Atomic Absorption Spectros
Atomic Absorption Spectros
Atomic Absorption Spectros
SPECTROSCOPY
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INTRODUCTON:
Atomic absorption spectroscopy is deals with
the absorption of specific wave length of of
radiation by neutral atoms in the ground state.
This phenomenon is similar to UV
spectroscopy, where absorption of radiation by
molecules occur.
Neutral atoms are obtained by spraying the
sample solution of element using a burner.
Specific wavelength of radiation is generated
by using a hollow cathode lamp. for
determination of every element , separate
hollow cathode lamp is required.
PRINCIPLE:
When solution of metalic salt is sprayed on to a
flame, fine droplets are formed , due to the
thermal energy of the flame , the solvent in the
flame is evaporated , leaving a fine residue, which
are converted to neutral atoms.
These neutral atoms absorb radiation of specific
wavelength , emitted by hollow cathode
lamp(HCL).hollow cathode lamp is filled with the
vapour of element , which gives specific
wavelength of radiation.
For the determination of every element, hollow
cathode lamp is selected, which contains vapour
of the element to be analysed although this
appear to be demerits of AAS , specificities can be
achieved only by the use of HCL.
The intensity of light absorbed by the neutral
atom is directly proportion to the concentration
of the element and obeys Beer's law over a
wide concentration range.
The intensity of radiation absorbed by neutral
atoms is measured using photometric
detectors (PMT)
In AAS the temperature of the flame is not
critical , since the thermal energy of flame
isused to atomise the sample solution to fine
droplets , to form a fine residue and later to
neutral atoms.
The exitation of neutral atoms is brought about
only by radiation from hollow cathode lamp
and not by the thermal energy of the flame.
INSTRUMENTATION
HOLLOW CATHODE LAMP
Chemical interference
Ionic interference
Matrix interference
Solvent interference