STATISTICS

AND
PROBABILITY
PREPARED BY: MR. CRESENCIANO Y. VILLAVER, LPT
 FOURTH QUARTER
LESSON 10

IDENTIFYING THE
DIFFERENT RANDOM
SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
 Learning
Objectives

At the end of the lesson,

the learner is able to:
 Learning Objectives

• Define random sampling

• Recognize the value of
randomization as a
defence against bias; and
• Identify different random
sampling technique
 Sampling Techniques
Populations – is the entirety of the group including all the
members that forms a set of data
Sample – Contains a few members of the population. They
were taken to represent the characteristics of traits of the
whole population.
 Random Sampling – It is a sampling method of choosing
representatives from the population wherein every sample
has an equal chance of being selected. Accurate data can be
collected using random sampling techniques
Probability Sampling – Every member Non-Probability Sampling –Not
of the population has a chance of being Every Member of the population has
selected . It involves principle or the equal chance of being selected. It
Random
randomization or chances. Sampling can rely on the subjective judgment of
the researcher

Non-
Probability
Probability
Sampling
Sampling

Simple
Systematic Stratified Cluster Convenience Purposive Snowball Quota Volunteer
Random
Sampling Sampling Sampling Sampling Sampling Sampling Sampling Sampling
Sampling
 Different Types of Probability Sampling

Simple Random Sampling – is the most commonly used

sampling technique wherein each element in the population
has an equal probability of being selected.

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 Different Types of Probability Sampling
Systematic Random Sampling – this can be done by listing all the elements in the
population and selecting every nth/kth element in your population list. This is eqaully
precise as the simple random sampling. It is often used on long population lists. To
determine the interval to be used in identifying the samples to who will participate the
study, use the formula K=N/n (population/sample size)

Example:

Disneyland often surveys its guests as they exit a

restaurant during their visit. The surveyor stands at
the restaurant exit, counts the number of people
leaving, and surveys every 25th guest.

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 Different Types of Probability Sampling
Stratified Random Sampling – is a random sampling wherein the
population is divided into different strata or homogenous partitions or
division. The number will be proportionately picked in each stratum that
is why all strata are presented in the samples.

Example:

A teacher splits her classes into 4

groups. then she randomly picks 1
students from each group to do a
survey.

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 Different Types of Probability Sampling
Cluster Sampling – is a random sampling wherein
population is divided into a clusters or groups and then the
clusters are randomly selected. All elements of the clusters
randomly selected are considered the samples of the study

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 Different Types of Non-Probability Sampling
Convenience Sampling – Selecting a sample based on the
availability of the member and/or proximity to the
researcher.
- Also known as accidental, opportunity or grab sampling.

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 Different Types of Non-Probability Sampling

Purposive Sampling – sample are chosen based on the goals of the

study. They may be chosen based on their knowledge of the study being
conducted of if they satisfy the traits or conditions set by the researcher.

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 Different Types of Non-Probability Sampling

Snowball Sampling - is sometimes called chain-referral sampling. In this

technique, the researcher chooses a possible respondent for the study at hand.
Then each respondent is asked to give recommendations or referrals to other
possible respondents. This is very effective sampling technique, especially when
the suitable participants of the study are hard to find

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 Different Types of Non-Probability Sampling
Volunteer Sampling – sample units are volunteers in
studies wherein the measuring process or troublesome to a
respondent

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 Different Types of Non-Probability Sampling
Quota Sampling – sample units are picked for convenience but
certain quotas are given to interviewers. This design is specially used in
market research. Researchers choose these individuals according to
specific traits or qualities

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GENERALIZATION
 Random
Sampling

Non-
Probability
Probability
Sampling
Sampling

Simple
Systematic Stratified Cluster Convenience Purposive Snowball Quota Volunteer
Random
Sampling Sampling Sampling Sampling Sampling Sampling Sapling Sampling
Sampling

In general, the probability sampling techniques are more

preferred in researches and studies than non-probability
sampling techniques as they ensure the representativeness of the
whole population. Non-probability sampling techniques,
however, are criticized for their lack of randomization and
representative quality.
ASSESSMENT
 Direction: Identify which sampling method is applied in the following
situations
1. The teacher randomly selected 20 boys and 15 girls from a batch of learners to be members of a group
that will go to a field trip
2. Samples of 10 mice are selected at random from a set of 40 mice to test the effects of certain medicine
3. The people in a certain seminar are all members of two of five groups are asked what they think about
the president
4. A barangay health worker asks every four house in the village for the ages of the children living in
those households
5. When Tv Show Hosts Of competitions, such as the American Idol, ask their viewers to send in their
responses for who they think should win the competition.

Answer Key:
1. Stratified Sampling 4. Systematic Sampling
2. Simple Random Sampling 5. Volunteer Sampling
3. Cluster Sampling
 Direction: Identify which sampling method is applied in the following
situations
1.  a researcher seeking to study patterns of informal leadership in a community may ask individuals to
name others who are influential in a community
2. A brand manager of toothpaste asks 10 dentists that have clinic closest to his office whether they use a
particular brand of toothpaste
3. Annie asked some respondents to suggest other possible participants for the research
4. Kyle chose 10 samples from a population of 50 by assigning numbers to each member and then
selecting the members whose assigned numbers are multiples of 5
5. A teacher assigned class number to each student and spin a number roulette to identify the members
of the sample

Answer Key:
1. Snowball Sampling 4. Systematic Sampling
2. Convenience Sampling 5. Simple Random Sampling
3. Snowball Sampling