UTILIZE COMMUNITY

RESOURCES FOR SELF AND Ms. Humera Mister

FAMILY
 INTRODUCTION

Community and family resources are dedicated to proactively

assisting individuals, fams and communities achieve healthy
behaviour and lifestyle through advocacy, prevention and treatment of
substance abuse, gambling, old age problems, destitute children,
trauma, and mental illness.
Using community resources can make the difference between
reward and burden, yet self-nurturing usually comes last if at all.
ilie
COMMUNITY SERVICES

Trauma services
Old age homes
Orphanage
Home for physically and mentally challenged
individuals
Home for destitute
 TRAUMA SERVICES
Trauma services refers to the services provided to people who
are the victims of road traffic accidents.
Magnitude of the problem:
 India accounts for nearly 6% of the road accidents globally.
 The accident rate of 35 per thousand vehicles in India is the
highest in the world.
 In India 1 lakh deaths every year takes place affecting the
age group of 20-40 years.
Main strategies in India:
 Ensure definitive treatment for the victim within the golden hour.
 No trauma victim must be transported for more than 50 km and
trauma care facilities should be available at every 100km
upgrading the existing government health care facilities.
 Basic life support ambulances should be available at every 50km
along the highways.
 Launch national injury surveillance system and trauma registry.
 To spread awareness regarding injury prevention and road safety.
Categories / Levels of trauma care:
1. First responder care
2. Basic pre hospital care
3. Advanced pre hospital emergency care
4. Airway management
First responder care:
Interested community persons trained to provide initial first
aid can only offer fastest possible care. Best trauma care is
possible with actions from the bystanders such as stop to help,
call for help, assess the victim, start the breathing, and stop the
bleeding.
Basic pre hospital care:
This care is provided by the community members exposed to
formal training in pre hospital basic life support, scene
management, rescue, stabilization, and transportation of injured
persons.
Advanced pre hospital emergency care:
Advanced life support at pre hospital level is resource intensive
and is expected to be provided by highly skilled medical
professional and paramedical staff.
It includes intravenous fluid therapy, endotracheal intubation and
highly invasive interventions such as needle decompression etc.,
Airway management:
It has been advocated in patients with traumatic brain injury,
cervical spine, or thoracic trauma before evacuation unless the same
can be performed easily enroute. Laryngeal mask airway should be
considered as an alternative to intubation in field situations.
 Trauma services at various levels
Level IV trauma care:
Appropriately equipped and manned mobile hospital /
ambulances are recognized to provide level IV trauma
care
Level III trauma care:
This provides initial evaluation and stabilization to the
trauma patient.
The district hospitals with a bed capacity of 100 – 200
beds serve in level III.
Level III trauma care:
This provides definitive care for severe trauma patients.
Emergency health care professionals are available to the
trauma patients immediately on arrival.
The existing medical college hospitals or hospitals with
bed strength 300 – 500 should be identified as Level II
Trauma Centre.
Level I trauma care:
This provides the highest level of definitive and comprehensive
care for patient with complex injuries.
 Mostly medical college hospitals are selected to provide this
level of care since it needs specialist skill.
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India is
established a National Trauma Registry and Injury Surveillance
System.
All trauma care facilities have to provide all relevant information
to the said Registry in the prescribed format from time to time.
 OLD AGE HOME
Aging is universal and inevitable.
The senior citizens who do not have family support, not
accommodated by relatives, not wanting to stay with the
family due to various reasons, look for old age homes.
Old age homes are safe heavens where old people can
live their lives with dignity and interact with their peers.
 The report by the United Nations Population Fund,
found the number of over 60s will increase from around
100 million in 2012 to more than 300 million by 2050.
Definition of elderly:
Elderly or old age consists of ages nearing or surpassing
the average life span of human beings.
Government of India adopted ‘National Policy on Older
Persons’ in January, 1999, which defines ‘senior citizen’
or ‘elderly’ as a person who is of age 60 years or above.
Types of old age homes:
1. Free old age home
2. Paid old age home.
Free old age home:
It cares for the destitute old people who have no one else
to care for them.
It gives them care, shelter, food, clothing and medical
care.
Paid old age home:
Here, care is provided for a fee.
Now a days such ‘retirement’ homes have become very
popular in India and they are well worth considering.
Needs of old age people:
Good nutrition
Exercise
Economic security
Independence
Companionship
Meaningful activity
Dignified death
Guidelines for establishing old age homes:
Location:
Calm, pollution free environment and all other basic necessities
just as any comfortable housing.
Located in rural or urban setting.
Design:
Dormitory type, independent rooms or cottages depending on
the social and economic status of those who are going to live.
 Well ventilated possibly at the ground floor or else with
sloping ramp for easy passage of wheel chairs.
The toilets and bathrooms should have rough flooring.
 Separate room for sick people who need short term care.
Recreation rooms and rooms for medical care should be built.
Manpower:
Administrator for running the home and supporting staff such as
clerks, cashier cum accountant, nursing staff, attenders, maids and
a cook are the basic required staff for the efficient running of a old
age home.
A part time medical officer, nutritionist and a social worker are
essential members.
Nursing staff and health care workers trained in geriatric care
should be appointed.
Medical care:
All medicines and medical accessories that may be needed
for treatment of the residents should be stored as per advice of
a senior physician.
Drugs should be replaced periodically.
Transport facilities should be available.
Participation:
The residents should be encouraged to participate in the day
to day activities of the home like cooking, maintaining
cleanliness, and periodical celebrations of various festivals
and social events.
Other facilities:
Recreational and reading facilities such as televisions,
video players, newspapers and books should be available.
Other facilities such as active sports like tennis, table
tennis, etc., can be provided.
Telephones, computers and internet services can also be
made available depending on the residents usage.
Advantages of old age homes:
Communication and entertainment facilities will be
provided for the residents.
Apart from food, shelter and medical amenities, old age
homes also provide yoga classes to senior citizens.
Good services and good behaviour of the staff, food
being palatable and wholesome are the main advantages
of old age homes.
Special medical facilities for senior citizens such as
mobile health care systems, ambulances, nurses and
provision of well balanced meals.
Disadvantages of old age homes:
The management is profit driven, patient care is low on
their priorities, employees are poorly trained and badly
paid and not usually treated well.
Lack of facilities as well as lack of care takers in some
old age homes.
Some have to share rooms with others and sometimes
they don’t get along.
Some elders are not taken care of properly.
 ORPHANAGE

An orphan is a child that has lost one or both parents.

Definition: A child who is below 18 years of age and who
has lost one or both parents may be defined as an orphan.
- George, 2011
Maternal orphan is referred to a child who has lost their
mother.
 Paternal orphan is referred to a child who has lost their
father.
Magnitude of orphans:
Global estimation reveals that there are 153 million
children who have lost mother or father.
17.8 millions of them have lost both parents.
The number of orphans in India stands at approximately
55 million children of age between 0 – 12 years, which is
about 47% of the global orphans.
Functions of orphanage:
Taking care of orphan and abandoned children of the
society, providing them with food, clothing, shelter and
education.
Orphanage is to bring these less fortunate children in a
divine environment, inculcate good discipline and shape
them into good citizens.
Sending children to government school, private, English
medium school and providing hostel.
Outgoing picnic.
Evening activities such as outdoor games, indoor games,
self study, home works and sports.
Practice in singing, story telling, drama and dancing.
Celebrating children’s day and national festivals.
Children with trauma healed physically and emotionally.
Malnourished children will get special care and medical
attention.
 HOME FOR PHYSICALLY AND
MENTALLY CHALLENGED
INDIVIDUALS
There are many homes established for physically and
mentally challenged individuals in India.
There are paid homes and unpaid homes providing 24*7
care and training activities.
There are also day care centres where parents or care
taker accompany them and bring them back in the
evening.
Activities of the homes:
Screening of new born babies.
Services to parents of disabled children.
Job oriented training programs.
Promotion of self-help groups.
Parents support groups.
Physiotherapy
Speech therapy
Occupational therapy
Hydrotherapy
Medical care, etc.
Services provided by the institutions:
Formal education
Social and individual education
Vocational training
Treatment
Food
Transportation
Uniforms and books
Tour and educational exchange program
Music therapy
Sports
Case work / family counselling
National Institute for Empowerment of Persons with
Multiple Disabilities (NIEPMD):
Established in the year 2005 in Tamil Nadu.
Services provided here include rehabilitation
medicine, physical therapy, occupational therapy,
sensory integration, early intervention services,
prosthetics and orthotics, special education,
psychological assessments and interventions, etc.
 HOME FOR DESTITUTE
These are homes for people who do not have anybody to care.
These homes mostly provide shelter and food.
This may include men, women, aged and children who do
have family or relatives to take care of them.
Magnitude of the problem:
Worldwide 100 million children and in India 11 million
children are living in the street.
 Majority (89.8%) of children live in the street with their
parents / family.
Categories of street children:
First category: Street living children who have run away
from their families and live alone on the streets. Also
called children ‘off’ the street.
Second category Street working children, who spend most
of their time on the streets feeding for themselves, but
return home on a regular basis. Also called children ‘on’
the street.
Third category Children from street families who live on
the street with their family.
Reason for being street children:
Problems of street children:
Economic reason
Physical violence by their parents
Loose family ties
School failure
Bribed by an adult
Orphaned by an adult
Drought, war, ethnic conflict
Acute / chronic alcoholism
Respiratory tract infection
Drug abuse
Trauma (assault, accidents, burns)
STIs
Diarrheal disease
Leg and ear problems
Mental illness
Strategies to alleviate the problem:
Making health care facilities available.
Street based health education which focus on Family
planning, personal hygiene, STIs, HIV, etc.,
Looking for possibilities to reunite with their families.
Integrated Programme for Street Children was started as
initiatives to help street children to fulfil their rights. The
programme provides food, shelter, nutrition, health care,
education, recreation facilities and protect them against
abuse and exploitation.
Functions of destitute homes:
Provide and promote education on alternative resources.
Promote awareness through training, speech, seminars,
camps and street plays.
Mass media on alternative resources.
Provide industrial education, management education and
training up to top level in the growing world.
Train the youth towards national integration, skill,
leadership, rural development, etc.
Give awareness to women to compete in the modern
world.
Care for old ages and orphans.
Training and exercises for physically and mentally
challenged people.
Minimize alcoholism and rehabilitation facilities for de
addiction.
Impart skill training to adolescent girls and boys and to
create awareness on HIV, AIDS, etc.
Promote and carry on research activities.
Make aware the humanity through seminar, talks,
training camps, etc.
Providing shelter, food and clothes.
Attention to their health and well being.
Support and care to perform activities of daily living.
 Provide social, economic and physical security.
 Improve quality of life and self fulfilment.
Restore self esteem and dignity. Contd.,
THANK
YOU