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Mine Dust

Mine dust refers to particles suspended in mine atmospheres or deposited in mining excavations and is a major occupational hazard. Inhalation of mine dust can cause respiratory diseases like pneumokoniosis. Major sources of dust are blasting, drilling, loading, haulage and crushers. Control methods include wetting, ventilation, dust collectors and avoidance. Pneumokoniosis includes diseases like silicosis, asbestosis, black lung from long-term inhalation of mineral dust particles leading to lung inflammation and scarring.

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38 views14 pages

Mine Dust

Mine dust refers to particles suspended in mine atmospheres or deposited in mining excavations and is a major occupational hazard. Inhalation of mine dust can cause respiratory diseases like pneumokoniosis. Major sources of dust are blasting, drilling, loading, haulage and crushers. Control methods include wetting, ventilation, dust collectors and avoidance. Pneumokoniosis includes diseases like silicosis, asbestosis, black lung from long-term inhalation of mineral dust particles leading to lung inflammation and scarring.

Uploaded by

dileep
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Mine Dust

Introduction
• Particles of a mineral deposit that are suspended in a mine 
atmosphere or that have settled in mining excavations.

• A principal characteristic of the dust is particle  size

• Mine dust is a major occupational hazard

• Some types of dust (coal, schist, sulfur, sulfide) can also, under 
certain conditions, form an explosive mixture with air

• Dust of any kind when inhaled in large quantities lead to the


development of respiratory diseases such as chronic bronchitis
and pneumokoniosis.
Introduction
• Major Source of Dust Generation
– Blasting
– Loading & Haulage
– Drilling & Bolting
– Ore passes
– Crushers
– Conveyors Systems
– Backfill Process
– Road Headers
– Shotcreting
Introduction
• Dust Control Methods and Techniques
– Reducing generated dust
– Dilution Ventilation
– Displacement Ventilation
– Wetting by water sprays
– Airborne dust capture by sprays
– Foam
– Wetting agents
– Dust collectors
– Dust avoidance
Introduction
• Pneumokoniosis is a general term used for occupational lung
diseases due to dust.

• Any of a group of lung diseases resulting from inhalation of 
particles of industrial substances, particularly inorganic dusts
such as the dust of iron ore or coal, and permanent 
deposition of substantial amounts of such particles in the 
lungs.
• Silicosis
• Asbestosis
• Coal Miner’s Pnenmokoniosis / Black Lungs
• Aluminosis
• Cadmiosis
• Siderosis
• Talcosis
Silicosis
• Silicosis is a form of occupational lung disease caused by inhalation
of crystalline silica dust, and is marked by inflammation and scarring in the form
of nodular lesions in the upper lobes of the lungs.

• Forms of Silicosis:

– Chronic: Chronic silicosis may take 15 or more years of exposure to develop. There is only
mild impairment of lung functioning. Chronic silicosis may progress to more advanced forms.

– Complicated: Patients with complicated silicosis have noticeable shortness of breath, weight
loss, and extensive formation of fibrous tissue (fibrosis) in the lungs. These patients are at
risk for developing tuberculosis (TB).

– Accelerated: This form of silicosis appears after 5-10 years of intense exposure. The
symptoms are similar to those of complicated silicosis. Patients in this group often develop
rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune disorders.

– Acute: Acute silicosis develops within six months to two years of intense exposure to silica.
The patient loses a great deal of weight and is constantly short of breath. These patients are
at severe risk of TB.
Silicosis
• Signs and symptoms include:
– Dyspnea (shortness of breath) exacerbated by exertion
– Cough, often persistent and sometimes severe
– Fatigue
– Tachypnea (rapid breathing) which is often labored,
– Loss of appetite and weight loss (Anorexia)
– Chest pain
– Fever
– Gradual darkening of skin (blue skin)
– Gradual dark shallow rifts in nails eventually leading to cracks as
protein fibers within nail beds are destroyed.

• In advanced cases, the following may also occur:


– Cor pulmonale (right ventricle heart disease)
– Respiratory insufficiency
Coal Miner’s Pneumokoniosis / Black Lungs

• Coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP), also known as black


lung disease or black lung, is caused by long exposure to coal
dust.

• It is common in coal miners and others who work with coal.

• It is similar to both silicosis from inhaling silica dust, and to


the long-term effects of tobacco smoking.

• Inhaled coal dust progressively builds up in the lungs and


cannot be removed by the body; this leads to inflammation,
fibrosis, and in worse cases, necrosis.
Coal Miner’s Pneumokoniosis / Black Lungs
• Severe state of Coal workers' pneumoconiosis disease is known as
anthracosis

• Prolonged exposure to large amounts of coal dust can result in more serious
forms of the disease, simple coal workers' pneumoconiosis and complicated
coal workers' pneumoconiosis

• More commonly, workers exposed to coal dust develop industrial bronchitis,


clinically defined as chronic bronchitis (i.e. productive cough for 3 months per
year for at least 2 years) associated with workplace dust exposure.

• The incidence of industrial bronchitis varies with age, job, exposure, and
smoking.

• In nonsmokers (who are less prone to develop bronchitis than smokers),


studies of coal miners have shown a 16% to 17% incidence of industrial
bronchitis.
Coal Miner’s Pneumokoniosis / Black Lungs

Spirometry Test
Asbestosis
• Asbestosis is a chronic inflammatory and scarring disease
affecting the tissue of the lungs.

• Worker with the condition may experience severe shortness


of breath and are at an increased risk for certain cancers

• It is caused by the breathing in and retention of asbestos


fibers.

• It usually occurs after high intensity and/or long-term


exposure to asbestos (particularly in those individuals working
on the production or end-use of products containing
asbestos) and is therefore regarded as an occupational lung
disease.
Asbestosis
• The signs and symptoms of asbestosis typically manifest
after a significant amount of time has passed following
asbestos exposure

• The primary symptom of asbestosis is generally the slow


onset of shortness of breath, especially with physical activity.

• Clinically advanced cases of asbestosis may lead to


respiratory failure.

• When a physician listens with a stethoscope to the lungs of a


person with asbestosis, they may hear inspiratory crackles.

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