Unit Five: Incorporate object and chart in

spreadsheet
This unit is developed to provide you the
necessary information regarding the following
content coverage and topics:
Import an object into an active spreadsheet
Import Manipulate object by using formatting
features
Create a chart using select data in the spreadsheet
Display selected data in a different chart
Modify chart using formatting features.
06/10/2023 1
 5.1. Import an object into an active spreadsheet
5.1.1. Import Data into spreadsheet
 Excel can import data from external data sources
including other files, databases, or web pages.
1. Click the Data tab on the Ribbon.
2. Click the Get Data button.
 Some data sources may require special security
access, and the connection process can often be
very complex. Enlist the help of your
organization’s technical support staff for
assistance.
3. Select from File.
4. Select from Text/CSV.
06/10/2023 2
 If you have data to import from Access, the web, or another
source, select one of those options in the Get External Data
group instead.
5. Select the file you want to import.
6. Click Import. 3
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 If, while importing external data, a security notice
appears saying that it is connecting to an external
source that may not be safe, click OK.

06/10/2023 4
7. Verify the preview looks correct.
Because we have specified the data is separated
by commas, the delimiter is already set.
If you need to change it, it can be done from this
menu.
8. Click Load.

06/10/2023 5
 5.2.Import Manipulate object by using formatting features
5.2.1. Basic data manipulation techniques in Excel
Data analysis is a challenging task, especially if you don't have
the data manipulation skills.
The power of these techniques will be demonstrated by using
some real-life examples.
The 9 common data manipulations techniques discussed are:
1) Filtering
2) Sorting
3) Grouping
4) Pivoting
5) Transposing
6) Changing Data Types
7) Adding Columns and Rows
8) Naming Columns or Rows
9) Inserting Columns or Rows. 6
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 1. Filtering
Filtering is a process of sorting data by a certain criterion.
It's an effective way to identify subsets of data from the
larger dataset.

06/10/2023 7
2. Sorting
Sorting is another technique of data analysis and is used
to rearrange the order of your data. It's an easy way of
exploring and understanding your data.
For example, let's say you had a list of 5 different
numbers: 1, 10, 2, 3, 4
If we wanted to sort this list in ascending order (from
lowest to highest), we would click on the column
heading for this list and then select "Sort Ascending".
This will arrange the list like this: 1, 2, 3, 4, 10. For
"sort descending" :10,4, 3, 2, 1.

06/10/2023 8
 3. Grouping
Grouping is an excellent way to analyze your data.
Grouping is when you organize data into smaller sets.
You can use this technique to make it easier to analyze the
relationships in your data like quantifying averages, totals, and
percentages.
Grouping makes it easy for you to identify patterns in your data.
For example, if you wanted to know how many people are in
each age group (20-25, 26-30 etc.), then you can group that
information by age group and then count the number of people
in each one.
The best thing about grouping is that it helps you quickly
identify relationships in your data set because it shows you which
items are grouped together.
This means that if there's a trend between two different groups of
data, then grouping will be able to show you this connection.

9
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 4. Pivoting
 Pivoting data involves taking a table and turning it on its
side to show a different perspective.
For example, let's say you have a list of monthly
income brackets and want to see the monthly income
distribution for each bracket.
You can do this by pivoting your table from column to
column.
 In our example, we would start with one column containing
all of the monthly income brackets.
 In the next column, we would add a pivot table that
contains the percentages for each income bracket.
 Pivoting is very helpful in filtering out irrelevant data so
you can focus on the important information.
 If you have a huge dataset, extracting relevant information
can be time-consuming without using pivots.
10
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 5. Transposing
 Data can be transposed by using the TRANSPOSE
function in Excel.
 It is a very efficient way to take any data, for
example: 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 and turn it into
this: 1 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
 This is helpful when you want to switch rows and
columns or swap columns or rows with each other.
6. Changing Data Types
 One thing that might be useful to know is how
changing data types can affect your data analysis.
 Two different types of data are text and number.
 Text data is any kind of information that isn't
numerical. 11
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 For example, a person's name or the title of a book.
 Numberic data will always be numerically based and may only
have numbers in them, such as 3.1, 4.9, and so on.
 If you want to change the type of your data from one type to
another, you will need to use the function Data→Data
Type→Text or Number.
 Changing Data Types
 Once you select this command, the "Select Data Type"
window will appear.
 There are three general categories of data:
 Text Data only;
 Numeric Data only; and
 Mixed Data (text and numeric).
 You can further refine your selection by selecting one or more
options from each of these categories: Text; Numeric; Date &
Time; Logical; and Object Linking & Embedding
12
 7. Adding Columns and Rows
 Adding columns or rows to your data is a great way to make
your work more efficient.
 For instance, if you were working with a table of data on
different subjects and wanted to look at their answers in
relation to each other, it would be more convenient for you
(and the people you're sharing the data with) if you had both
answers in one column.
 Naming Columns and Rows
 To name columns and rows in Excel, first select the cells
that need naming.
 Then go to Data > Data Tools > Name Columns and Rows
and type the name of the first cell into the first dialogue
box.
 Continue typing or clicking until all of your cells are named.
13
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8. Naming Columns or Rows
Every column and row in a spreadsheet has a
default name, but these names can be changed.
This is helpful when you're summarizing data and
want to apply the same column or row title
consistently.
To rename a column, right-click on any cell in that
column and select "column name."
Type in the new name and press enter.
To rename a row, right-click on any cell in that
row and select "Row Labels."
Type in the new name and press enter.

06/10/2023 14
9. Inserting Columns or Rows
One of the simplest data manipulation techniques in
Excel is inserting columns or rows.
This technique lets you analyze your data with more
clarity and precision by adding more columns or rows to
your spreadsheet.
It can be used to show different aspects of your data, such
as different years, regions, products etc.
Two examples where this technique can be used are:
1. You want to compare different years for a specific
region.
2. You want to look at how a product performs across
different regions.
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 5.3. Create a chart using select data in the spreadsheet
5.3.1. Create a chart from start to finish
 Charts help you visualize your data in a way that creates
maximum impact on your audience.
Create a chart
1. Select data for the chart.
2. Select Insert > Recommended Charts.
3. Select a chart on the Recommended Charts tab, to preview the
chart.
Note: You can select the data you want in the chart and press
ALT + F1 to create a chart immediately, but it might not be
the best chart for the data.
If you don’t see a chart you like, select the All Charts tab to
see all chart types.
4. Select a chart.
5. Select OK.
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Add a trend line
1. Select a chart.
2. Select Design > Add Chart Element.
3. Select Trend line and then select the type of trend line
you want, such as Linear, Exponential, Linear
Forecast, or Moving Average.

06/10/2023 17
 5.4. Display selected data in a different chart
There are three basic principles of Microsoft excel data display.
1. Show the Data
 People read will read the graphs in your report, article, or
blog post to better understand your argument.
 The data are the most important part of the graph and
should be presented in the clearest way possible.
 But that does not mean that all of the data must be shown
indeed, many graphs show too much.
2. Reduce the Clutter
 Cart clutter, the use of unnecessary or distracting visual
elements, tends to reduce effectiveness of the graph.
 Clutter comes in many forms: dark or heavy gridlines;
unnecessary tick marks, labels, or text; unnecessary icons
or pictures; ornamental shading and gradients; and
unnecessary dimensions. 18
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 3. Integrate the Text and the Graph
As a first, simple step, legends that define or explain a series on
a graph are often placed far away from the content off to the
right or below the graph.
Integrated legends either right below the title or directly on
the chart are more accessible.
To display and hide chart elements
1. Click the chart, and then click the Chart Elements button
(labeled with a plus sign) that appears in the upper-right corner
of the chart.
 In the Chart Elements pane, select the check boxes of the
elements you want to display, and clear the check boxes of
the elements you want to hide.
2. On the Design tool tab, in the Chart Layouts group, click Add
Chart Element, click the element type, and then click the
specific element you want to display or hide.
3. On the Design tool tab, in the Chart Layouts group, click
Quick Layout, and then click the combination of elements you
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want to display 19
 5.5.1. Modifying charts
Once your chart appears in Excel, there are many ways to modify
the way it looks and its location.
A few ways are described below, but explore to find more! In all
cases, you have to select the chart first to access Chart Tools.
 To add any labels (for example, the title or axes), under the
Design ribbon, click Add Chart Element in the Chart Layouts
06/10/2023 group and select the desired label. 20
  To change the chart type, data, or location, use the Chart Tools Design
ribbon.

From the Chart Tools Format ribbon, you can select an

element on the chart (for example, a series), then choose the
Format Selection icon in the Current Selection group.
With the Formatting Task pane, you can change the
shape, style and color. 21
06/10/2023
 Unit Six: Create database
This unit to provide you the necessary information
regarding the following content coverage and topics:
Open a database application and basic design
principles
Develop a table with fields and attributes
Create a primary key
Modify table layout and field attributes
Create a relationship between the two tables
Add and modify data in a table
Add and delete records
Save and close down database to storage area

22
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 6.1. Open a database application and basic design principles
6.1.1. The Database Design Principles
Usability:
Any information which we are storing in any organization should
be meaningful for that organization.
If we are storing those factors which are actually not fit with
organization’s requirement, then this is just waste of resources.
Extensibility:
As we know that everyday new business requirements come up
and every day there is a need to change or enhance information
system to capture new requirements
Data Integrity:
Now at this point we understand that information is very much
important for any organization.
Based on the historic information, every organization makes
different strategies, decisions for growth.
23
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 Entity Integrity:
Involves the structure (primary key and its attributes) of
the entity.
Domain Integrity:
It defines that data should be of correct type and we
should handle optional data in correct way.
Referential Integrity:
This defines if any entity is dependent on another one
then parent entity should be there in the system and
should be uniquely identifiable.
We can do this by implementing foreign keys.
User defined integrity:
There are few business rules which we cannot validate
just by primary keys, foreign keys etc.
There has to be some mechanism so that we can
validate complex rules for integrity.
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We can implement these rules in following ways: 24
 Performance:
As we know that information should be readily available as
requested.
Performance of the system should be up to the mark.
Availability:
The availability of information refers to the information’s
accessibility when required regarding uptime, locations, and
the availability of the data for future analysis.
Disaster recovery, redundancy, archiving, and network
delivery all affect availability.
Security:
For any organizational asset, the level of security must be
secured depending on its value and sensitivity.
Sometime organizations has suffered a lot because of data
leaks which results in loss of faith and tends to business risk.
So security is one of the most important aspect of good
database design.

06/10/2023 25
 6.2. Develop a table with fields and attributes
6.2.1. Create a table and add fields
When you create an Access database, you store your data in
tables subject-based lists that contain rows and columns.
For instance, you can create a Contacts table to store a list of
names, addresses, and telephone numbers, or a Products table to
store information about products.
This article explains how to create a table, add fields to a table,
set a table's primary key, and how to set field and table
properties.
Before you create tables and add fields, make sure you
understand the background concepts Creating a table.
A simple database, such as a contact list, might use only a
single table.
Many databases, however, use several tables.
When you create a new database, you create a new file on
your computer that acts as a container for all of the objects in
06/10/2023your database, including your tables. 26
 You can create a table by creating a new database, by inserting a
table into an existing database, or by importing or linking to a
table from another data source — such as a
Microsoft Excel workbook, a Microsoft Word document, a text
file, or another database.
When you create a new, blank database, a new, empty table is
automatically inserted for you.
You can then enter data in the table to start defining your
fields.
Designing a table involves:
Entering unique names of the columns of the table in the
―field name” column of the design view. N
Names of fields and objects in Microsoft Access can be up to
64characters long.
They can include any combination of letters, numbers, spaces,
and special characters except a period (.), an exclamation point
(!), an accent grave (`), and brackets ([ ]).
They also can't begin with leading spaces
06/10/2023 27
 6.2.2. Create a new table in a new database
1. Click File > New, and then select Blank desktop database.
2. In the File Name box, type a file name for the new database.
3. To browse to a different location and save the database, click
the folder icon.
4. Click Create.
The new database opens, and a new table named Table1 is created
and opens in Datasheet view.
6.2.3. Create a new table in an existing database
Click File > Open, and click the database if it is listed under
Recent.
If not, select one of the browse options to locate the database.
1. In the Open dialog box, select the database that you want
to open, and then click Open.
2. On the Create tab, in the Tables group, click Table.
3. A new table is inserted in the database and the table
opens in Datasheet view.
28
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 6.3. Create a primary key and establish an index for
each table
When you create a Microsoft Access table, Access
will automatically create a primary key to your
database table, but you can also specify the field you
want as the primary key for your database table.
The Primary key in Microsoft Access is a field or set
of fields with unique values throughout the table.
The primary key offers several characteristics, such
as it uniquely identifies each row in the database,
It always contains a value,
it is never empty, and
the value contains never change.

06/10/2023 29
Primary key
A table can have only one primary key.
A primary key is used to identify each record that
you store in the table.
It will not allow a duplication of the Primary Key
thus make it unique.
Primary Key is the unique identification of one
record.
There is a uniquely identification number, such as
ID number
A serial number
A code that serves as a primary key

06/10/2023 30
Add a primary key to a table
Create a primary key to associate data between
multiple tables.
1. In the Navigation Pane, right click a table, and select
Design View.
2. Select the field or fields you want to use as the
primary key.
3. Select Design > Primary Key.
 primary key to a table
6.4. Modify table layout and field attributes

06/10/2023 31
 6.5. Create a relationship between the two tables
 Types of Database Relationships
One-to-one relationships: occur when each entry in
the first table has one, and only one, counterpart in the
second table.
One-to-many relationships: Is the most common type
of database relationship. .
Many-to-many relationships: occur when each record
in the first table corresponds to one or more records in
the second table and each record in the second table
corresponds to one or more records in the first table.
 ER Diagrams (Entity Relationship Diagrams)
An Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) is a visual
representation of different data using conventions
that describe how these data are related to each other.
06/10/2023 32
 For example, the elements writer, novel, and consumer may
be described using ER diagrams this way:

ER diagram with basic objects

In the diagram, the elements inside rectangles are
called entities while the items inside diamonds denote
the relationships between entities.
This ER diagram tutorial for beginners covers most things
related to ER diagram, for quick navigation use the links
below.
ER Diagram Usage
ER Diagrams Symbols and Notations
06/10/2023 33
  How to Draw ER Diagrams
 ER Diagram Templates
 Benefits of ER Diagrams
ER Diagrams Usage
ER diagrams are most often associated with complex
databases that are used in software engineering and IT
networks.
In particular, ER diagrams are frequently used during the
design stage of a development process in order to identify
different system elements and their relationships with each
other.
For example, inventory software used in a retail shop will
have a database that monitors elements such as purchases,
item, item type, item source and item price.
Rendering this information through an ER diagram
would be something like this:
34
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ER diagram example with entity having attributes
In the diagram, the information inside the oval shapes
is attributes of a particular entity.

06/10/2023 35
  ER Diagram Symbols and Notations

Elements in ER diagrams
There are three basic elements in an ER Diagram:
1. Entity
2. Attribute
3. Relationship
There are more elements which are based on the main elements.
 Weak entity
 Multivalve attribute  Derived attribute
 Weak relationship and  Recursive relationship.
06/10/2023 36
  Cardinality and ordinarily are two other notations used in ER
diagrams to further define relationships.
 Entity
 An entity can be a person, place, event, or object that is relevant to
a given system.
 For example, a school system may include students, teachers,
major courses, subjects, fees, and other items.
 Entities are represented in ER diagrams by a rectangle and named
using singular nouns.
 Weak Entity
 A weak entity is an entity that depends on the existence of another
entity.
 In more technical terms it can defined as an entity that cannot be
identified by its own attributes.
 It uses a foreign key combined with its attributed to form the
primary key.
 An entity like order item is a good example for this. The order
item will be meaningless without an order so it depends on the
existence of order.

06/10/2023 37
 Weak Entity Example in ER diagrams
 Attribute
 An attribute is a property, trait, or characteristic of an
entity, relationship, or another attribute.
 For example, the attribute Inventory Item Name is an
attribute of the entity Inventory Item. An entity can
have as many attributes as necessary.
 Meanwhile, attributes can also have their own
specific attributes.
 For example, the attribute ―customer address‖ can
have the attributes number, street, city, and state.
 These are called composite attributes.
 Note that some top level ER diagrams do not show
attributes for the sake of simplicity.
 In those that do, however, attributes are represented
by oval shapes.
06/10/2023 38
 Attributes in ER diagrams, note that an attribute can have
its own attributes (composite attribute)
Multivalued Attribute
If an attribute can have more than one value it is called
a multivalued attribute.
It is important to note that this is different to an
attribute having its own attributes.
For example, a teacher entity can have multiple subject
values.

06/10/2023 39
 Example of a multivalued attribute Derived Attribute
 An attribute based on another attribute.
 This is found rarely in ER diagrams.
 For example, for a circle the area can be derived from
the radius.

Derived Attribute in ER diagrams

Relationship
A relationship describes how entities interact.
For example, the entity―carpenter‖ may be related to the
entity―table‖ by the relationship ―builds‖ or ―makes‖.
Relationships are represented by diamond shapes and are
labeled using verbs.
40
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 Carpenter Makes Table

Using Relationships in Entity Relationship Diagrams

Recursive Relationship
If the same entity participates more than once in a
relationship it is known as a recursive relationship.
In the below example an employee can be a supervisor and be
supervised, so there is a recursive relationship.

Supervision

Employee

Example of a recursive relationship in ER

06/10/2023 41
diagrams
 Cardinality and Ordinarily
These two further defines relationships between entities by
placing the relationship in the context of numbers.
In an email system, for example, one account can have
multiple contacts.
The relationship in this case follows a ―one to many‖
model.
There are number of notations used to present cardinality in
ER diagrams.
Chen, UML, Crow’s foot, Bachman are some of the popular
notations. Creately supports Chen, UML and Crow’s foot
notations.
The following example uses UML to show cardinality.
Email 1 has
0..N contacts
Account
06/10/2023 42
Cardinality in ER diagrams using UML notation
ER Diagram Templates
Below are some ER diagram templates so you can get started quickly.
Clicking on the image and in the new page that opens click the ―Use as
Template button. For more templates check out ER diagram templates
article.

ER Diagram Template of exam

database (Click on the image to use
as template)

06/10/2023 43
 A basic ER diagram template for a quick start

Basic ER Diagram template (Click to

use as template)

06/10/2023 44
 Benefits of ER diagrams
ER diagrams constitute a very useful framework for creating
and manipulating databases.
First, ER diagrams are easy to understand and do not require a
person to undergo extensive training to be able to work with it
efficiently and accurately.
This means that designers can use ER diagrams to easily
communicate with developers, customers, and end users,
regardless of their IT proficiency.
Second, ER diagrams are readily translatable into relational
tables which can be used to quickly build databases.
In addition, ER diagrams can directly be used by database
developers as the blueprint for implementing data in specific
software applications.
Lastly, ER diagrams may be applied in other contexts such as
describing the different relationships and operations within an
organization.
06/10/2023 45
 6.6. Add and modify data in a table
6.6.1. Ways to Add, Edit records
 There are several ways to update data in an Access
database.
 You add a record to your database when you have a
new item to track, such as a new contact to the
Contacts table.
 You use a form to manually update data.
 Data entry forms can provide an easier, faster, and
more accurate way to enter data.
 Forms can contain any number of controls such as
lists, text boxes, and buttons.
 In turn, each of the controls on the form either
reads data from or writes data to an underlying
table field. 46
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Datasheets are grids of data that look like Excel worksheets.
You can change data by working directly in Datasheet view.
If you are familiar with Excel, datasheets should be relatively
easy to understand.
You can change data in tables, query result sets, and forms that
display datasheets.
Typically, you use datasheets when you need to see many
records at once.

06/10/2023 47
 Understanding data entry symbols
The following table shows some of the record selector
symbols you might see when updating data and what they
mean.
Symbol Meaning
This is the current record; the record has been saved as it
appears. The current record is indicated by a change in
color in the record selector.
You are editing this record; changes to the record aren't
yet saved.
This record is locked by another user; you can't edit it.
This is a new record in which you can enter
information.
This is the primary key field and contains a value that
uniquely identifies the record.

06/10/2023 48
 6.7. Add and delete records
6.7.1. Add a Record
1. Click the New Record button on the Record
Navigation bar. You can also add a new record by
entering it in the New record row the last row in the
table.

06/10/2023 49
  Click the Delete button on the ribbon.
 Click a field value in the new record and enter data
as desired.
 As you enter data, you don’t have to click a Save
button to save the information—Access
automatically saves the information as you enter it.
 Press Tab to move to the next field value in a
record, or press Shift+ Tab to move back to the
previous field value in a record.

06/10/2023 50
06/10/2023 51
6.7.2. Delete a Record
You can permanently delete records that you no longer
need from a table.
1. Click the record selector next to the record you
want to delete.
2. Click the Delete button on the ribbon.
3. Click Yes to confirm the deletion.
 You can also delete a record by clicking the record
selector next to the record you want to delete,
pressing the Delete key, and clicking the Yes
button.

06/10/2023 52
 Figure 2.37 Change Windows

The record is deleted from the table.

06/10/2023 53
 6.8. Save and close down database to storage area
6.8.1. Saving a database
 Saving your work in Access is a little different from
saving in most Office apps.
 Changes to data, the primary reason for saving your
work in most apps, are automatically saved in in
Access, instead of saving data changes, you save
changes to the database design, or you save the
whole database, data and all, with a new filename as
a backup, or in a different format, such as an earlier
Access file format, a database template, or a compiled
database (a database where you can't change the
design).
 You can also save individual database objects as new
objects.

06/10/2023 54
 Unit Seven: Create reports and forms
 This unit is developed to provide you the necessary
information regarding the following content coverage
and topics:
 Design reports in a logical sequence
 Modify reports
 Distribute reports
 create a simple form
 Open existing database and modify records
through a simple form
 Rearrange objects within the form to
accommodate information requirements

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7.1. Design reports in a logical sequence
7.1.1. Report
 A report is an object in Microsoft Access that is used to
display and print your data in an organized manner.
 Reports provide a means of organizing and
summarizing data.
 Reports are often used to present an overview
highlighting main points and trends.
 Technique to create report
 Creating Reports using a wizard Creation of a report by
using a wizard is a fastest and easy way to create a
report by following the series of steps and choosing a
pre-defined template for your report.
 Creating Reports using design view Creation of a
report by design view is a user customized way setting-
up your report so to meet the users desired output and
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format. 56
  Decide which data to put in each report section Each report
has one or more report sections.
 The one section that is present in every report is the Detail
section.
 Decide how to arrange the detail data Most reports are
arranged in either a tabular or a stacked layout, but Access
gives you the flexibility to use just about any arrangement
of records and fields that you want.
7.1.2. Types of lay out
 Tabular layout A tabular layout is similar to a spreadsheet.
 Labels are across the top, and the data is aligned in
columns below the labels
 Stacked layout A stacked layout resembles a form that you
fill out when you open a bank account or make a purchase
from an online retailer.
 Each piece of data is labeled, and the fields are stacked on
top of each other.
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 The following illustration shows an employee report that
was created by using a stacked layout.
 Mixed layout You can mix elements of tabular and
stacked layouts.
 For example, for each record, you can arrange some
of the fields in a horizontal row at the top of the
Detail section and arrange other fields from the same
record in one or more stacked layouts beneath the top
row.
 The following illustration shows an employee report
that was created by using a mixed layout.
 The ID, Last Name, and First Name fields are
arranged in a tabular control layout, and the Job Title
and Business Phone fields are arranged in a stacked
layout.
 In this example, gridlines are used to provide a visual
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separation of fields for each employee. 58
  Justified layout If you use the Report Wizard to
create your report, you can choose to use a justified
layout.
 This layout uses the full width of the page to
display the records as compactly as possible.
 Of course, you can achieve the same results
without using the Report Wizard, but it can be a
painstaking process to align the fields exactly.
7.2. Modify reports
 Modifying or customizing reports, in many cases, is
much the same as modifying or customizing any other
form.
 It depends, however, on what type of report you want
to modify/customize and whether you want to modify
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the report object or the report criteria form. 59
7.21. Understand Layout view
 Layout view is the most intuitive view to use for report
modification, and can be used for nearly all the changes
you would want to make to a report in Access.
7.2.2. Understand Design view
 Design view gives you a more detailed view of the
structure of your report.
 You can see the header and footer bands for the report,
page, and groups.

Figure 1 design view

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7.3. Distribute reports
 Report is a document containing information
organized in a narrative, graphic, or tabular form,
prepared on ad hoc, periodic, recurring, regular, or
as required basis.
 Reports may refer to specific periods, events,
occurrences, or subjects, and may be
communicated or presented in oral or written form.
 Liberate your Access reports and distribute them
far and wide.
 For example, email them to one or more users,
export them to SharePoint document libraries,
and archive them on network folders.

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 Methods to distribute report
 Personalized emails: Segment your email list down to the
exact audience that would benefit most from your piece of
content.
 Guest posting: Write an article that discusses -- in a non-
promotional way -- the key findings or points within your
content, and send it to the editor of an online publication that
reaches your target audience.
 Follow-up emails: Encourage your sales team to include
a link to your content in their follow-up emails to
prospective clients, to answer their questions and position
your company as a resource they can trust.
 Lead interviews: Work with your sales reps to identify
prospective clients you can interview for your content.
 Include a quote in your content, and share it with them
once it's published.
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  Proposal references: The best proposals are often
supported with relevant data that corroborates the
solutions you’re suggesting to a prospect.
7.4. Create a simple form
7.4.1 Form
 A Form is a database object that you can use to create a
user interface for a database application.
 A "bound" form is one that is directly connected to a data
source such as a table or query, and can be used to enter,
edit, or display data from that data source.
 Forms are made up of controls, such as:
 text boxes,
 buttons,
 document tabs, and
 drop-down lists, grouped in a way that makes them
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easy to use and helps you get work done. 63
 The controls in the form are usually bound, or connected, to
the tables or queries in your database — but not always.
 For example, a control that displays your corporate logo
doesn't have to be bound to a table field.
 It can just point to the image it displays.
 In Access a form is an object that generally serves three
purposes:
 To allow users to perform data entry. Data can be
inserted, updated, or deleted from a table using a Form
object.
 To allow users to enter custom information, and based on
that information perform a task. For example, you may
want to ask a user for parameters before running a report.
 To allow users a method of navigating through the
system. For example, you may create a form where a user
can select a form to load, a report to run, etc.
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 Self-check Test I.
Instruction: Answer all the questions listed below. You have given 1 Minute
for each question. Each question carries 2 Point.
1------- provide a means of organizing and summarizing data.
A. Form B. Report C. Table D. All
2.Which layout uses the full width of the page to display the records as
compactly as possible?
A. Mixed B. Justified C. A&B
3---------is the most intuitive view to use for report modification
A. Layout view B. Mixed view C. Justified view
4.Which view gives you a more detailed view of the structure of your report.
A. Design B. Mixed C. Justified D. none
5----- is a document containing information organized in a narrative, graphic,
or tabular form?
A. Form B. Report C. Query D. Table
6.When you distribute an Access report, you create (2)
A. A static report B. mixed view C. Normal report D. justified view

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