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POLYNOMIALS

This document defines key terms related to polynomials. A polynomial is an algebraic expression with whole number exponents where terms consist of numerical coefficients multiplied by variables. Polynomials are classified based on the number of terms as monomial, binomial, trinomial, or multinomial and by degree as constant, linear, quadratic, cubic, etc. Standard form arranges a polynomial's terms from highest to lowest degree with the leading term having the highest exponent.

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53 views11 pages

POLYNOMIALS

This document defines key terms related to polynomials. A polynomial is an algebraic expression with whole number exponents where terms consist of numerical coefficients multiplied by variables. Polynomials are classified based on the number of terms as monomial, binomial, trinomial, or multinomial and by degree as constant, linear, quadratic, cubic, etc. Standard form arranges a polynomial's terms from highest to lowest degree with the leading term having the highest exponent.

Uploaded by

rojanie cacait
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POLYNOMIALS

Pre-requisite Concepts: Constants, Variables,


Algebraic expressions
Definition of Terms
 Numerical coefficient is the constant/
number.
 Literal coefficient is the variable including

its exponent.
 Degree is the highest exponent or the

highest sum of exponents of the variables


in a term.
Example:
 In 3x2 – x + 5, the degree is 2.
 In 3x2y3 – x4y3 the degree is 7.
Definition of Terms
 Similar Terms are terms having the same
literal coefficients.
Example:
 3x2 and -5x2 are similar because their
literal coefficients are the same.
 5x and 5x2 are NOT similar because
their literal coefficients are NOT the
same.
 2x3y2 and –4x2y3 are NOT similar
because their literal coefficients are NOT
the same.
POLYNOMIAL
 a kind of algebraic expression
where each term is a constant, a
variable or a product of a constant
and variable in which the variable
has a whole number (non-negative
number) exponent. A polynomial
can be a monomial, binomial,
trinomial or a multinomial.
An algebraic expression is NOT a
polynomial if:
1) the exponent of the variable is
NOT a whole number {0, 1, 2, 3..}.
Ex: x1/2 ; x0.55
2) the variable is inside the radical
sign.
Ex: √3x ; √x2
3) the variable is in the denominator.
Ex: 2/x ; 5/x3
Kinds of Polynomial according to the number
of terms:
1) Monomial – is a polynomial with
only one term. Ex: x2 ; 3x
2) Binomial – is polynomial with
two terms. Ex: 3x+2 ; x-x2
3) Trinomial – is a polynomial with
three terms. Ex: x3+2x2-10
4) Polynomial – is a polynomial with
four or more terms.
Ex: x8-7x5+6x2-8
Kinds of Polynomial according to its degree:
1) Constant – a polynomial of degree zero.
Ex: 3; 10; 99
2) Linear – a polynomial of degree one.
Ex: x+3; 7-x; 5x+100
3) Quadratic – a polynomial of degree two
Ex: 2x2-10
4) Cubic – a polynomial of degree three
Ex: x3+2x2-10
5) Quartic – a polynomial of degree four
Ex: 6x4-2x3+9x2-3
6) Quintic – a polynomial of degree five
Ex: x5-9x4-x3+2x2-7
 A polynomial is in Standard Form if
its terms are arranged from the term
with the highest degree, up to the
term with the lowest degree.
 The first term is called the Leading

Term, the numerical coefficient of the


leading term is called the Leading
Coefficient and the exponent or the
sum of the exponents of the variable
in the leading term is the Degree of
the polynomial.
For Example:
The standard form of
2x2 – 5x5 – 2x3 + 3x – 10 is
-5x5 – 2x3 + 2x2 + 3x – 10.
 The terms -5x5 is the leading term,
 -5 is its leading coefficient; and
 5 is its degree.
 It is a quintic polynomial because
its degree is 5.
ACTIVITY 1:
Direction: Tell whether the given expression is a
polynomial or not. If it is a polynomial, determine its
degree and tell its kind according to the number of
terms. If it is NOT, explain why.
ACTIVITY 1: Complete the table

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