OOP Week 4 Lecture 2

Inheritance allows developers to reuse existing classes to build new classes. The existing class being reused is called the superclass or parent class, while the new class inheriting properties is called the subclass or child class. There are two types of inheritance: single inheritance where a child class inherits from one parent class, and multiple inheritance where a child class inherits from multiple parent classes. To specify a derived class, the derived class name and parent class reference are provided, allowing the derived class to inherit capabilities from the parent class.

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OOP Week 4 Lecture 2

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Ayesha Tariq

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BS Computer Science 3 rd

Week 4 lecture 2
Inheritance & Types
Inheritance
A programming technique that is used to reuse
an existing class to build new class is known as
inheritance. The new class inherits all the
behavior of the original class. The existing
class that is reused to create a new class is
known as super class, base class or parent
class. The new class inherits the properties
and functions of an existing class is known as
sub class, derived class or child class.
The inheritance relationship between the classes
of a program is called a class hierarchy.
Inheritance is the most power feature of
object oriented programming. The basic
principles of inheritance is that each sub class
shares common properties with the class from
with it is derived. The child class inherits all
capabilities of the parent class and can add its
own capabilities.
Features of inheritance
1. Reusability
Inheritance allows the developer to reuse existing
code in many situation.
2. Saves time and effort
inheritance saves a lot of time and effort to
write the same classes again.
3. Increase program structure and reliabilities
Super class is already complied and tested properly.
Categories of inheritance
1. Single inheritance:
A type of inheritance in which a child class is derived
from single parent class known as single
inheritance.
Parent

Child
2. Multiple inheritance:
A type of inheritance in which a child class is derived
from multiple parent classes is known as multiple
inheritance.

Parent 1 Parent 2

Child
Specifying a derived class
The process of specifying derived class is same
as specifying simple class. Additionally the
reference of parent is specified along with
derived class name to inherit the capabilities
of parent class.
Syntax

class sub_class : specified parent_class

{
//body of the class
}
class bscs
{
private:
int position;
bscs()
{
position = 0;
}
void forward()
{
position++;
}
void output()
{
cout << “Position = ” << position;
}
};
class bscs3 : public bscs
{
public:
void backward()
{
position--;
}
};
void main()
{
bscs3 obj;
obj.output();
obj.forward();
obj.output();
obj.backward();
obj.output();
}