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Lesson 11 Sampling

The document defines sampling as selecting respondents from a population to answer questions for a research study. It discusses the history of sampling dating back to the 1920 US presidential election. There are two main categories of sampling: probability sampling which involves random selection, and non-probability sampling which does not use random selection. Probability sampling methods include simple random sampling, systematic sampling, stratified sampling, and cluster sampling. Non-probability sampling methods include quota sampling, voluntary sampling, purposive sampling, availability sampling, and snowball sampling.

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99 views

Lesson 11 Sampling

The document defines sampling as selecting respondents from a population to answer questions for a research study. It discusses the history of sampling dating back to the 1920 US presidential election. There are two main categories of sampling: probability sampling which involves random selection, and non-probability sampling which does not use random selection. Probability sampling methods include simple random sampling, systematic sampling, stratified sampling, and cluster sampling. Non-probability sampling methods include quota sampling, voluntary sampling, purposive sampling, availability sampling, and snowball sampling.

Uploaded by

shayndelamaga
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SAMPLING

Definition

• Sampling is a word that refers to your


method or process of selecting
respondents or people to answer
questions meant to yield data for a
research study. The chosen ones
constitute the sample through which you
will derive facts and evidence to support
the claims or conclusions propounded by
your research problem.
• The bigger group from where you
choose the sample is called
population, and sampling frame is
the term used to mean the list of
the members of such population
from where you will get the
sample. (Paris 2013)
History

• The beginning of sampling could


be traced back to the early
political activities of the
Americans in 1920 when Literacy
Digest did a pioneering survey
about the American citizens’
favorite among the 1920
presidential candidates.
• Sampling strategies that they
categorized into two classes:
probability sampling or unbiased
sampling and non-probability
sampling. (Babbie 2013)
Probability
Sampling or
Unbiased
Sampling
• Probability sampling involves all
members listed in the sampling
frame representing a certain
population focused on by your study.
You are able to obtain a sample that
is capable of representing the
population under study or of showing
strong similarities in characteristics
with the members of the population.
• A Sampling Error crops up if
the selection does not take
place in the way it is planned.
The smaller the sample is, the
bigger the number of sampling
errors.
Types of Probabilit
Sampling
• Simple Random

• Systematic Sampling

• Stratified Sampling

• Cluster Sampling
Simple Random
• Simple random sampling is the best
type of probability sampling through
which you can choose sample from
a population. Simple random
sampling happens through any of
these two methods; (Burns 2012)
1.Have a list of all members of the
population.
2.Have a list of all members;
Systematic Sampling

• For this kind of probability


sampling, chance and system
are the ones to determine who
should compose the sample.
Stratified Sampling
• The sample is chosen in a way
that such group is liable to
subdivision during the data
analysis stage.
Cluster Sampling

It makes you isolate a set of


persons instead of individual
members to serve as sample
members.
Non-Probability
Sampling
• Non-probability sampling
disregards random selection of
subjects. The subjects are chosen
based on their availability or the
purpose of the study, and in some
cases, on the sole discretion of
the researcher.
Types of Non-Probability Sampling

• Quota Sampling
• Voluntary Sampling
• Purposive or Judgmental
Sampling
• Availability Sampling
• Snowball Sampling
Quota Sampling
• You resort to quota sampling
when you think you know the
characteristics of the target
population very well. In this case,
you tend to choose sample
members possessing or indicating
the characteristics of the target
population.
Voluntary Sampling
• Since the subjects you expect to
participate in the sample selection
the ones volunteering to
constitute the sample, there is no
need for you to do any selection
process.
Purposive or Judgmental
Sampling
• You choose people whom you are
sure could correspond to the
objectives of your study, like
selecting those with rich
experience or interest on your
study.
Availability Sampling

• The willingness of a person as


your subject to interact with
you counts a lot in this non-
probability sampling method.
Snowball Sampling

• Similar to snow expanding widely


or rolling rapidly, this sampling
method does not give a specific
set of samples. This is true for a
study involving unspecified group
of people.

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