. but still the security vulnerabilities exists . its advantage is that
it uses decentralized system which can we voted by connecting through
internet

•“A proposal of block chain-based electronic voting system(2018)”

Cosmas Krisna Adiputra et. al. [6] The decentralized blockchain-based
electronic voting system that Cosmas Krishna Adiputra and his team presented
has excellent availability thanks to it’s distributed architecture. Here, they used
an electronic voting method that used double envelope encryption . Both user
anonymity and work proof are missing from this research.
• “A secure approach for web based internet voting system using
multiple encryption(2014)”Jambhulkar et. al. [7] Prof. S.M. Jambhulkar
and his team has proposed Web Based Internet Voting System using Multiple
Encryption. it uses mainly the concept of multiple encryption and decryption.
provide security from attacks, when vote is travelling from include security
threats from passive as well as active intruder. disadvantage is that there is no
bio metric authentication in the system they use id based login

•“An efficient and secure mobile phone voting system(2013)”Mohib

Ullah et. al. [8] ullah and his team has proposed an e-voting system based on
hybrid cryptosystem. the advantage of this system is use of SMS of verification
of vote . which gives added security feature for the voting system.

•“Block chain-based e-voting system using proof of voting (pov)

consensus algorithm(2020)” srinivas et. al. [10] srinivas and his team have
proposed e- voting using and proof of vote consensus algorithm. they used
smart contract and proof of vote consensus algorithm to secure vote and
maintain anonymity of the voter . other features like byzantine failure also used
to make prov more efficient.
• The objective of the Decentralized Voting App project would
involve the development of a software application that
utilizes block chain technology and smart contracts to
automate the voting process. The app would need to be
user-friendly, secure, and compatible with a range of
devices and operating systems. The project would also
involve the development of a robust testing and
verification process to ensure the integrity and
security of the voting system. Finally, the project would
involve the implementation of appropriate governance
structures to ensure the appon going maintenance and
evolution.
Solution

• Identity Verification: One of the biggest challenges

in decentralized voting is ensuring that each voter is a
unique individual and not a bot or an imposter. A
possible solution is to use a combination of biometric
identification and blockchain technology. For
example, the voter's identity could be verified using
fingerprint or facial recognition technology and then
linked to their public key on the blockchain.

• Privacy Protection: Another challenge is protecting

the privacy of the voter. In a decentralized voting app,
the user's vote is publicly recorded on the blockchain.
To ensure privacy, the vote could be encrypted using a
secure algorithm and only decrypted by authorized
parties after the voting process is complete.
• Vote Tampering: Another challenge is preventing vote
tampering. One solution is to use a distributed ledger
technology like blockchain, which makes it virtually
impossible to alter or delete votes once they have been
recorded.
• Voter Education: Finally, it is important to educate voters
on how to use the decentralized voting app and how to verify
that their vote was accurately recorded. This could include
providing clear instructions and offering a way to verify the
vote count after the voting process is complete.

Overall, decentralized voting apps offer a promising

solution to the challenges of traditional voting
systems. By using blockchain technology and other
security measures, it is possible to create a
transparent and secure system that protects voter
privacy and ensures the accuracy of the results.
TECHNICAL GAP

Scalability: One of the most significant challenges facing block

chain-based voting systems is scalability. Block chain technology
can be slow and cumbersome, which may make it difficult to process
a large number of votes quickly

Security:The system must be designed to prevent tampering, hacking,

or other malicious activities that may compromise the integrity of the
voting process.
Blockchain Infrastructure :-Developing a decentralized voting
app using blockchain technology requires a robust blockchain
infrastructure, which can be challenging to build and maintain.

Voter Verification: Ensuring the identity of voters in a

decentralized voting app can be challenging, and if not done
correctly, it can result in fraud or voter impersonation.
EXPECTED OUTCOMES:-
1.Increased transparency: Decentralized voting apps can provide greater
transparency in the election process by making the results of the vote
publicly visible on the blockchain. This allows anyone to verify the
outcome of the vote, eliminating concerns about tampering and fraud.
2.Improved security: Decentralized voting apps can be more secure than
traditional voting methods because they use cryptographic techniques to
protect the integrity of the vote. The use of decentralized networks makes it
difficult for any individual or group to manipulate the vote results.
3.Greater accessibility: Decentralized voting apps can make voting more
accessible to a wider range of people by allowing them to vote from
anywhere in the world with an internet connection. This can improve voter
turnout, particularly among young people and those living in remote areas.
4. Lower costs: Decentralized voting apps can be more cost-
effective than traditional voting methods because they
eliminate the need for physical polling stations, ballot printing,
and manual vote counting. This can reduce the cost of running
an election significantly.

5. Faster results: Decentralized voting apps can provide faster

results than traditional voting methods because they eliminate
the need for manual vote counting. This can reduce the time it
takes to announce the results of the election.
CONCLUSION AND RESULT

The goal of this research is to analyze and evaluate

current research on block chain-based electronic
voting systems. The article discusses recent electronic
voting research using block chain technology. The
block chain concept and its uses are presented first,
followed by existing electronic voting systems. Then, a
set of deficiencies in existing electronic voting systems
are identified and addressed. The block chain’s
potential is fundamental to enhance electronic voting,
current solutions for block chain-based electronic
voting, and possible research paths on block chain-
based electronic voting systems. Numerous experts
believe that block chain may be a good fit for a
decentralized electronic voting system
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