Scribd
Upload
133 views10 pages

Comparison Operators - SQL

The document discusses SQL comparison operators that can be used to compare expressions and return TRUE, FALSE, or UNKNOWN. It explains that NULL values in fields represent an absence of data rather than a zero or blank value. It also demonstrates the proper use of the IS NULL operator to select rows where a field value is NULL, rather than using the = operator which would return FALSE. Finally, it provides examples of operators like =, >, <, >=, <=, <>, and != and how they can be used in a WHERE clause to filter query results.

Uploaded by

Kristine Capao
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
133 views10 pages

Comparison Operators - SQL

The document discusses SQL comparison operators that can be used to compare expressions and return TRUE, FALSE, or UNKNOWN. It explains that NULL values in fields represent an absence of data rather than a zero or blank value. It also demonstrates the proper use of the IS NULL operator to select rows where a field value is NULL, rather than using the = operator which would return FALSE. Finally, it provides examples of operators like =, >, <, >=, <=, <>, and != and how they can be used in a WHERE clause to filter query results.

Uploaded by

Kristine Capao
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 10

OPERATORS

COMPARISON OPERATORS
SQL

Ppt Template by: https://poweredtemplate.com/04066/0/index.html


Comparison Operators

• Compare expressions and return one


of three values: TRUE, FALSE, or
Unknown. ?

 Null or absence of data in a


field, not a zero or a blank
 nothing is in that field

Ppt Template by: https://poweredtemplate.com/04066/0/index.html


Comparison Operators

• SELECT * FROM PRICE WHERE


WHOLESALE IS NULL;

ORANGES is the only item whose value for WHOLESALE is


NULL or does not contain a value. What if you use the equal sign
(=) instead?

Ppt Template by: https://poweredtemplate.com/04066/0/index.html


Comparison Operators

• SELECT * FROM PRICE WHERE


WHOLESALE = NULL;

You didn't find anything because the comparison WHOLESALE = NULL returned a
FALSE (the result was unknown). It would be more appropriate to use an IS NULL
instead of =, changing the WHERE statement to WHERE WHOLESALE IS NULL.
In this case you would get all the rows where a NULL existed.

Ppt Template by: https://poweredtemplate.com/04066/0/index.html


Comparison Operators: Equal ( = )

• In the WHERE clause, the equal sign is


the most commonly used comparison
operator.
• Used alone, the equal sign is a very
convenient way of selecting one value
out of many.

Ppt Template by: https://poweredtemplate.com/04066/0/index.html


Comparison Operators: Equal ( = )

INPUT
SELECT * FROM FRIENDS WHERE FIRSTNAME = 'BUD';

SELECT * FROM FRIENDS WHERE FIRSTNAME = 'AL';

NOTE: Here you see that = can pull in multiple records

Ppt Template by: https://poweredtemplate.com/04066/0/index.html


Greater Than (>) and
Greater than or Equal (>=)

Try this:
SELECT * FROM FRIENDS WHERE AREACODE > 82;

SELECT * FROM FRIENDS WHERE AREACODE >= 82;

Ppt Template by: https://poweredtemplate.com/04066/0/index.html


Less Than (<) and
Less Than or Equal To (<=)
Try this:
SELECT * FROM FRIENDS WHERE STATE < 'LA';

SELECT * FROM FRIENDS WHERE STATE <= 'LA';

Ppt Template by: https://poweredtemplate.com/04066/0/index.html


Inequalities (< > or !=)

When you need to find everything except for certain


data, use the inequality symbol (either < > or !=,
depending on your SQL implementation).

Ppt Template by: https://poweredtemplate.com/04066/0/index.html


Inequalities (< > or !=)

Ex. Find everyone who is not AL from table


FRIENDS.
SELECT * FROM FRIENDS WHERE FIRSTNAME <> 'AL';

Ppt Template by: https://poweredtemplate.com/04066/0/index.html

You might also like