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    Pulmonary Hypertension

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    Ckaye Gansubin
    Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is high blood pressure in the lungs caused by the narrowing of the pulmonary arteries. It makes the heart work harder to pump blood through the lungs. There are 5 groups of PH based on cause, including idiopathic PH (unknown cause), PH from heart disease, PH related to other diseases, PH from lung diseases, and PH from blood clots in the lungs. Symptoms include chest pain, shortness of breath, dizziness and fatigue. Diagnosis involves blood tests, imaging, and right heart catheterization. Treatments include medications, oxygen therapy, and in some cases surgery like lung transplantation.

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    Pulmonary Hypertension

    Uploaded by

    Ckaye Gansubin
    33 views10 pages
    Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is high blood pressure in the lungs caused by the narrowing of the pulmonary arteries. It makes the heart work harder to pump blood through the lungs. There are 5 groups of PH based on cause, including idiopathic PH (unknown cause), PH from heart disease, PH related to other diseases, PH from lung diseases, and PH from blood clots in the lungs. Symptoms include chest pain, shortness of breath, dizziness and fatigue. Diagnosis involves blood tests, imaging, and right heart catheterization. Treatments include medications, oxygen therapy, and in some cases surgery like lung transplantation.

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    Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is high blood pressure in the lungs caused by the narrowing of the pulmonary arteries. It makes the heart work harder to pump blood through the lungs. There are 5 groups of PH based on cause, including idiopathic PH (unknown cause), PH from heart disease, PH related to other diseases, PH from lung diseases, and PH from blood clots in the lungs. Symptoms include chest pain, shortness of breath, dizziness and fatigue. Diagnosis involves blood tests, imaging, and right heart catheterization. Treatments include medications, oxygen therapy, and in some cases surgery like lung transplantation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    33 views10 pages

    Pulmonary Hypertension

    Uploaded by

    Ckaye Gansubin
    Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is high blood pressure in the lungs caused by the narrowing of the pulmonary arteries. It makes the heart work harder to pump blood through the lungs. There are 5 groups of PH based on cause, including idiopathic PH (unknown cause), PH from heart disease, PH related to other diseases, PH from lung diseases, and PH from blood clots in the lungs. Symptoms include chest pain, shortness of breath, dizziness and fatigue. Diagnosis involves blood tests, imaging, and right heart catheterization. Treatments include medications, oxygen therapy, and in some cases surgery like lung transplantation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 10

    PULMONARY

    HYPERTENSION
    VANDAR D. ADJUL
    FREZY SILVESTRE
    WHAT IS CAUSES OF PAH:
    PULMONARY
    HYPERTENSION? - IDIOPATHIC.
    - The word idiopathic describes any disease that
    • PAH is a specific type of high blood develops for unknown reasons. The cause also could
    be genetic—a gene mutation can cause PAH to
    pressure that affects your heart and lungs. develop within families.
    When you have PAH, the blood vessels in
    your lungs become narrower. This means Other factors that can cause or contribute to PAH
    your heart has to work harder to pump include:
     Congestive heart failureBlood clots in the lungs
    blood to your lungs.
     HIV
     Drug use (including methamphetamine or cocaine)
     Liver disease (such as cirrhosis)
     Autoimmune diseases (eg, lupus, scleroderma, or
    rheumatoid arthritis)
     Heart defects
     Lung disease (such as emphysema or chronic
    bronchitis)
     Sleep apnea
    5 Classifications of Pulmonary Hypertension

    Group 1: Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension


    - refers to pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), which is caused when the arteries in the lungs
    become narrowed, thickened or stiff. The right side of the heart must work harder to push blood through
    these narrowed arteries. This extra stress can cause the heart to lose its ability to pump enough blood
    through the lungs to meet the needs of the rest of the body.

    Group 2: PH due to Heart Disease


    - in this group of PH, the arteries and lungs are not as thick or stiff as group 1, but there are problems
    with how the heart squeezes or relaxes, or problems with the valves on the left side of the heart. Because
    of this, the left heart is unable to keep up with the blood returning from the lungs — causing a “backup”
    of blood which raises pressure in the lungs. Group 2 is the most common form of PH.

    Group 3: PH due to Unknown Causes


    - is where PH is secondary to other diseases in ways that are not well understood. These associated
    conditions include, but are not limited to, sarcoidosis, sickle cell anemia, chronic hemolytic anemia,
    splenectomy (spleen removal) and certain metabolic disorders.
    Group 4: PH due to Lung Disease
    - includes PH due to chronic lung disease and/or hypoxia (low oxygen levels). These lung diseases
    include obstructive lung disease where the lung airways narrow and make it harder to exhale (e.g. COPD
    or emphysema); restrictive lung disease in which the lungs have a tough time expanding when one
    inhales (e.g. interstitial lung disease or pulmonary fibrosis); sleep apnea; and living in an area of high
    altitude for a long period of time. Arteries in the lungs tighten so that blood can only go to areas of the
    lungs that are receiving the most air and oxygen. This tightening leads to high blood pressure throughout
    the lungs.

    Group 5: PH due to Blood Clots in the Lungs


    - is called chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). CTEPH can occur when the
    body is not able to dissolve a blood clot in the lungs. This can lead to scar tissue in the blood vessels of
    the lungs, which blocks normal blood flow and makes the right side of the heart work harder. This type
    of PH is unique because it can potentially be cured through pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PTE)
    surgery to remove the blood clots. However, not all CTEPH patients are eligible for this surgery. A drug
    is also available for CTEPH patients if a doctor determines that a patient is not a candidate for the PTE
    surgery or if PH remains after the surgery.
    SIGNS and
    Diagnosis Complications
    SYMPTOMS

    Common symptoms of PAH  Blood Test


    can include the following:  Cardiac Disorders
     Chest X-Ray
     Chest pain  Clot formation or
     Shortness of breath  Electrocardiogram
     Dizziness  Echocardiogram bleeding.
     Fatigue  CT scan  Arrythmia and
     Irregular heartbeat  Pulmonary palpitations.
     Lightheadedness, fainting Angiogram
    Swelling in
    Lower
    Extremities
    Treatment

     Supplemental Oxygen Surgery and procedures for


     Anticoagulants pulmonary hypertension:
     Digoxin  Lung Transplant
     Calcium Channel  Pulmonary
    Blockers Endarterectomy
     Diuretics  Arterial Septostomy

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