Lesson 1.1 21st Century Literature PHIL

What is literature?
• This word is derived from the Latin word LITTERA which means letter.
(Brother Azurin)
Literature expresses the feelings of people to society, to the government, to
his surroundings. To his fellowmen, and to his Divine Creator.
(Webster)
Literature is anything that is printed as long as it is related to the ideas and
feelings of the people, whether it is true or just a product of one’s
imagination.
Objective
Identify the geographic, linguistic and ethnic
dimensions of Philippine literary history.
C. HORDISTA
The Evolution of
Philippine Literature
C. HORDISTA
Philippine Literature
• Philippine Literature is diverse and a rich group of works
that has evolved side by side with the country’s history.
However, the evolution of Philippine Literature depended
on the influences of colonization and the spirit of the age.
• It has started with fables and legends made by the
ancient Filipinos.
• Ex. Ang Pagong At Ang Matsing, Ang Langgam at Ang
Tipaklong
• Ex. Ang Alamat ng Pinya, Alamat ni Mariang Makiling
• Ex. Epiko (Biag ni Lam-ang ( Ilocos) Alim and Hudhud
C. HORDISTA
Pre-Colonial Period
• The first Filipino alphabet called BAYBAYIN was
replaced by the Roman alphabet.
C. HORDISTA
•Indigenous Philippine Literature
was based on traditions and
customs of a particular area of
the country.
•Literature were handed down
through word of mouth.
C. HORDISTA
Two Pre-Colonial Philippine Literary
Forms
• Written Literature
1. Riddles or Bugtong.
An effective way to inculcate logical thinking to a child.
2. Epigrams or Salawikain.
It reflects its hidden meaning through the good lines
and provides good values.
3. Poems or Tanaga.
Usual forms of poetry whose forms make it beautiful.
C. HORDISTA
• Oral Literature
1. Chant or Ambahan.
These are songs about nature or childhood, even
during joking, drinking, and many other random
chores.
Ex. Dandansoy,
2. Balagtasan.
It is a Filipino form of debate done in verse. The term was
derived from the surname of Francisco Balagtas, the author
of FLORANTE AT Laura, an epic.
C. HORDISTA
Spanish Colonial Period (1565-1897)
Literary Influences during Spanish Colonization
• Doctrina Christiana was the first book ever printed In the Phillipines by the
Dominican press.
• Libro de la Lengua Tagala by Fernando Bagongbanta. Translated into Spanish.
• Pasyon, influenced by Spanish Christianity but embodies the Filipino value of a
mother’s feeling to a suffering son.
Filipino writers in Spanish became conscious for freedom.

• Pasyon Dapat Ipag-alab ng Puso by Marcelo H. del Pilar expressed his rebellious
writing style.
C. HORDISTA
Literary Influences during Spanish
Colonization
• Pascual Poblete’s Patnubay sa Binyagan
associated Filipinos’ struggle for independence
with Jesus’ life.
• Jose Rizal’s Noli Me Tangere and El
Filibusterismo made very powerful among the
Filipinos the introduction of rejecting Spanish
rule.
C. HORDISTA
American Colonial Period (1898-1945)
• Even Philippine Literature was in English, the
preservation of its content was achieved.
• Short story writers in English like Manuel Arguilla in his
“A Son is Born,” was one of the foundations of the
Philippine Literature,written in English.
 Poetry in English was also founded.
• Sarsuela (stage play influenced by Spaniards) was
overpowered by English drama.
C. HORDISTA
Contemporary Period
• It started during the rebirth of freedom
in 1946-1970.
• The new Fililipino Literature during this
period revived Tagalog literature.
C. HORDISTA
The Period of Activism (1970-1972)
• The irreverence for the poor reached its
peak during this period of the mass
revolution. It was also during this
period that Bomba films that discredit
our ways as Filipinos started to come
out.
C. HORDISTA
The Period of New Society (1972-1980)
• Themes of most poems dealt with patience, regard
for native culture, customs, and beauties of nature
and surroundings.
• The government revived old plays and dramas.
like the tagalog Zarzuela, Cinaculo and the
Embayoka of the Muslims which were presented in
the rebuilt Metropolitan Theatre and the Folk Arts
Theatre.
C. HORDISTA
21 Century Literature
st
(2000-present)
• Literature during this time are characterized as :
gender sensitive
technologically alluding
culturally pluralistic
operates on the extreme reality or extreme fiction
and questions conventions and supposedly absolute
norms.
C. HORDISTA
Examples
• Poetry
• Fiction
• drama creative non-fiction
• hyper poetry
• Blogs
• mobile phone Texttula
• click Lit
• speculative fiction
• flash-fiction
• etc.
ASSIGNMENT:
REVIEW ON THE DISCUSSED LESSON
C. HORDISTA

Lesson 1.1 21st Century Literature PHIL

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What is literature?

Filipino writers in Spanish became conscious for freedom.

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