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Lesson 2 Part I Methods of Language Teaching

This document outlines several common methods of language teaching: - Grammar-Translation focuses on translating between the native and target languages with little active use of the target language. - Direct Method uses only the target language and teaches grammar inductively through dialogues and questions. - Audio-Lingual Method is based on behaviorism and teaches through repetition, drills, and memorization to form habits. - The Silent Way uses colored rods and gestures from the teacher to generate student speech in the target language without using their native language.

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Nadjmin Shaharudin
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31 views

Lesson 2 Part I Methods of Language Teaching

This document outlines several common methods of language teaching: - Grammar-Translation focuses on translating between the native and target languages with little active use of the target language. - Direct Method uses only the target language and teaches grammar inductively through dialogues and questions. - Audio-Lingual Method is based on behaviorism and teaches through repetition, drills, and memorization to form habits. - The Silent Way uses colored rods and gestures from the teacher to generate student speech in the target language without using their native language.

Uploaded by

Nadjmin Shaharudin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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METHODS OF LANGUAGE

TEACHING

Part I
Methods of language teaching include:

1) Grammar-Translation Method
2) Direct Method
3) Audio-Lingual Method
4) Community Language Learning
5) (De)Suggestopedia
6) The Silent Way
7) Total Physical Response
8) Communicative Language Teaching
Grammar-Translation Method
 In this method, classes are taught in the students'
mother tongue, with little active use of the target
language.
 Vocabulary is taught in the form of isolated word lists.
 Elaborate explanations of grammar are always
provided.
 Grammar instruction provides the rules for putting
words together; instruction focuses on the form and
inflection of words.
 Little attention is paid to the content of texts.
 Drills are exercises in translating disconnected
sentences from the target language into the mother
tongue, and vice versa.
 Little or no attention is given to pronunciation.
GRAMMAR TRANSLATION METHOD

 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RCLM7ZXp2nc
Direct Method

 This approach was developed initially as a reaction


to the grammar-translation approach in an attempt
to integrate more use of the target language in
instruction.
 Lessons begin with a dialogue using a modern
conversational style in the target language.
 Material is first presented orally with actions or
pictures.
 The mother tongue is NEVER used. There is no
translation.
 The preferred type of exercise is a series of
questions in the target language based on the
dialogue or an anecdotal narrative.
 Questions are answered in the target language.
 Grammar is taught inductively--rules are
generalized from the practice and experience with
the target language.
 Verbs are used first and systematically conjugated
much later after some oral mastery of the target
language.
 Advanced students read literature for
comprehension and pleasure.
 Literary texts are not analyzed grammatically.
 The culture associated with the target language is
also taught inductively.
 Culture is considered an important aspect of
learning the language.
DIRECT METHOD

 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84Ux5r6d0Ac
Audio-Lingual Method

 This method is based on the principles of behavior


psychology.

 It adapted many of the principles and procedures of the


Direct Method, in part as a reaction to the lack of speaking
skills of the Reading Approach.

 New material is presented in the form of a dialogue.


 Based on the principle that language learning is
habit formation, the method fosters dependence on
mimicry, memorization of set phrases and over-
learning.

 Structures are sequenced and taught one at a time.


Structural patterns are taught using repetitive drills.

 Little
or no grammatical explanations are provided;
grammar is taught inductively.
 Skills are sequenced: Listening, speaking, reading and
writing are developed in order.

 Vocabulary is strictly limited and learned in context.

 Teaching points are determined by contrastive analysis


between L1 and L2.

 There is abundant use of language laboratories, tapes and


visual aids.

 There is an extended pre-reading period at the beginning of


the course.
 Great
importance is given to precise native-like
pronunciation.

 Useof the mother tongue by the teacher is


permitted, but discouraged among and by the
students.

 Successful responses are reinforced; great care is


taken to prevent learner errors.

 There is a tendency to focus on manipulation of the


target language and to disregard content and
meaning.
AUDIO LINGUAL METHOD

 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QjbewExPM_Q
The Silent Way
This method begins by using a set of colored wooden
rods and verbal commands in order to achieve the
following:
 To avoid the use of the vernacular.
 To create simple linguistic situations that remain
under the complete control of the teacher .
 To pass on to the learners the responsibility for the
utterances of the descriptions of the objects shown or
the actions performed.
 To let the teacher concentrate on what the students
say and how they are saying it, drawing their
attention to the differences in pronunciation and the
flow of words.
 To generate a serious game-like situation in which
the rules are implicitly agreed upon by giving
meaning to the gestures of the teacher and his mime.
 To permit almost from the start a switch from the
lone voice of the teacher using the foreign language
to a number of voices using it.
 To provide the support of perception and action to
the intellectual guess of what the noises mean, thus
bring in the arsenal of the usual criteria of experience
already developed and automatic in one's use of the
mother tongue.
 To provide a duration of spontaneous speech upon
which the teacher and the students can work to obtain
a similarity of melody to the one heard.
Materials

The materials utilized as the language learning


progresses include:
1) A set of colored wooden rods
2) A set of wall charts containing words of a
"functional" vocabulary and some additional
ones
3) A pointer for use with the charts in Visual
Dictation
4) A color coded phonic chart(s) Tapes or discs
5) films, drawings and pictures, and
6) A set of accompanying worksheets
transparencies, texts, a Book of Stories.
SILENT WAY METHOD

 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dIO3r48EF0w

 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I4Kow8GRdA4
THANK YOU

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