MERCURY

• Mercury is the smallest planet in our solar system. It’s just a little
bigger than Earth’s moon. It is the closest planet to the sun, but it’s
actually not the hottest. Venus is hotter.
• Along with Venus, Earth, and Mars, Mercury is one of the rocky
planets. It has a solid surface that is covered with craters. It has no
atmosphere, and it doesn’t have any moons. Mercury likes to keep
things simple.
• This small planet spins around slowly compared to Earth, so one day
lasts a long time. Mercury takes 59 Earth days to make one full
rotation. A year on Mercury goes by fast. Because it’s the closest
planet to the sun, it doesn’t take very long to go all the way around. It
completes one revolution around the sun in just 88 Earth days. If you
lived on Mercury, you’d have a birthday every three months!
• A day on Mercury is not like a day here on Earth. For us, the sun rises
and sets each and every day. Because Mercury has a slow spin and
short year, it takes a long time for the sun to rise and set there.
Mercury only has one sunrise every 180 Earth days! Isn't that weird?
 VENUS
•Even though Venus isn't the closest planet to the Sun, it is still the hottest. It has a thick
atmosphere full of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide and clouds made of sulfuric acid. The
gas traps heat and keeps Venus toasty warm. In fact, it's so hot on Venus, metals like lead
would be puddles of melted
•Venus looks like a very active planet. It has mountains and volcanoes. Venus is similar in size
to Earth. Earth is just a little bit bigger.
•Venus is unusual because it spins the opposite direction of Earth and most other planets. And
its rotation is very slow. It takes about 243 Earth days to spin around just once. Because it's so
close to the Sun, a year goes by fast. It takes 225 Earth days for Venus to go all the way
around the Sun. That means that a day on Venus is a little longer than a year on Venus.
•Since the day and year lengths are similar, one day on Venus is not like a day on Earth. Here,
the Sun rises and sets once each day. But on Venus, the Sun rises every 117 Earth days. That
means the Sun rises two times during each year on Venus, even though it is still the same day
on Venus! And because Venus rotates backwards, the Sun rises in the west and sets in the east.
•Just like Mercury, Venus doesn't have any moons.
 EARTH
• The earth is the third nearest planet to the Sun in our solar system.
• The revolution of Earth around the Sun causes a change in seasons while
the rotation around its own axis causes day and night.
• Mountains, Plateaus, and plains are the major landforms of the earth.
• The Earth is tilted at an angle of 23.50 on its own axis.
• There atmosphere around the Earth is very dense, comprising about
78.09% nitrogen, 20.91% oxygen, and 1% other gases.
• It takes about 8.3 minutes for sunlight to reach the Earth.
• The earth is the fifth largest planet in size.
• The coldest place on earth in Antarctica, and the hottest place in Libya.
• The atmosphere’s structure consists of the Troposphere, Stratosphere,
Mesosphere, Ionosphere, and Exosphere.
• The movement of tectonic plates of the earth cause earthquakes.
 MARS
• Mars is a cold desert world. It is half the size of Earth. Mars is
sometimes called the Red Planet. It's red because of rusty iron
in the ground.
• Like Earth, Mars has seasons, polar ice caps, volcanoes,
canyons, and weather. It has a very thin atmosphere made of
carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and argon.
• There are signs of ancient floods on Mars, but now water
mostly exists in icy dirt and thin clouds. On some Martian
hillsides, there is evidence of liquid salty water in the ground.
• Scientists want to know if Mars may have had living things in
the past. They also want to know if Mars could support life
now or in the future.
 JUPITER
• Jupiter is the fifth planet in the solar system and the largest amongst all the other planets in
our solar system. It is the largest among all the planets because its mass is more than almost
all other planets.
• The atmosphere on Jupiter is denser than any other planet. This planet is a gas giant
planet.
• 1) Jupiter is the fifth planet in the solar system.
• 2) The surface temperature on Jupiter is 2.5 times higher than the surface temperature of
Earth.
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• 3) It is a gas giant planet with a diameter of 1.3 billion km.
• 4) Jupiter is the fifth planet in the solar system.
• 5) It is the largest planet in our solar system.
• 6) Jupiter is the largest among all the planets in our solar system.
• 7) The density of Jupiter is one-tenth of the density of Neptune.
• 8) Jupiter has a very thin atmosphere.
• 10) The average distance between the solar system and outer planets is about 6.2 billion km.
 SATURN
• Saturn is the second largest planet in the solar system.

• Saturn is the sixth planet in terms of distance from the Sun.

• The diameter of the planet Saturn is about 1,20,500 km.
• The rings of meteorites are formed around the planet Saturn.
• The planet Saturn is 9 times larger than Earth in average diameter.
• The planet Saturn is mainly composed of hydrogen and helium gas.
• Saturn has about 83 moons.
• The average distance of Saturn from the Sun is 1.434 billion kilometers.
• The name of the largest moon of Saturn is Titan.
• The planet Saturn is located 1.2 billion kilometers away from our Earth.
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• The planet Saturn can be seen from Earth with the naked eye and it appears very bright when viewed.
• It is named after the Roman god of agriculture.
• The volume of the planet Saturn is so much that 763 Earths can fit inside it.
• The weight of Saturn is 95 times more than the planet Earth.
• The magnetic force of Saturn is 578 times greater than that of Earth.
• Poinir-11 was the first spacecraft sent to Saturn, which discovered two outer rings on Saturn.
• Later the Voyager mission passed through here which gave detailed information about these rings.
• It sent much important information to Earth.
• The atmospheric pressure on Saturn is 100 times greater than on Earth.
• Winds on the planet Saturn move at a speed of 1800 kilometers per hour.
 URNAUS
• Uranus is the seventh planet from the Sun, and has the third-
largest diameter in our solar system. It was the first planet found
with the aid of a telescope, Uranus was discovered in 1781 by
astronomer William Herschel, although he originally thought it
was either a comet or a star.
• It was two years later that the object was universally accepted as a
new planet, in part because of observations by astronomer Johann
Elert Bode. Herschel tried unsuccessfully to name his discovery
Georgium Sidus after King George III. Instead, the scientific
community accepted Bode's suggestion to name it Uranus, the
Greek god of the sky, as suggested by Bode.​
 NEPTUNE
• Neptune is dark, cold, and very windy. It's the last
of the planets in our solar system. It's more than 30
times as far from the Sun as Earth is.
• Neptune is very similar to Uranus. It's made of a
thick soup of water, ammonia, and methane over an
Earth-sized solid center. Its atmosphere is made of
hydrogen, helium, and methane. The methane gives
Neptune the same blue color as Uranus.
• Neptune has six rings, but they're very hard to see.