UNIT 2:

Automation and Robotics

Objectives

 At the end of the unit, the student must have:

 1. Understood the concept of automation and robotics
 2. Identified the current state of automation and robotics
 3. Perceived the pros and cons in using automation and robotics
 4. Generalized the impact of integrating automation and
robotics in the industry
What is Automation?

 the use of largely automatic equipment in a

system of manufacturing or other production
process.
 "unemployment due to the spread of automation”
 Automation is a term for technology applications where human input is minimized
 "the creation and application of technology to monitor and control the production
and delivery of products and services.”
Automation!


the technique of making an apparatus, a
 “

process, or a system operate automatically.” We

define automation as "the creation and application
of technology to monitor and control the
production and delivery of products and services.”
What is automation in technology?

The application of technology,

programs, robotics or processes to
achieve outcomes with minimal
human input.
 Why do we need automation?

 Automation can keep your process in-house, improve

process control and significantly reduce lead times
compared to outsourcing or going overseas.
Automation solutions are based on your unique needs and
goals and pay for themselves quickly due to lower
operating costs, reduced lead times, increased output and
more.
What is best example of Automation?

 Cars which use technology, cameras and

artificial intelligence to drive. Though self-
driving cars are not without risk of crashing, they
can be set up with a higher standard of safety than
your average human driver, who will get tired and
make mistakes.
What are the 4 types of Automation?

 There are four types of automation systems: fixed automation, programmable automation,
flexible automation and integrated automation.
 Fixed Automation. ...
 Programmable Automation. ...
 Flexible Automation. ...
 Integrated Automation.
Why is automation important in the future?

The role of automation is to take care

of the tasks that machines can do
better than us, removing human error
and allowing for scalability.
How automation can change the world?

 Making Processes Faster and More Efficient

Paired with increased productivity, automation

offers the following benefits: Labor cost savings.
Improved safety. Enhanced quality.
 What is robotics?

the branch of technology that

deals with the design,
construction, operation, and
application of robots.
 What is an example of robotics?

 Examples are the robot dog Aibo, the Roomba

vacuum, AI-powered robot assistants, and a
growing variety of robotic toys and kits.
Disaster Response: These robots perform
dangerous jobs like searching for survivors in
the aftermath of an emergency.
What is the main purpose of a robot?

 Robotsare widely used in manufacturing,

assembly, packing and packaging, mining,
transport, earth and space exploration, surgery,
weaponry, laboratory research, safety, and the
mass production of consumer and industrial
goods.
What are the benefits of robots?

 In many situations robots can increase productivity, efficiency,

quality and consistency of products:
 Unlike humans, robots don't get bored.
 Until they wear out, they can do the same thing again and again.
 They can be very accurate – to fractions of an inch (as is needed for
example in manufacturing of microelectronics)
Why are robots important now a days?

 Robots eliminate dangerous jobs for humans because

they are capable of working in hazardous environments.
They can handle lifting heavy loads, toxic substances and
repetitive tasks. This has helped companies to prevent
many accidents, also saving time and money.
What is the impact of robotics?

 Robots can have a huge impact on a wide range of fields,

such as: Military operations, mainly in the area of
transport and search & rescue. Industrial manufacturing,
for taking care of assembly line tasks. Agricultural
production, where drones take care of weed control,
seeding, and soil analysis.
Why is it important to learn robotics?

 The importance of learning robotics is that it helps your

children to experience a sense of pride and success.
Especially when they succeed in building their projects
and making them work in the real world. If the kid starts
learning robotics at a young age, it will be more
advantageous in building self-confidence.
Will robots make our life better?

 Robots can improve our quality of life and

make the world better, not by replacing
humans, but by working effectively together.
Researchers at MIT Sloan and MIT CSAIL are
exploring how robotics has the potential to power
the economy and improve the quality of our lives
 What is the most important skills in
robotics?

 Problem Solving Skills. Knowing how to design and

build a functioning technical system is important in
robotics, but it's also important to be able to figure out
why the system is not working properly. If it is a
mechanical issue, you should be able to apply the best
practices to repair or solve the problem.
Can robot save Humans?

After earthquakes, accidents, avalanches or

explosions, robots can take the place of
their human teammates, cutting risk to
human life and helping boost the chances
of rescuing victims.
Who is smarter Humans or Robots?

 Computers commonly outperform humans for

tasks involving convergent thinking. Thanks to
their superior memory capacity and processing
power, they can thrash us at rules-based games
(chess, Go et al) and complex calculations.
Pros and cons of robotics and automation?

 Pros and Cons of Integrating Robotics in Manufacturing

 Pro: Improved Productivity & Efficiency. ...
 Pro: Improved Quality. ...
 Pro: Easily Integrate with Conveyors. ...
 Pro: Increased Flexibility. ...
 Pro: Increased ROI. ...
 Con: High initial investment. ...
 Con: Expertise can be scarce. ...
 Con: Technology Limitations.
 Pros and cons of robotics and automation?

Advantages Disadvantages

Increased productivity Needs large capital expenditure

More efficient use of materials Can become redundant

Better product quality Could introduce new safety hazards

Improved safety Still requires human intervention

What is the impact of automation in
industry?

 Workers who can work with machines are more

productive than those without them; this reduces
both the costs and prices of goods and services,
and makes consumers feel richer. As a result,
consumers spend more, which leads to the
creation of new jobs.
What is the impact of robotics in industry?

 Robots can have a huge impact on a wide range of fields,

such as: Military operations, mainly in the area of
transport and search & rescue. Industrial manufacturing,
for taking care of assembly line tasks. Agricultural
production, where drones take care of weed control,
seeding, and soil analysis.