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    Glyoxylate Cycle

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    rahul p
    The glyoxylate pathway allows the conversion of fatty acids into glucose in plants. It bypasses two decarboxylation steps in the citric acid cycle. Key steps include the condensation of acetyl CoA and oxaloacetate to form citrate in glyoxysomes, the conversion of succinate to oxaloacetate in mitochondria, and the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to glucose and fructose phosphate in the cytosol. This pathway allows oil-rich seeds to use fatty acids as an energy source and produce carbohydrates needed for seedling growth until photosynthesis begins.

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    Glyoxylate Cycle

    Uploaded by

    rahul p
    60 views8 pages
    The glyoxylate pathway allows the conversion of fatty acids into glucose in plants. It bypasses two decarboxylation steps in the citric acid cycle. Key steps include the condensation of acetyl CoA and oxaloacetate to form citrate in glyoxysomes, the conversion of succinate to oxaloacetate in mitochondria, and the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to glucose and fructose phosphate in the cytosol. This pathway allows oil-rich seeds to use fatty acids as an energy source and produce carbohydrates needed for seedling growth until photosynthesis begins.

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    The glyoxylate pathway allows the conversion of fatty acids into glucose in plants. It bypasses two decarboxylation steps in the citric acid cycle. Key steps include the condensation of acetyl CoA and oxaloacetate to form citrate in glyoxysomes, the conversion of succinate to oxaloacetate in mitochondria, and the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to glucose and fructose phosphate in the cytosol. This pathway allows oil-rich seeds to use fatty acids as an energy source and produce carbohydrates needed for seedling growth until photosynthesis begins.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    60 views8 pages

    Glyoxylate Cycle

    Uploaded by

    rahul p
    The glyoxylate pathway allows the conversion of fatty acids into glucose in plants. It bypasses two decarboxylation steps in the citric acid cycle. Key steps include the condensation of acetyl CoA and oxaloacetate to form citrate in glyoxysomes, the conversion of succinate to oxaloacetate in mitochondria, and the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to glucose and fructose phosphate in the cytosol. This pathway allows oil-rich seeds to use fatty acids as an energy source and produce carbohydrates needed for seedling growth until photosynthesis begins.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 8

    GLYOXYLATE PATHWAY

    Rahul p
    2nd MSc Botany
    What is glyoxylate pathway

     In citric acid cycle oxaloacetate has only one fate.


     But oxaloacetate can be converted to glucose.
     The two decarboxylation steps before the formation of OAA is not present in
    glyoxylate cycle.
    Steps

     The reactions takes place inside 3 different sites


    A. Glyoxysome
    B. Mitochondria
    C. Cytosol
    GLYOXYSOME

    1. Acetyl CoA produced after  beta oxidation of fatty acids condensed with
    oxaloacetic acid to form citric acid.
    Acetyl CoA + Oxaloacetic acid → Citric acid
    2. Citric acid is dehydrated to produce cis-aconitic acid in the presence of
    aconitase.
    Citric acid → Cis aconitic acid
    3. Cis aconitic acid reacts with one molecule of H2O to form iso-citric acid
    Cis aconitic acid + H2O → iso citric acid
    4. Iso citric acid is broken down in to glyoxylic acid and succinic acid by the
    enzyme iso citratase.
    Iso citric acid → glyoxylic acid + succinic acid
    5. Glyoxylic acid combines with acetyl CoA in the presence of malate
    synthetase to produce malic acid.
    Glyoxylic acid + acetyl CoA → malic acid + CoA
    6. Malic acid is oxidised in to oxaloacetic acid in the presence of malic dehydrogenase and the
    co-enzyme NAD.
    Malic acid + NAD → Oxaloacetic acid
    Thus the cycle is completed and again OAA combines with acetyl CoA.

    B. MITOCHONDRION

    7. Succinic acid formed from the iso-citric acid moves into Mitochondrion and is converted
    into OAA as in the Kreb’s cycle.
    Succinic acid → OAA
    8. OAA produced in the above reaction is decarboxylated in the presence of ATP to form
    phosphoenol pyruvic acid.
    OAA + ATP → PEP

    C. CYTOSOL

    9. Phosphoenol pyruvic acid moves into cytosol and by the reverse reaction of glycolysis
    converted into glucose and fructose phosphate.
    10. Glucose and Fructose phosphate are converted into sucrose.

    After the conversion of fats into carbohydrates completed glyoxysomes get disappeared from
    the cell.
    ADDED POINTS

     It is prominent in oil rich seeds like sun flower, Cucumber, caster beans.

     The carbohydrates power seedling growth untill the cells can begin photosynthesis.

     Thus, Organisms with glyoxylate cycle gain a metabolic versatility because they can use acetyl
    CoA as a precursor of glucose.

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