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Index Laws

The document provides information on index laws and working with indices. It includes 4 learning objectives: 1) estimating answers involving indices, 2) multiplying terms with the same base, 3) dividing terms with the same base, and 4) simplifying terms with negative indices. The document then presents 5 laws of indices and provides examples of applying each law, such as adding/subtracting powers when multiplying/dividing terms with the same base. It concludes with more challenging examples involving negative indices and raising powers to other powers.

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Virginia Morley
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145 views23 pages

Index Laws

The document provides information on index laws and working with indices. It includes 4 learning objectives: 1) estimating answers involving indices, 2) multiplying terms with the same base, 3) dividing terms with the same base, and 4) simplifying terms with negative indices. The document then presents 5 laws of indices and provides examples of applying each law, such as adding/subtracting powers when multiplying/dividing terms with the same base. It concludes with more challenging examples involving negative indices and raising powers to other powers.

Uploaded by

Virginia Morley
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Level 7/Grade B

Index Laws 27/04/2023

Learning Objectives:

• Able to estimate the answer to a question


involving indices
• Able to multiply terms with the same base
• Able to divide terms with the same base
Index Laws
• How can I simplify: 45 x 43?

4 x 4 x 4 x 4 x 4 x 4 x 4 x 4 = 48

• How can I simplify: 79 x 76?

7 x 7 x 7 x 7 x 7 x 7 x 7 x 7 x 7 x 7 x 7 x 7 x 7 = 715
Law 1 : Multiplication
26 x 2 4 = 210
24 x 22 = 26
35 x 37 = 312
General Rule:

When multiplying terms with the same base, you


add the powers
EXAMPLE: 47 x 45 = 47+5 = 412
am x an = am+n
Index Laws
• How can I simplify 95 ÷ 93?
9x9x9x9x9
= 9 x 9 = 92
9x9x9

• How can I simplify 117 ÷ 112?

11 x 11 x 11 x 11 x 11 x 11 x 11
= 115
11 x 11
Law 2 : Division
26 ÷ 24 = 22
25 ÷ 22 = 23
35 ÷ 37 = 3-2
General Rule

When dividing terms with the same base, you


subtract the powers
EXAMPLE: 47 ÷ 45 = 47-5 = 42
am ÷ an = am-n
Division can also have a few steps….
Index Laws
• How can I simplify (43)4?

4 x 4 x 4 x 4 x 4 x 4 x 4 x 4 x 4 x 4 x 4 x 4 = 412

• How can I simplify (72)5?

7 x 7 x 7 x 7 x 7 x 7 x 7 x 7 x 7 x 7 = 710
Law 3 : Brackets
(26)2 = 26 x 26 = 212
(35)3 = 3 5 x 35 x 35 = 315

General Rule:

When raising a power to another power, you


multiply the powers
5
(a ) = a
m n mxn EXAMPLE: (4 ) = 47 x 5 = 435
7
Index Laws
• Simplify the following:

73 x 7 8
75

4
x
5
x 10
Index Laws
• Crack the code to reveal an hilarious joke!!
(a) 32 x 37 (b) 79 x 711 (c) y2 x y5 (d) p5 x p6 x p3

(e) 99 ÷ 92 (f) 417 ÷ 412 (g) h6 ÷ h4 (h) g15 ÷ g12 ÷ g2

(j) 35 ÷ 37 (k) 53 x 5-5 (l) x-3 ÷ x-6 (m) k-7 x k12

(n) a15 x a-2 x a-7 (o) e-3 ÷ e-12 ÷ e6 (p) y5 x y-7 ÷ y3 (q) d-4 ÷ d9 x d-4

(r) (s3)12 (s) (g-2)6 (t) (w5)-3 (u) (b-6)-4

(v) 5t2 x 7t5 (w) 6c5 ÷ 2c3 (x) (9g4)2 (y) (10a2)3
Level 8
Index Laws 27/04/2023

Learning Objectives:

• Able to multiply terms with the same base


• Able to divide terms with the same base
• Able to simplify terms with negative
indices
Index Laws
• How can I simplify 5a3 x 6a7?

5xaxaxa x 6xaxaxaxaxaxaxa

5 x 6 x a x a x a x a x a x a x a x a x a x a = 30a10
Algebra and Indices
• 9d6 x 8d3

• 12e10 x 6e4

• 24f8 ÷ 6f4

• 60g12 ÷ 5g3
Starter
• 89 ÷ 83

• (35)8

• 47 x 76

• (2y3)4
Level 8
Index Laws 27/04/2023

Learning Objectives:

• Able to multiply and divide terms with the


same base
• Able to raise a power to another power
• Able to simplify terms with negative
indices
Algebra and Indices
• (7c3)2 = 7 x c x c x c x 7 x c x c x c
=7x7xcxcxcxcxcxc
= 49c6

• (4j8)3

• (5k-3)4
Law 4: Negative Indices
25 = 32
24 = 16 General Rule
23 = 8
22 = 4 1
21 = 2 a = n
-n
a
20 = 1
2-1 = ½
2-2 = ¼
2-3 = ⅛
1
2 = 16
-4
Law 5: Power 0
25 = 32
24 = 16
23 = 8 GENERAL RULE:
22 = 4
21 = 2 Any term to the
20 = 1 power 0 is equal
2-1 = ½ to 1.
2-2 = ¼
2-3 = ⅛
1
2 = 16
-4
Negative Indices
• 6-2 = =

• 7-3 = =

• 9m-4 =9x =
Simplify the following, leaving your answers in
index notation.
8 4 = 332 2. 7f3 x 9f9 = 63f12
1. (3 )
3. 124 x 1210 = 1214 4. (6m )5 3 = 216m15

5. 25 ÷ 2-3 = 28 6. 42g7 ÷ 7g2 = 6g5

7. 39 x 36 = 310 8. 116 x 116 = 117


35 112 x 113
Solve the following.
9. 7-2 = 10. 3-3 =
Negative Indices
ANSWERS:
Simplify:

a) b) c)
a) b) c)

Solve:
d) e) f)
d) e) f)

Simplify: g) h) i)
g) h) i)
More difficult examples
• Simplify: 43 x 4 7 6p8 x 3p3
46 9p4 x p7

• Solve: 83 -1 3
(4 )
85

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