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Unit 4 Spatial Big Data

Spatial big data refers to large and complex sets of geospatial data that are difficult to process using traditional data processing applications. It is characterized by volume, variety, and velocity. Spatial big data comes from many sources like satellites, drones, vehicles, and mobile devices. It includes data types like speed data for road segments and GPS trace data from cell phones. The current state of spatial big data is one of rapid growth, driven by more location sensors and IoT devices. While it enables improved decision making and real-time monitoring, spatial big data also faces challenges regarding data quality, privacy, skills shortage, and cost.

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45 views14 pages

Unit 4 Spatial Big Data

Spatial big data refers to large and complex sets of geospatial data that are difficult to process using traditional data processing applications. It is characterized by volume, variety, and velocity. Spatial big data comes from many sources like satellites, drones, vehicles, and mobile devices. It includes data types like speed data for road segments and GPS trace data from cell phones. The current state of spatial big data is one of rapid growth, driven by more location sensors and IoT devices. While it enables improved decision making and real-time monitoring, spatial big data also faces challenges regarding data quality, privacy, skills shortage, and cost.

Uploaded by

Serna Alvarado Cyrus
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Unit 4:

Spatial Big Data


By:

Benjamin, Jorge Neil V.


Domingo, Sunny B.
At the end of the unit, the student must have:

Objectives:

1. Explained the concept of spatial big data


2. Enumerate the characteristics of big data
3. Discussed the current state of spatial big data
4. Evaluated the pros and cons of spatial big data
Spatial
Data
● All types of data objects or elements that have geographical information present

● Enables the global finding and locating of individuals or devices

● Also known as geospatial data, spatial information, geographic information


Spatial
Data
Raster data

● Geoimages (obtained by satellites for example)


● 3D objects

Vector data

● Points, Lines, Polygons

Graph data

● Road networks (an edge = a road segment and a node = intersection)


● Topological coverage
Topological
Coverage

Contains both the location and attribute data


Spatial Big
Data
Spatial Big Data exceeds the capacity of commonly used spatial computing
systems

● due to volume, variety and velocity

Spatial Big Data comes from many different sources

● satellites, drones, vehicles, geosocial networking services, mobile

devices, cameras. A significant portion of big data is in fact spatial big data
Types of Spatial Big
Data
● Speed every minute for every
road-segment
● GPS trace data from cell-
phones
● Engine measurements of fuel
consumption (can be estimated from
fuel
levels, distance travelled and engine idling from
engine RPM)
● Greenhouse gas emissions
CHARACTERISTIC OF BIG DATA
Big data is a collection of data from many different sources and is often
describe by five characteristics: volume, value, variety, velocity, and
veracity.

1. Volume – Volume refers to the huge amounts of data that is collected


and generated every second in large organizations. This data is
generated from different sources such as IoT devices, social media,
videos, financial transactions, and customer logs.
2. Variety – It refers to the different sources of data and their nature.
The sources of data have changed over the years. Earlier, it was only
available in spreadsheets and databases. Nowadays, data is present
in photos, audio files, videos, text files, and PDFs.
3. Velocity – This term refers to the speed at which the data is created or
generated.

4. Value – Among the characteristics of Big Data, value is perhaps the


most important. No matter how fast the data is produced or its amount, it
has to be reliable and useful.

5. Veracity – Veracity is one of the characteristics of big data analytics


that denotes data inconsistency as well as data uncertainty.
Current state of spatial big data
Spatial big data is currently in a state of rapid growth and development.
With the increasing availability of location-based sensors, the Internet of
Things (IoT), and mobile devices, the volume of spatial data is growing at an
exponential rate. According to estimates, the amount of spatial data
generated worldwide is expected to reach 175 zettabytes by 2025.In
addition, advances in technology have made it easier to collect, store,
process, and analyze spatial big data. The development of cloud computing,
artificial intelligence, machine learning, and data visualization tools have
made it possible to process large amounts of spatial data quickly and
efficiently. This has led to the emergence of new applications and use cases
for spatial big data in various industries.
Spatial big data is being used to solve a wide range of problems such as
predicting natural disasters, improving traffic management, enhancing
precision agriculture, and providing location-based services. Governments,
private organizations, and research institutions are all investing heavily in
spatial big data to gain insights into patterns and trends related to location.

Despite the significant progress in the field of spatial big data, there are still
several challenges that need to be addressed. These include issues related to
data quality, privacy, and security. In addition, there is a shortage of skilled
professionals who can work with spatial big data, which is limiting the
adoption of spatial big data in some industries.
Pros:
Improved decision-making: Spatial big data can be used to gain insights
into patterns and trends related to location.

Real-time monitoring: Spatial big data can be used to monitor and


analyze real-time events such as traffic congestion, natural disasters, and
weather patterns.

Enhanced customer experience: Spatial big data can be used to create


personalized experiences for customers by providing location-based
services and targeted advertising.

Innovation: Spatial big data has the potential to drive innovation in


various fields such as agriculture, healthcare, and energy by providing
insights into location-based patterns and trends.
Cons:
Privacy concerns: Spatial big data contains sensitive information such as
location data, which can be misused if it falls into the wrong hands.

Data quality issues: Spatial big data is often sourced from various devices
and sensors, which can lead to data quality issues such as incomplete or
inaccurate data.

Technical challenges: Analyzing and managing spatial big data requires


specialized tools and expertise, which can be a challenge for organizations
that lack the necessary resources.

Cost: Collecting, storing, and analyzing spatial big data can be expensive,
especially for small organizations that lack the necessary resources.
Questions?

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