L2 Virtual Systems 08032023 031050pm

Virtual Systems and Services
Spring - 2023
BS (IT) - 8 (A) Evening
Bilal Muhammad Iqbal

VIRTUALIZATION
WHAT IS VIRTUALIZATION
 Virtualization is one of the hardware reducing, cost saving

and energy saving technology that is rapidly transforming
the IT landscape and fundamentally changing the way that
people compute.
 With VMware virtualization solutions you can reduce IT

costs while increasing the efficiency, utilization and
flexibility of their existing computer hardware.
 With Virtualization it is possible to run multiple operating

systems and multiple applications on the same SERVER
at the same time, increasing the utilization and flexibility
of hardware.
Virtualization relies on software to simulate
hardware functionality and create a virtual
computer system. This enables IT organizations to
run more than one virtual system – and multiple
operating systems and applications – on a single
server. The resulting benefits include economies of
scale and greater efficiency.
Before Virtualization
 Single OS image per machine

 Software and hardware tightly
coupled
 Running multiple applications
on same machine often creates
conflict
 Inflexible and costly
infrastructure
AFTER VIRTUALIZATION
 Hardware-independence of
operating system and
applications
 Virtual machines can be
provisioned to any system
 Can manage OS and
application as a single unit by
encapsulating them into virtual
Machines
BARE-METAL (HYPERVISOR) ARCHITECTURE
HOSTED ARCHITECTURE
A bare-metal hypervisor, also known as a Type 1 hypervisor, is
virtualization software that has been installed directly onto the
computing hardware.
This type of hypervisor controls not only the hardware, but one or
more guest operating systems (OSes). In comparison, a hosted
hypervisor, or Type 2 hypervisor, runs within the host OS, so the
underlying hardware is managed by the host OS.
Bare-metal hypervisors feature high availability and resource

management; they also provide better performance, scalability and
stability because of their direct access to the hardware. On the
other hand, the built-in device drivers can limit hardware support.
Examples of popular bare-metal hypervisors are Microsoft Hyper-

V, Citrix XenServer and VMware ESXi.
What is the difference between bare-metal
and hosted hypervisors?
A bare-metal or Type 1 hypervisor is significantly different

from a hosted or Type 2 hypervisor. Although both are
capable of hosting virtual machines (VMs), a hosted
hypervisor runs on top of a parent OS, whereas a bare-
metal hypervisor is installed directly onto the server
hardware. This difference in the way that the hypervisors
are installed leads to several other key differences.
One of the biggest differences between a bare-metal
hypervisor and a hosted hypervisor lies in the way that VMs
consume hardware resources. Because a bare-metal
hypervisor is installed directly on the server hardware, a VM
can access the hardware directly.
Conversely, a VM that is running on a hosted hypervisor

must pass hardware requests through the parent OS. This
means that a bare-metal hypervisor generally offers far
better VM performance than a hosted hypervisor.
Similarly, a bare-metal hypervisor offers better security than

a hosted hypervisor. Because a hosted hypervisor is
dependent on an underlying OS, security vulnerabilities
within that OS could potentially be used to penetrate VMs
and the guest OSes running on them.
Bare-metal hypervisor use cases
Bare-metal hypervisors are best suited for

organizations that require high performance, management
capabilities, scalability and strong security.
As previously noted, a bare-metal hypervisor is installed directly on

the server hardware. This means that VMs run at the hardware's
native speed, as opposed to having their performance affected by an
OS that is running on the host.
Bare-metal hypervisors also tend to be more scalable than hosted

hypervisors. Hosted hypervisors' scalability is limited by the
underlying OS. If the OS doesn't support clustering or if it only
supports a relatively small amount of memory, then a hypervisor
running on top of the OS will also be subject to those limitations.
Because bare-metal hypervisors aren't installed on top of a host OS,
they tend to be highly scalable.
The bare-metal hypervisor vendors also generally offer a
management console that is designed to support large-scale
hypervisor deployments. Some examples are VMware vCenter
Server or Microsoft System Center Virtual Machine Manager.
These consoles make it practical to manage large-scale
deployments.
Finally, because a bare-metal hypervisor isn't running on top of

an underlying OS, it tends to be far more secure than a hosted
hypervisor.
Bare-metal virtualization is ideally suited to large organizations

or to those organizations with significant performance or
security requirements. Hosted hypervisors tend to be a better
fit for lab environments or for use in SMB environments.
Benefits and drawbacks of bare-metal hypervisors
Performance: VMs can run at native hardware speeds.
Security: VMs aren't affected by vulnerabilities that might exist in an

underlying OS, as would be the case for a hosted hypervisor.
Scalability: Enterprise grade bare-metal hypervisors support the

creation of large failover clusters, and can generally take advantage
of all a server's hardware resources -- memory, CPU, etc.
Manageability: Bare-metal hypervisor vendors offer management

consoles that enable virtualization hosts to be collectively managed
through a single console.
Drawbacks
• Cost: Bare-metal hypervisors tend to be significantly more
expensive than hosted hypervisors. They also require dedicated
hardware.
• Complexity: Enterprise class bare-metal hypervisors can be quite
complex and there might be a substantial learning curve associated
with their use.
Top bare-metal hypervisor vendors and products
There are several major vendors that produce bare-metal

hypervisors. Here are some of the leading bare-metal hypervisors:
• Citrix XenServer
• Linux KVM
• Microsoft Hyper-V
• Nutanix AHV
• VMware ESXi
A VIRTUAL INFRASTRUCTURE OFFERS THE SYSTEMATIC ABILITY
TO CONTROL A COMPLEX SYSTEM CONSISTING OF SEVERAL X86-
BASED SERVERS INTO SEVERAL DIFFERENT EXECUTION
ENVIRONMENT
• Consolidation
 Operate different OS and applications on one single server
 Support existing applications on a new hardware

 Replace the old hardware in the data center
• Utilize your Existing Servers

 Realize instantly new projects with virtual infrastructure
 Postpone new physical hardware purchase

REDUCE ENERGY COSTS AND GO GREEN
WITH VMWARE VIRTUALIZATION
Reduce the energy demands of your datacenter by dynamic management

of computer capacity across a pool of servers.
VMware infrastructure delivers the resources your infrastructure needs

and enables you to:
-Reduce energy costs by 80%.

-Power down servers without affecting applications or users.
-Green your datacenter while decreasing costs and improving service
levels.
BENEFITS OF VMWARE
VIRTUALIZATION
 Easier Manageability
 File, Server, OS, Data manage
 Fault Isolation
 Efficient use of Resources
 Portability
 Problem-Free Testing
 Reduced Costs
 The Ability to Separate Applications

VMWARE VMOTION
 The VMotion technology allows the live migration of virtual machines from one
physical server to another and needs therefore no downtime for maintenance
activities.
 Move running applications to other servers without disruption. Zero downtime for
hardware maintenance.
 Automates moving virtual machines to other hosts and automates re-balancing after
maintenance complete
UNPLANNED DOWNTIME: SERVER FAILURE
Simple, Cost effective high availability for all servers
 Automatic restart of virtual

machines in case of server
failure
 No need for dedicated stand-

by hardware X Resource Pool
 None of the cost and
complexity of clustering
CONCLUSION
 One of the main cost-saving, hardware-reducing, and

energy-saving techniques used by cloud providers is
virtualization.
 With OS virtualization each VM can use a different

operating system (OS), and each OS is isolated from the
others.
 Use VMs to enabling different services to run in separate

VMs on the same physical machine.

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Virtual Systems and Services

BS (IT) - 8 (A) Evening

Bilal Muhammad Iqbal

 Virtualization is one of the hardware reducing, cost saving

 With VMware virtualization solutions you can reduce IT

 With Virtualization it is possible to run multiple operating

 Single OS image per machine

Bare-metal hypervisors feature high availability and resource

Examples of popular bare-metal hypervisors are Microsoft Hyper-

A bare-metal or Type 1 hypervisor is significantly different

Conversely, a VM that is running on a hosted hypervisor

Similarly, a bare-metal hypervisor offers better security than

Bare-metal hypervisors are best suited for

As previously noted, a bare-metal hypervisor is installed directly on

Bare-metal hypervisors also tend to be more scalable than hosted

Finally, because a bare-metal hypervisor isn't running on top of

Bare-metal virtualization is ideally suited to large organizations

Performance: VMs can run at native hardware speeds.

Security: VMs aren't affected by vulnerabilities that might exist in an

Scalability: Enterprise grade bare-metal hypervisors support the

Manageability: Bare-metal hypervisor vendors offer management

Top bare-metal hypervisor vendors and products

There are several major vendors that produce bare-metal

 Support existing applications on a new hardware

• Utilize your Existing Servers

 Postpone new physical hardware purchase

Reduce the energy demands of your datacenter by dynamic management

VMware infrastructure delivers the resources your infrastructure needs

-Reduce energy costs by 80%.

 Efficient use of Resources

 The Ability to Separate Applications

Simple, Cost effective high availability for all servers

 Automatic restart of virtual

 No need for dedicated stand-

 One of the main cost-saving, hardware-reducing, and

 With OS virtualization each VM can use a different

 Use VMs to enabling different services to run in separate

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