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    Wave-Particle Duality

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    Maya
    Planck discovered that light behaves as both a wave and particle, known as wave-particle duality. De Broglie then theorized that if light has wave-particle duality, then particles like electrons may also display wave-like properties. He derived an equation showing that electrons and other particles can be associated with a wavelength, and predicted that electrons may exhibit wave interference and diffraction effects if tested. Experiments demonstrating electron diffraction provided evidence that electrons indeed behave as waves, thus supporting De Broglie's hypothesis of wave-particle duality applying to all microscopic particles.

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    Wave-Particle Duality

    Uploaded by

    Maya
    178 views15 pages
    Planck discovered that light behaves as both a wave and particle, known as wave-particle duality. De Broglie then theorized that if light has wave-particle duality, then particles like electrons may also display wave-like properties. He derived an equation showing that electrons and other particles can be associated with a wavelength, and predicted that electrons may exhibit wave interference and diffraction effects if tested. Experiments demonstrating electron diffraction provided evidence that electrons indeed behave as waves, thus supporting De Broglie's hypothesis of wave-particle duality applying to all microscopic particles.

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    Planck discovered that light behaves as both a wave and particle, known as wave-particle duality. De Broglie then theorized that if light has wave-particle duality, then particles like electrons may also display wave-like properties. He derived an equation showing that electrons and other particles can be associated with a wavelength, and predicted that electrons may exhibit wave interference and diffraction effects if tested. Experiments demonstrating electron diffraction provided evidence that electrons indeed behave as waves, thus supporting De Broglie's hypothesis of wave-particle duality applying to all microscopic particles.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    178 views15 pages

    Wave-Particle Duality

    Uploaded by

    Maya
    Planck discovered that light behaves as both a wave and particle, known as wave-particle duality. De Broglie then theorized that if light has wave-particle duality, then particles like electrons may also display wave-like properties. He derived an equation showing that electrons and other particles can be associated with a wavelength, and predicted that electrons may exhibit wave interference and diffraction effects if tested. Experiments demonstrating electron diffraction provided evidence that electrons indeed behave as waves, thus supporting De Broglie's hypothesis of wave-particle duality applying to all microscopic particles.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
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    Wave-Particle Duality

    The Legacy of Max Planck


    • Before planck, light had been shown to be
    wave motion.
    • Light does things that only waves do
    • E.g. diffraction- this is where light spreads
    out when it passes through a single slit
    Diffraction at a slit
    Only waves behave like this

    A diffraction
    pattern is
    produced when
    laser light passes
    through a fine slit
    Interference
    • Waves interfere with each other, they can
    reinforce each other or cancel each other
    out
    Interference
    • Waves interfere with each other, they can
    reinforce each other or cancel each other
    out
    After Planck
    • Planck had found that light under certain
    circumstances behaved as a stream of
    particles called photons.
    • These particles are as real as electrons.
    • The wave and particle nature of light are
    both real.
    • We need both ideas to explain the
    behaviour of light.
    • This is called wave-particle duality
    De Broglie
    • It was not long before De Broglie asked
    this question:
    • Is it possible that tiny particles like
    electrons could have wave behaviour?
    • Could they even have a wavelength?
    Electrons in atoms

    Electrons which orbit nuclei are a particular problem. Theory said they
    should not do this. Any accelerating electron should release energy
    as photons and should spiral into the nucleus
    The electron as a wave
    • De Broglie suggested
    that the stable orbits
    around an atom
    corresponded with
    whole numbers of
    waves.
    • The regions between
    the orbits could not be
    occupied because a
    whole number of
    waves would not fit.
    The De Broglie Wavelength
    • Theory led De Broglie
    h
    to an equation for the
    wavelength of an 
    electron mv
    λ is the wavelength associated with
    the electron The equation applies to all particles
    but only very small particles like
    h is planck’s constant
    electrons have measurable
    mv is the mass x the velocity of the wavelengths.
    electron ( this is called the
    momentum of the electron)
    Electron Diffraction
    • If electrons have a wavelength theey
    should behave as waves under the right
    circumstances.

    • For instance they should exhibit effects


    like diffraction and interference.
    Electron diffraction
    The wave nature of electrons is
    This was the first electron well established and allows us
    diffraction pattern ever to build electron microscopes
    photographed. The “gaps”
    necessary are so small that they
    are in fact the gaps between
    atoms in a crystal lattice.

    Which use the wave nature of the


    electron to produce images

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