SETTING-UP

COMPUTER
NETWORKS
(SUCN)
 What is a Network?

A network is consisting of 2 or
more computers connected together
and  can communicate and share
resources (e.g., information).
computers are connected in a
network to exchange information
and data, can also use resources of
other computers.
 Computer networks component

1. SERVER
 A server is a computer program or device that provides a
service to another computer program and its user, also
known as the client.

2. CLIENT
 Computer that uses the services that a server
provides the client that less powerful than a
server.
  client is any computer hardware or software device that
requests access to a service provided by a server .
3. MEDIA
 A physical connection between the devices on a
network.

4. NETWORK ADAPTER
- the component of a computer's internal hardware that
is used for communicating over a network with another
computer. It enables a computer to connect with another
computer, server or any networking device over a local area
network (LAN) connection.
5. Resources – anything available to a client on the network
is considered a resource printers, data, fax
devices, and other network devices and information are
resources.

6. User- any persons that uses a client to access resources on

the network.

7. Protocols- these are the written rules used for

communication. They are the languages that computers use to
talk to each other on network.
Different types of computer Network

 LAN ( Local Area Network)

 MAN ( Metropolitan Area Network)
 SAN ( Storage Area Network)
 WAN ( Wide Area Network)
 VPN (Virtual Private Network)
1. LAN ( Local Area Network)
A local area network is a computer network that
interconnects computers within a limited area such as a
residence, school, laboratory, university campus or office
building.

2. MAN ( Metropolitan Area Network)

a larger network that usually spans several buildings in
the same city or town. The IUB network is an example of
a MAN.
3. SAN ( Storage Area Network)
a network of storage devices that can be
accessed by multiple servers or computers,
providing a shared pool of storage space. Each
computer on the network can access storage on
the SAN as though they were local disks connected
directly to the computer.
4. WAN ( Wide Area Network)
a wide-area network (WAN) is a collection of local-
area networks (LANs) or other networks that
communicate with one another.

5. VPN (Virtual Private Network)

A virtual private network extends a private network
across a public network and enables users to send
and receive data across shared or public networks as
if their computing devices were directly connected to
the private network.
 Occupational health and safety (OHS)
policy –An Information and
Communication Technology (ICT) student
should know how to behave when
working in the computer laboratory, and
how to implement a safe way of
accomplishing every task. Safety
Safety practices should be learned early and
always adhered to in working with any
Precautions electrical and electronic device,
including personal computers and its
peripherals. This is for your protection
as well as to the people working with
you, and for the devices that you are
using. The basis for this process begins
with Occupational Health and Safety
Policies.
Occupational Safety and Health (OSH)
is a planned system of working to prevent
illness and injury where you work by
recognizing and identifying hazards and risks.
Health and safety procedure is the
responsibility of all persons in the computer
and technology industries. You must identify
the hazards where you are working and
decide how dangerous they are. Eliminate the
hazard or modify the risk that it presents.
5S Principle
Install network cables

What is network cabling?
Network cables are used to
connect and transfer data and
information between computers,
routers, switches and storage
area networks . These cables are
essentially the carrier or media
through which data flows.
Network tools, Equipment, Materials, and Testing
devices.

Network Tools
1. Crimping tool
2. wire stripper
3. Cable tester/network tester
 Network Tools
1. Crimping tool
A crimp tool is a tool that
is used to join or connect two
pieces of material by using
compression to form a
connecting bond. 
2. Wire stripper
Wire strippers are a
hand-held tool also known
as cable strippers which are
designed to remove insulation
or outer sheath from electrical
wires and cables.
A cable tester is an electronic device
used to verify the electrical connections
in a signal cable or other wired
assembly. Basic cable testers are
continuity testers that verify the existence
of a conductive path between ends of the
cable, and verify the correct wiring of
connectors on the cable.
Network equipment

1. Patch panel
2. hub
3. Wireless router
 Network equipment

1. Patch panel
A patch panel is a piece of hardware with
multiple ports that helps organize a group of
cables. Each of these ports contains a wire that
goes to a different location.  Patch panels can be
quite small, with just a few ports, or very large,
with many hundreds of ports
2. network hub
A network hub is a device that allows multiple
computers to communicate with each other over a
network. The computers connect through
ethernet ports built into the network hub.
Typically, hubs contain between four and 12
ethernet ports. These devices are best suited for
small local area networks (LAN).
Wireless router
Wireless routers are commonly found in homes --
they're the hardware devices that Internet service
providers use to connect you to their cable or xDSL
Internet network. A wireless router, also called a
Wi-Fi router, combines the networking functions of
a wireless access point and a router.
Network PPE
1. Protective eyewear
2. gloves
3. working clothes
Network materials
1. RJ45
2. Network cable
NETWORK CABLE

 Cable is the medium through which

information usually moves from one
network devices to another
 there are several types of cable and how
they are related tot other aspect of a
network is necessary for the development
of a successful network.
unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cable

1.Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)

Cable. UTP stands for Unshielded
Twisted Pair cable. UTP cable is a 100
ohm copper cable that consists of 2 to
1800 unshielded twisted pairs
surrounded by an outer jacket. They
have no metallic shield. This makes the
cable small in diameter but unprotected
against electrical interference. The
twist helps to improve its immunity to
electrical noise and EMI.
 shielded twisted
Pair (STP) cable
2.Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) Cable. Often
abbreviated STP, a type of copper telephone
wiring in which each of the two copper
wires that are twisted together are coated
with an insulating coating that functions as a
ground for the wires. The extra covering in
shielded twisted pair wiring protects the
transmission line from electromagnetic
interference leaking into or out of the cable.
STP cabling often is used in Ethernet
networks, especially fast data rate Ethernets.
Fiber optic cable 3.Fiber Optic Cable.
A fiber-optic cable, also known as an optical-
fiber cable, is an assembly similar to an
electrical cable, but containing one or more
optical fibers that are used to carry light. The
optical fiber elements are typically
individually coated with plastic layers and
contained in a protective tube suitable for the
environment where the cable will be
deployed. Different types of cable[1] are used
for different applications, for example, long
distance telecommunication, or providing a
high-speed data connection between different
parts of a building.
 Coaxial cable

Coaxial cable, or coax is a

type of electrical cable
consisting of an inner
conductor surrounded by a
concentric conducting shield,
with the two separated by a
dielectric; many coaxial
cables also have a protective
outer sheath or jacket.
CABLE INSTALLATION GUIDE

Straight through Cable – connected from PC to

switch/hub

Crossover cable – connected from PC to PC limited to

two computers only
 RJ-45
Stands for Registered jacks. These
are used in telephone and data
jack wiring registered with FCC.
Wiring tandards for RJ45
1. T568A
2. T568B
 1. Initial
considerations
and planning
2. Required
tools,
equipment's
and materials
 3. Measure
and run the
cables
4. Connect
the wires to
the patch
panel
 strip the sheath
a. Remove the cable
sheath 2.54 cm (1
inch) from the end
of the cable
 position wires in
data jack
a. Position the wires
in the proper
channels on the RJ45
jack maintaining the
twist as close to the
jack as possible.
5. Test the data jack and patch panel
termination

01 02 03
Obtain two straight- connect one end of one insert the opposite ends
through ethernet patch of the straight-through of the two cables into a
cables and verify they ethernet patch cables to simple cable tester and
both function properly the data jack outlet and check for continuity
using a simple cable one end of the other from end to end through
tester. straight-through cable to both patch cables.
the jack at the patch
panel.
 Make sure the stripper is adjusted properly on a scrap piece of
cable. The stripper should be adjusted to only score the jacket
to make removing it easier and not nick the twisted pair.
6. Connect
the wires to Straighten the pairs out completely and lay them over the top of
the keystone jack noting the color pattern for the 568b wiring.

the modular Keeping the pairs as twisted as possible press the wire into the
correct groove with your thumbs. If you completely straighten
box the wires to run them through the jack you will risk cross talk
between the pairs.

Using a punch down tool punch the wires down into the blades
built into the keystone jack.
7. Connect to the internet

a. Connect network switch/hub to the patch panel using

cross-over cable base on the network topology

b. connect the wireless router to the network hub & to the

modem using cross-over cable base on the network topology

c. Connect your pc on the modular box using straight-

through cable.
 Network
configuration
Is the process of setting a
networks controls, flow and
operation to support the
network communication of an
organization and or network
owner. This broad term
incorporates multiple
configuration and set up
processes on network hardware,
software and other supporting
devices and components
 How to Configure a Static IP
Address in Windows 7
Set network Windows 7, as with many of the different operating
configuration systems available, has a number of different network
functions which can be configured. 12 Sometimes in
order to gain connectivity in certain networks where
a DHCP server is not running, the configuration of a
static IP address is required. The steps required to
setup up a static IP address are rather
straightforward, but the process is a bit different
from Windows Vista and XP.
Let’s go through the steps now and configure a static
IPv4 address in Windows 7.
There are several views
which are available for
the control panel; by
default, the category view
is used. When using the
category view the option
that you need to select is
called View network
status and Tasks, as
highlighted below. This
will bring you to the
Network and Sharing
Center.
Once in the Network Connections window, an interface must be
selected which is going to be configured with the static IP address. In
the following example, both a 14 wired and wireless interface is shown
as examples. For the purposes of this article the wired interface will be
used as the interface being given a static IP Address.
Once the properties option is selected the interface properties windows
will be displayed. This screen gives the option to configure a number of
different network parameters. Since we want to change the interface
IPv4 IP address this option must be selected from the window. Once this
option is selected the properties button will be enabled; press the
properties button.
 In order to change to a static IP address the option to Use the
following IP address must be selected; once this is done the
option to enter the IP address parameters is enabled and the
Use the following DNS server addresses option is selected.
 For the purpose of this article the IP address 192.168.1.100 is
used with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 and a default
gateway of 192.168.1.1. The DNS server which will be
configured is 4.2.2.2.
 Once these options have been entered on the screen simply
press Ok on both property screens and the configuration of a
static IP is complete.
HOMEGROUP Configuration in Windows 7

Once this option is selected, the HomeGroup window is
displayed. The first computer to be configured with a
HomeGroup will be given the option to create a homegroup.
Once a HomeGroup is configured on a network it will actively
broadcast its existence to the other computers on the network
(HomeGroup requires IPv6 to be enabled)
 Once a HomeGroup has been created on a network, all other
participating computers must join it. In order to join the
HomeGroup.
Windows 7 Network Locations aka Profiles

Another feature which can be used with Windows 7 is network
location. Every time a new network connection is established,
a prompt will be given to select what type of location the new
network connection is. The three options are Home, Work and
Public.
 When using the Home location, network discovery and
HomeGroup are enabled which allows the easy networking of
Windows machines. The Work location is similar to the Home
location but disables the use of the HomeGroup functionality.
The Public location is the most secure and disables the various
sharing functionalities which are enabled then in the other
locations.
How to Change the Name of Your Windows Computer
Here are three routes you can take to open up
System Properties:
• Type sysdm.cpl into the start menu search box
(quickest)
• Right-click on the Computer option on the start
menu or in My Computer.
• Open Control Panel, and go to System and
Maintenance, and then System.
If you choose one of the last two options, then you’ll
need to click on Advanced System Settings on the left
menu:
Click on the “Change” button to rename the computer, which will pop up this dialog:
Addressing in networking
A network address is an identifier for a node or host on a
telecommunications network. "Network Address" and "Broadcast
Address" are the first and last address of a subnet. It is used for
routing purposes.
What is IP Address?
The Internet Protocol Address is a unique address that computing
devices such as personal computers and tablets use to identify
itself and communicate with other devices in the IP network.
(MAC) address is assigned to the host Network Interface Card
(NIC) and is known as the physical address.
5. Click Share. After a few moments, the wizard displays a page
6. In the final step of the wizard, you can do any of the following:
• Send an e-mail message to the people with whom you’re sharing.
The message includes a link to the shared file or folder.
• Copy the network path to the Clipboard. This is handy if you want to
send a link via instant messenger or another application. 22
• Double-click a share name to open the shared item.
• Open a search folder that shows all of the folders or files you’re
sharing.
7. When you’re finished with these tasks, click done. Creating a share
requires privilege elevation. But, after a folder has been shared, the
shared folder is available to network users no matter who is logged on
to your computer—or even when nobody is logged on.
Set router/Wi-fi/wireless access
point/repeater configuration

WHAT IS A ROUTER?
A router is a network device that
connects a local network to the internet.
From its root word route, it routes data
from one network to another based on
their IP address. Therefore, it is what
you need in order for the data in your
group’s network to be transmitted
outside your local network and at the
same time access the information
superhighway, the internet.
How does a router work?
When a router receives data packets from other networks, it inspects the
data’s IP address. It then determines if the data is meant for its own
network or for another network. When the router determines that the
data is for its own network, it receives the data. If it determines that the
data is not for its own network, it sends it off to another network. The
router is then the gateway of your network. It serves as an entrance and
exit of data in your network.
Inspect and test the configured computer
networks