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TCSC

The document discusses Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC) which consists of a series capacitor shunted by a Thyristor Controlled Reactor (TCR). The TCSC provides continuously variable series compensation by adjusting the delay angle of the TCR to vary the capacitive and inductive impedance. TCSC can operate in capacitive and inductive regions depending on the delay angle to regulate power flow and enhance stability in transmission lines.

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Aniruddha Ray
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161 views21 pages

TCSC

The document discusses Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC) which consists of a series capacitor shunted by a Thyristor Controlled Reactor (TCR). The TCSC provides continuously variable series compensation by adjusting the delay angle of the TCR to vary the capacitive and inductive impedance. TCSC can operate in capacitive and inductive regions depending on the delay angle to regulate power flow and enhance stability in transmission lines.

Uploaded by

Aniruddha Ray
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Thyristor Controlled series

Capacitor(TCSC)

9-1
Variable Inpedance type Series Compensators

• GTO Thyristor-Controlled Series Capacitor (GCSC)

• Thyristor-switched Series Capacitor (TSSC)

• Thyristor-Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC)

9-2
Introduction

• TCSC consists of the series compensating capacitor


shunted by a TCR
• Rapid adjustment of network impedance is possible

9-3
TCSC

• Several such basic compensators may be connected in


series to obtain desired voltage rating and operating
characteristics.

• If XL is very small than that of Xc it can be operated


in an on/off manner.

9-4
TCSC
• TCSC provides continuously variable capacitance by partially cancelling
the effective compensating capacitance by the TCR
• TCR at the fundamental system frequency is a continuously variable
reactive impedance, controllable by delay angle α, the steady state
impedance of the TCSC is that of a parallel LC circuit, consisting of a
fixed capacitive impedance XC and a variable inductive impedance XL (α).

9-5
TCSC

• TCSC presents a tunable parallel LC circuit to the line


current.

• As the impedance XL(α) varied from maximum(∞) to


minimum(ωL, achieved at = 0 ), capacitive
impedance of TCSC increases & so the degree of
capacitive compensation

9-6
TCSC

9-7
TCSC
• At parallel resonance Xc=XL(α)
• XTCSC = ∞
• Further decrease in XL(α) make impedance of TCSC
inductive
• At α=0, XL(α) is minimum
• Capacitor is bypassed by the TCR

9-8
TCSC

• Around its internal resonance TCSC operate in two


operating ranges

 αclim ≤ α ≤ π/2 (Capacitive)

 0 ≤ α ≤ αLlim (Inductive)

9-9
Impedance vs α characteristics

9-10
TCSC waveforms

9-11
TCSC in capacitive Region
• Assume that the thyristor valve, s/w, is initially open
and line current produced voltage vco across fixed
series compensating capacitor.
• And the TCR is to be tuned at , measured from
negative peak of the capacitor voltage.
• At the instant of turn-on the capacitor voltage is
negative, the line current is positive and thus the
charging the capacitor in the positive direction.
• During positive half cycle thyristor valve can be
viewed as an ideal s/w, closing at  in series with a
diode with appropriate polarity to stop the conduction
as the current crosses zero.
9-12
TCSC in capacitive Region

• At the instant of closing switch two independent


events take place
 The line current being constant current source, continues to
charge the capacitor
 The charge on the capacitor will be reversed during the
resonant half cycle of the LC circuit. Assume XL<XC
• The resonant charge reversal produces a dc offset
for the next half cycle.

9-13
TCSC in Capacitive Region

9-14
TCSC in Inductive region

9-15
TCSC

9-16
TCSC

9-17
TCSC advantages and disadvantages

• Small XL is advantageous in providing well defined


charge reversal and control of the period time of
compensating voltage.
• Small value of reactor also provide effective bypass
for large surge current during system fault.

9-18
• But small XL increases the magnitude of current
harmonics generated by the TCR and circulated through
the series capacitor.
• Also increases the capacitor voltage harmonics injected
in to the line.
• The range of actual delay angle control decreases.
• Control of closed loop parameter parameters becomes
difficult.
• It produces large short duration currents thus higher
rating thyristor will be requirred.
9-19
V-I Characteristics

9-20
V-I Characteristics

• In the capacitive region the minimum delay


angle α clim sets the limit for the maximum
compensating voltage
• In the inductive region α Llim limits the
compensating voltage

9-21

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