Department of Civil Engineering
Seminar On
“Demolition of Buildings”
GUIDED BY: PRESENTED BY:
Dr. Vinay A Ayush Raj Singh
Assistant Professor 1DS19CV020
26/05/2023
CONTENTS
Introduction
Demolition
Literature Review
Methodology
Case Study
Conclusion
References
Introduction
• We know every structure is designed for a life period.
• The existence of the structure after the service life period is very
dangerous to its occupants and surrounding buildings.
• The building act usually contains provisions that enable local
authorities to control demolition works for the protection of public
safety and to ensure adjoining premises and the site are made good
on completion of the demolition.
Demolition
• Demolition is the process of tearing down or falling down of a
building after its life period with the help of some equipments or
any other method.
• Demolition contrasts with deconstruction, which involves
taking a building apart while carefully preserving valuable
elements for re-use purposes.
• When explosives are used for this then the demolition
process are called as an implosion.
Objectives
• To study the suitability of an implosion technology for demolition of
building.
• Evaluate and identify demolition options for multi- storied
building.
• To perform economic comparison of an implosion technology
with explosion technology and provide suitable method to
minimize cost of demolition of building.
Literature Review:-
SI TITLE YEAR AUTHOR OUTCOME
NO
01 Demolition of March Ashish H. The study includes various
buildings: An 2014 Makwana methods involved in the process of
integrated novel demolition, various equipment's
approach used for the process of demolition
02 Environmental impact August Rahul Ralegaonkar This study is to understand the
assessment of 2022 environmental impact of the
demolition of a demolition. The building can be
building in India-A retrofitted and made compliant
case study with local building bye-laws which
has been analyzed for its
environmental impact.
03 Study of safety in December R.B Karthick The study includes the
demolition of buildings 2017 precautionary measures regarding
machinery or equipment’s,
scaffolding, public safety and
worker safety. Various strategies of
demolition waste have been
reported in literature for
implementing good practices for
demolition of buildings.
Methodology
Steps before Demolition
Demolition
After demolition
Work Flow Chart:-
Recognition of Need
Identify the alternatives
Evaluate
Analysis and Result Discussion
Conclusion
Steps before Demolition
The different steps before the execution of a demolition
processes are-
1. Surveying of site
2. Building surveying
(a) Record Drawings
(b) Survey of Buildings
(c) Hazardous Materials on and in surrounding
3.Structural surveying
4. Preparation of plan along with strategy to implement
5. Detailed survey:-
(a) Topography of the site with its ground level contours
and sections of the slopes and ground supported by the building
where appropriate in detailed.
(b) Details of ground removal or backfilling.
(c) The distance from the building to be demolished to its adjacent buildings
and structure .
(d) A detail plans showing the steps for the demolition.
6. Stability report from local authorities.
7. Safety measures to be used.
Method of Demolition
There are two types of demolition:-
1. Non explosive demolition
2. Explosive demolition.
Non - explosive demolition
It means the demolition of a structure done with some equipment without the use of
any explosive. Different equipments used for the demolition activity are:-
1. Sledge hammer Sledge hammer, equipment used for removing a stone
wall or a single column. It consists of a long stem with a metallic head. It is
used to give impacts on the surfaces and that cause the demolition of
structure. It cannot be used for removal of large buildings.
2.Excavators and Bulldozers:- Hydraulic excavators may be used to topple
one-or two-story buildings by an undermining. The undermining process means,
erode the base or foundation, i.e., dig or excavate beneath the foundation so
as to make it collapse
Sledge Hammer
Excavators and Bulldozers
Other Methods
• Wrecking balls
• High reach excavators
Explosive Demolition:- The basic idea of explosive demolition is quite
simple. If we remove the support structure of a building at a certain point,
the section of the building above the point will fall down on the part of the
building below that point. If this upper section is heavy enough, it will
collide with the lower part with sufficient force to cause significant
damage. The explosives are just trigger for the demolition. It‟s gravity
that brings the building down.
There are mainly two ways to implode a building-
(a) Felling like a tree
(b) Falling into its own footprint Felling like a tree
Demolition of a chimney in Germany (falling into footprint)
Causes of Demolition:-
• A weak foundation
• A building is very old
• Building contain dangerous material
• Change in governmental building codes or zoning law
• Plans to sell a vacant cell
Case Study
• In Western Railway, Mumbai division, there was a G+3 storied
building, numbered 25/T, constructed in 1924 by BB & CI
Railway as a first cement concrete residential structure in Mumbai.
• It was having 80Nos. (4×20) type I quarters with a total land area
about 430sqm. The total height of the building was 13.2m above
rail level.
• The structure completed its designed life and the existing condition
of the building was so deteriorated that there was no option,
but to demolish the same for safety of running trains and
adjoining residents.
• There were four running lines just adjacent to structure on
east side, the face of building being 4.55m away from track
centre.
• There was a supporting the portal for five OHE live
conductors at a distance of 5.80m from face of building
towards north side.
• There was a stone masonry boundary wall at a distance of
2.80m from the face of building. In addition to above
mentioned railway assets, there was a 40 storied structure
about 100m away from the building to be demolished and a
diamond factory on the east side having an exterior glazed
building.
Salient Points:
• Type of structure - R.C.C framed structure at Kohinoor Steels
Pvt.Ltd., Kirloskarwadi, Sangli.
• Explosives the explosive used was of brand name, Power Gel,
which is an ammonium nitrate based explosive which expands at
very high speed and applies a very high pressure upon
blasting. Electronic detonators were used to ignite the
explosive. Before carrying out the actual blasting, a test blast
was conducted to as certain the efficiency of explosive and
detonators.
• Demolition cost will be up to 78500/-
• Schedule: plan date for demolition of G+3 building having
area 1000 sq.m is 29 march 2014.
Conclusion
• Type of demolition method depends upon various factors
such as site condition, type of structures, age of building,
height of building and economy.
• Anyway controlled demolition of building is necessary to
ensure safety. Explosive demolition is the preferred method
for safely and efficiently demolishing the larger
structures.
• Almost all major building implosions in the world
are handled by 20 well- established companies, blasting is
passed on from generation to generation.
References
• “International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced
Engineering” (ISSN 2250 9001:2008 Certified Journal,
Volume 2013),pp 322-349.
• Kevin Hooper, “Successful Demolition of Historic Cape Canaveral Air
Force Station Launch Facilities: Managing the Process to Maximize
Recycle Value to Fund Demolition –
8481” , WM2008 Conference, February 24 -28, 2008, Phoenix,
AZ, pp159
• Rupel Symonds, recycling construction and demolition wastes”, The
Boston Society of Architects, April 2005, pp 378- 402.
• Disaster planning, structural assessment, demolition and recycling : report
of Task Force 2 of RILEM Technical Committee 121-DRG, Guidelines for
Demolition and Reuse of Concrete and Masonry / edited by Carlo De
Pauw and Erik K. Lauritzen.
THANK YOU
