The ovaries are almond-shaped gonads located laterally in the pelvis between the uterus and pelvic wall. They produce oocytes and reproductive hormones. The ovaries are connected to the uterus and pelvic wall by broad, suspensory, and ovarian ligaments. The uterine tubes connect the ovaries to the uterus and conduct oocytes from the ovaries to the uterus where fertilization usually occurs. The ovaries and uterine tubes receive their blood supply from the ovarian and uterine arteries and drain into the ovarian veins. They are innervated by the ovarian and uterine plexuses.
The ovaries are almond-shaped gonads located laterally in the pelvis between the uterus and pelvic wall. They produce oocytes and reproductive hormones. The ovaries are connected to the uterus and pelvic wall by broad, suspensory, and ovarian ligaments. The uterine tubes connect the ovaries to the uterus and conduct oocytes from the ovaries to the uterus where fertilization usually occurs. The ovaries and uterine tubes receive their blood supply from the ovarian and uterine arteries and drain into the ovarian veins. They are innervated by the ovarian and uterine plexuses.
The ovaries are almond-shaped gonads located laterally in the pelvis between the uterus and pelvic wall. They produce oocytes and reproductive hormones. The ovaries are connected to the uterus and pelvic wall by broad, suspensory, and ovarian ligaments. The uterine tubes connect the ovaries to the uterus and conduct oocytes from the ovaries to the uterus where fertilization usually occurs. The ovaries and uterine tubes receive their blood supply from the ovarian and uterine arteries and drain into the ovarian veins. They are innervated by the ovarian and uterine plexuses.
The ovaries are almond-shaped gonads located laterally in the pelvis between the uterus and pelvic wall. They produce oocytes and reproductive hormones. The ovaries are connected to the uterus and pelvic wall by broad, suspensory, and ovarian ligaments. The uterine tubes connect the ovaries to the uterus and conduct oocytes from the ovaries to the uterus where fertilization usually occurs. The ovaries and uterine tubes receive their blood supply from the ovarian and uterine arteries and drain into the ovarian veins. They are innervated by the ovarian and uterine plexuses.
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Anatomy &
Histology Ovaries • Almond-shaped and -sized female gonads • Found laterally in between uterus and pelvic wall • Hilumthe entry and exit of vessels and nerves along the mesovarium
Function: • Where the oocytes develop & produce reproductive hormone • Endocrine gland that produce reproductive hormone
Ligament 1. Broad ligament: short peritoneal fold /mesentery 2. Suspensory ligament • Connect ovary to wall of pelvis which become continuous to mesovarium. Contain vessels,lymphatics and nerves 3. Ovarian ligament • Connects proximal end of ovary to lateral angle of uterus. Located in the middle mesovarium • A remnant of superior part of ovarian gubernaculum of fetus Uterine tube • Tube that connects the ovary to the uterus • Extend laterally from uterine horns and open into peritoneal cavity near the ovaries • 10cm long, lie in mesosalpinx (narrow mesentery)
Function: • Conduct oocyte from peri-ovarian peritoneal cavity to uterine cavity • Provide the usual site of fertilization
Part: 1. Infundibulum • Funnel-shaped distal end of tube that opens into peritoneal cavity through abdominal ostium • Fimbriae (finger-like process) attach to superior pole of ovary 2. Ampulla • Widest and longest part • Begins at medial end of infundibulum • Fertilization occurs here 3. Isthmus • Thick-walled part of the tube, which enters the uterine horn 4. Uterine part • Short intramural segment • Passes wall of uterus via uterine ostium uterine cavity Vascularization Arterial supply 1. Ovarian artery Abdominal aorta Ovarian arteriesdescend along posterior abdominal wall cross external iliac vessels suspensory ligament approach lateral aspect of ovaries and uterine tube 2. Uterine artery Internal iliac artery uterine artery ascending branch course along lateral aspect of uterus approach medial aspect of ovaries and tubes 3. Both the ovarian and ascending uterine arteries terminate by bifurcating into ovarian and tubal branches, which supply the ovaries and tubes from opposite ends
Venous drainage • Ovarypampiniform plexus of veins merge form singular ovarian vein leave lesser pelvis with ovarian artery • The right ovarian vein ascends inferior vena cava; the left ovarian vein left renal vein • The tubal veins drain into the ovarian veins and uterine (uterovaginal) venous plexus Innervation • Partly from the ovarian plexus & uterine (pelvic) plexus
• Visceral afferent pain fibers ascend
retrogradely with the descending sympathetic fibers of the ovarian plexus and lumbar splanchnic nerves cell bodies in the T11–L1 spinal sensory ganglia.
• Visceral afferent reflex fibers follow
parasympathetic fibers retrogradely through the uterine (pelvic) and inferior hypogastric plexuses and the pelvic splanchnic nerves cell bodies in the S2– S4 spinal sensory ganglia. Ovary
• Size: 3 cm long, 1.5 cm wide, and 1 cm
thick • The surface epithelium → simple cuboidal epithelium • The tunica albuginea → dense connective tissue capsule • Cortex → region with a stroma of highly cellular connective tissue and many ovarian follicles varying greatly in size after menarche • Medulla → contains loose connective tissue and blood vessels
