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CLR Basics

The document discusses the .NET Common Language Runtime (CLR). It provides an overview of the CLR and describes how it functions as a development platform and runtime. The CLR allows software to be written in multiple languages and provides core services like memory management and JIT compilation. It enables cross-platform code execution by compiling code to an intermediate format and managing execution in an OS-abstracted manner.

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rohan deshpande
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57 views23 pages

CLR Basics

The document discusses the .NET Common Language Runtime (CLR). It provides an overview of the CLR and describes how it functions as a development platform and runtime. The CLR allows software to be written in multiple languages and provides core services like memory management and JIT compilation. It enables cross-platform code execution by compiling code to an intermediate format and managing execution in an OS-abstracted manner.

Uploaded by

rohan deshpande
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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.

NET’s CLR

How does it really work?

1 Bhavani Sankar Ikkurthi CS 795 Presentation 05/09/23


Overview
 CLR : Common Language Runtime
 Platform for software development that provides services
by consuming metadata
 Standards based, Component oriented
 What is CLR
 Benefits
 Inside CLR

2 Bhavani Sankar Ikkurthi CS 795 Presentation 05/09/23


CLR BASICS
 Core of .NET vision

3 Bhavani Sankar Ikkurthi CS 795 Presentation 05/09/23


CLR as a development platform
 It provides

4 Bhavani Sankar Ikkurthi CS 795 Presentation 05/09/23


Runtime
 A piece of code written by platform vendor

 Provides services to the software that you write

 Visual Basic Runtime, the SQL Server Engine and the


COM+/MTS runtime.

5 Bhavani Sankar Ikkurthi CS 795 Presentation 05/09/23


Runtime

6 Bhavani Sankar Ikkurthi CS 795 Presentation 05/09/23


Libraries
 CLR's Base Class Library allow us to interact with the
runtime, and provide additional useful functionality.

 How do you take advantage of runtime?

 BCL includes ASP.NET, XML Parser and other


thousands of classes

7 Bhavani Sankar Ikkurthi CS 795 Presentation 05/09/23


Languages
 How do I take advantage of libraries and runtime

 C#, Visual Basic.NET, IL, C++, and JScript.NET

 How is CLR different then??

8 Bhavani Sankar Ikkurthi CS 795 Presentation 05/09/23


Components
 Component oriented programming from Hardware

 Software systems can be built from software components

 Organizing components can ease maintenance

 Every piece of CLR functionality that we run must belong


to a component

9 Bhavani Sankar Ikkurthi CS 795 Presentation 05/09/23


Standards
 A standard is a document that describes a convention or
protocol that everyone agrees to follow

 HTTP standard

 Explicit support for XML and SOAP

 CLI

10 Bhavani Sankar Ikkurthi CS 795 Presentation 05/09/23


.NET is cross-platform
 Compiled .NET apps run on any supported platform:
APP.exe

?
Win64 Win32 WinCE
(XP,2K,98)

11 Bhavani Sankar Ikkurthi CS 795 Presentation 05/09/23


How is cross-platform achieved?
 Cross-platform execution realized in two ways:
 Apps are written against Framework Class Library (FCL),
not underlying OS
 Compilers generate generic assembly language which must be executed by the
Common Language Runtime (CLR)

• Framework Class Library


– 1000's of predefined classes
– common subset across all
platforms & languages
– networking, database access, XML
processing, GUI, Web, etc.
– Goal? FCL is a portable operating
system

12 Bhavani Sankar Ikkurthi CS 795 Presentation 05/09/23


The Common Language Runtime (CLR)
 The CLR defines a common programming model and a standard type system
for cross-platform, multi-language development.”
 All .NET-aware compilers generate Intermediate Language (IL) instructions and
metadata.
 The runtime's Just-in-Time (JIT) compiler convert the IL to a machine-specific
(native) code when an application actually runs.
 Because the CLR is responsible for managing this IL, the code is known as
managed code.

13 Bhavani Sankar Ikkurthi CS 795 Presentation 05/09/23


Intermediate Language (IL)
 All .NET-aware compilers generate Intermediate Language (IL) instructions
and metadata.

14 Bhavani Sankar Ikkurthi CS 795 Presentation 05/09/23


Assemblies
 1 assembly = 1 or more compiled classes
 .EXE represents an assembly with classes + Main program
 .DLL represents an assembly with classes
code.vb
code.vb
code.cs

Development Tools

.EXE / .DLL
assembly

15 Bhavani Sankar Ikkurthi CS 795 Presentation 05/09/23


.NET Application Design
 Monolithic app: all source code compiled into one .EXE
 not the norm on Windows…

APP.exe

• Component-based app: .EXE + one or more .DLLs


– standard practice on Windows…

compute.dll

GUI.exe

data.dll
– team programming
– multi-language development (I like C#, you like C++, he/she likes VB)
– code reuse (e.g. across different .EXEs)
– independent updating (update just component X)
– FCL ships as a set of components!
16 Bhavani Sankar Ikkurthi CS 795 Presentation 05/09/23
CLR-based execution
 Common Language Runtime must be present to execute code:

APP.exe

OS Process

other FCL
JIT Compiler
components

obj code Core


FCL

CLR

Underlying OS and HW

17 Bhavani Sankar Ikkurthi CS 795 Presentation 05/09/23


CLR-based execution revisited
 CLR must be able to locate all assemblies:
.DLL
.EXE .DLL
.DLL

OS Process

other FCL
JIT Compiler
assemblies

obj code Core FCL


obj code
obj code assembly
obj code

CLR

Underlying OS and HW
18 Bhavani Sankar Ikkurthi CS 795 Presentation 05/09/23
mscoree.dll - Common Object Runtime Execution Engine

19 Bhavani Sankar Ikkurthi CS 795 Presentation 05/09/23


Memory Management

20 Bhavani Sankar Ikkurthi CS 795 Presentation 05/09/23


Memory Management

21 Bhavani Sankar Ikkurthi CS 795 Presentation 05/09/23


References
 http://www.theserverside.net/tt/articles/showarticle.tss?
id=DM_CLR

 http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/
8bs2ecf4(VS.71).aspx

 C# and the .NET Platform, Second Edition by Andrew


Troelsen

22 Bhavani Sankar Ikkurthi CS 795 Presentation 05/09/23


23 Bhavani Sankar Ikkurthi CS 795 Presentation 05/09/23

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