Presentation Plumbing On Process ABUBEKER ABRAR

PLUMBIN
G
Plumbing
INTRODUCTON TO PLUMBING
Plumbing is one of the most important services to be
found in any modern society.
 For people in society to lead a healthy life, one of the
most basic requirements is to live in clean and
sanitary conditions. This means having access to a
piped supply of clean water, and accommodation that
includes appliances or fittings for washing, cleaning
and the collection and disposal of waste matter,
 therefore Plumbers who install and maintain such
systems, are seen as important figures in society.
Plumbing
 Modern plumbing can seem and often is complicated and

the modern plumber needs to be well trained or skilled
to cope with all the different things that he or she has to
do. It was probably the Romans however who had the
most influence on the development of plumbing.
 The word ‘plumber’ itself is taken from the Latin word
for lead, plumbum, Plumbers were originally seen as
workers of lead.
 Plumber must also be able to read and interpret details
contained within a number of information sources
including drawings, specifications and manufacturer’s
catalogues.
Plumbing
Generally, we think that plumbing meets people’s basic

requirements by:
✏️Keeping them healthy and clean by providing cold water
for drinking, hot water for washing and sanitation systems
for the removal of waste products
✏️Keeping them warm with the help of hot water heating
systems
✏️Meeting the above requirements together to ensure
maximum comfort and convenience for them by providing
heating, hot and cold water systems and
 sanitation 365 days a year and 24 h a day.
Plumbing cycle
Plumber Role
✏️Service
✏️Maintenance of a wide range of domestic systems
such as:️Cold water, including underground services to
a dwelling
✏️Hot water
✏️Heating systems fuel led by gas, oil or solid fuel
✏️Sanitation (or above ground drainage) including the
installation of baths, hand
wash basins, water closets (WCs) and sinks
✏️Rainwater systems, gutters and fall pipes
Types of plumbing system
Whenever someone thinks about plumbing, they usually

think about their sinks,
showers and toilets. However, plumbing is more
complicated than that.
 All plumbing systems are connected to a series of pipes
that have two uses; for us to use and to get rid of
waste. Here’s what you need to know about the
different types
Types of plumbing system
 plumbing systems.THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF PLUMBING

 There are three different types of plumbing systems;
 ✏️sanitary drainage,
 ✏️storm water drainage and
 ✏️potable water.
SANITARY DRAINAGE SYSTEM
 A sanitary drainage system is what helps get

rid of wastewater.
 This system contains a series of pipes that
were designed to specifically dispose of
waste.
 This waste comes from things such as doing
the laundry and putting food down the drain.
 Once the waste enters the pipes, it is then
transferred to a local sewer system.
STORMWATER DRAINAGE
SYSTEM
 You may have noticed those little holes on the sidewalk.
Those are known as storm drains. These are used to
carry excess water away from a house.
 Back in the day, the water that went down a storm
drain used to go into a sanitary drainage system. And in
some areas, they still do.
 These days, however, rainwater is sent to a storm
sewer instead.
 Your gutters also play a pivotal role when it comes to
draining rainwater. However, if they’re not maintained,
it can lead to serious issues
Here are a few common signs of malfunctioning gutters:
✏️The paint starts peeling off the house
✏️The gutters are cracked
✏️The gutters are split
 ✏️Your home has sustained water damage_x0000_
Potable water system
 A potable water system is what enables people to use

water within a building.
 This system is comprised of various pipes that’s
connected to a single system.
 A valve can be located on this system, which is used to
cut off the water supply.
 Furthermore, there is also usually a meter that tells
you how much water is being used throughout the
building.
Types of pipes uses in
plumbing
 Several types of plumbing pipe are in use today and
several more have been discontinued in some localities
for various reasons.
PEX PIPE
 Best for: Indoor hot and cold-water supply lines
 Cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) pipes are made from a
type of flexible plastic.
 Thanks to their flexibility, ease of use and installation
and low cost, PEX pipes are a popular choice for DIY
plumbers and modern residential plumbing.
 They can easily be found in any home improvement
store.
PEX PIPE
Advantage and disadvantages
of pex pipe
pros cons
 Color-coded for your convenience (red  UV exposure will cause
pipes are for hot water, blue pipes are pipes to harden and
for cold water and white or gray pipes
can carry both but are often used for crack, meaning PEX
single line uses to help easily identify cannot be used
lines used to supply exterior spigots outdoors or for any
 Durable, quiet and long-lasting, does exterior plumbing needs
not corrode over time
 Exposure to extremely
 No soldering or advanced labor skills high heat (180º F) can
necessary to install and use
melt the plastic
 Variety of options and sizes are
available at stores (1/4” to 1”
 Cannot be easily
diameters available in 10-foot lengths recycled
or 100’ to 500’ coils  More easily damaged by
chemicals and pests (e.g.
mice) than copper pipes
PVC pipe
 Best for: Cold water plumbing
 Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes are a common type of piping,
used residentially, commercially and industrially.
 This familiar white pipe can be found connected to
appliances and used as a main water supply line.
 Their versatility makes PVC pipes an obvious go-to for many
plumbing solutions, since they are resistant to high water
pressure, can be used both indoors and outdoors and have a
long life expectancy when properly maintained (50-100+
years).
 For PVC pipes that can withstand more extensive damage
and hot/cold temperatures, look into CPVC (chlorinated
polyvinyl chloride) pipes.
Advantage and disadvantages of pvc
pipe
Pros:
 Lightweight, strong and durable; does
not corrode or rust
 Easy to find at any home improvement
store in a variety of lengths and sizes
 Easy to install and maintain over time
 Recyclable Cons:
 Damaged by hot temperatures
System of plumbing and types of plumping
 Pipes are not very flexible unless
purchased pre-bent; rigidity makes them
non ideal for small or tight spaces
 Some places may not allow PVC piping
Copper pipe
 Best for: Water supply lines
 Copper pipes remain the standard non-flexible choice
for most plumbing needs, particularly when it comes to
water supply lines. Up until the introduction of flexible
plastic pipes like PVC and PEX, copper pipes were the
most common type of pipe in residential housing.
 Copper pipes are durable—they can withstand
significant amounts of pressure—but they are also more
expensive than plastic counterparts.
 Many professional plumbers will use both copper and
plastic pipes in residential installations.
Advantage and disadvantage of copper
pipe
Cons:
Pros:  May cause water to taste metallic (ofte
 Lightweight and aesthetically fades with time)
pleasing  Corrode slowly over time, or rapidly in
 No contamination of the water the presence of acidic water
 Not as harmful to the environment  Requires soldering for connection
compared to plastic pipes
Flexible Hoses (Flexi Pipes)
 Best for: Short connections from appliances to water

supply lines System of plumbing and types of plumping
 Flexible hoses, also known as flexi pipes, flex lines or
braided hoses, are made from rubber surrounded by
stainless steel.
 They typically make the final connection between a
home’s water supply line and the actual appliances, like
toilets, washing machines and sinks.
 Flexi pipes are readily available in hardware stores and
can be found in a variety of sizes and lengths.
Advantage and dis advantage
of flexi pipe
Cons:
Pros:  Short lifespan; must be replaced and
 Can be used in tight areas and small
regularly maintained
spaces due to their flexible nature  Braided stainless steel cover may fray
 Easy to replace and break, increasing the risk for a burst
pipe
Cast Iron pipe
 Best for: Drain, waste and vent systems (sewer drainage)
 Cast iron pipes have fallen out of favor in modern times,
in part due to the availability of excellent alternatives
like copper and PEX piping.
 By far the greatest issue with cast iron pipes, though, is
how susceptible they are to rusting out—a process that
can quickly and significantly damage your plumbing
infrastructure.
 While you can still find cast iron pipes used in the
drainage systems of older homes, they are rarely used in
new buildings and require lots of vigilance to maintain.
Advantage and disadvantage
of cast iron pipePros:
 Strong and durable pipe system that can
withstand high amounts of pressure
 Can last a long time when properly
managed and maintained
 Quiet, since pipe walls are thick
 Resistant to heat, even high
Cons: temperatures and will not melt
 Susceptible to rust (corrosion) over
time, with repairs being expensive, time
consuming and inconvenient
 Pipes are heavy and unwieldy to move
and install
 Pipes can clog, slowing down the
drainage process and even causing a
sewer
back up
 Expensive, both in the initial purchase
and installation and for any necessary
Galvanized Steel Pipes
 Best for: Water supply lines; however,

 this piping is rarely used today Like cast iron pipes,
galvanized steel pipes are typically found in older homes.
 In fact, if you have galvanized pipes, the general
recommendation is that you get them replaced with a more
modern alternative.
 The likelihood of a galvanized steel pipe internally
corroding and causing extensive damage to your home is
very high, particularly the older your system is.
 Similarly, once a pipe begins to corrode, the metals—
sometimes including lead, depending on the quality of the
materials used and the date of installation—can contaminate
your water supply.
Advantage and dis advantage of
Galvanized pipe
Pros:
 Dipped in zinc to prevent and delay
corrosion
 Variety of lengths and sizes available
 Long lifespan when properly maintained
Cons:
 High risk of internal corrosion,
contaminating the water supply, causing
discoloration and restricting flow
 Calcium deposits can build up inside the
pipe, causing low water pressure and
other blockage
 Not widely used in modern residential
buildings today
END

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PLUMBIN

 Modern plumbing can seem and often is complicated and

Generally, we think that plumbing meets people’s basic

Whenever someone thinks about plumbing, they usually

 plumbing systems.THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF PLUMBING

 A sanitary drainage system is what helps get

 A potable water system is what enables people to use

 Best for: Short connections from appliances to water

 Best for: Water supply lines; however,

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