General Material Balance Equation

‫‪General material balance‬‬
‫‪equation‬‬
‫جامعة طرابلس الدراسات العليا قسم هندسة النفط‬
‫مقدم من الطالب ‪ :‬طه مصباح سرطي‬
‫تحت إشراف الدكتورة ‪:‬خلود إرحومة‬
‫خريف ‪2022‬‬
The Material Balance Equation
The concept of the MBE was presented by
Schilthuis in 1936 and is simply based on the
principle of the volumetric balance. It states
that the cumulative withdrawal of reservoir
fluids is equal to the combined effects of
fluid expansion, pore volume compaction,
and water influx.
Use of MBE
 Estimate initial hydrocarbon volumes in place.
 Predict reservoir pressure.
 Calculate water influx.
 Predict future reservoir performance.
 Predict ultimate hydrocarbon recovery under
various Types of primary drive mechanisms.

The total initial volume of the hydrocarbon system is then
given by:
Initial oil volume + initial gas cap volume = (PV)(1 −Swi)
NBoi + mNBoi = (PV)(1 − Swi)

Solving for PV gives:
PV occupied by the oil initially in place at pi
+ PV occupied by the gas in the gas cap at pi
= PV occupied by the remaining oil at p
+ PV occupied by the gas in the gas cap at p
+ PV occupied by the evolved solution gas at p
+ PV occupied by the net water influx at p
+ change in PV due to connate water expansion and
+ pore volume reduction due to rock expansion
+ PV occupied by the injected gas at p
+ PV occupied by the injected water at p
Tank-model concept
The General MBE
N =(Np[Bo + (Rp − Rs)Bg ]− (We − WpBw)
− GinjBginj − WinjBwi)/(Bo − Boi) + (Rsi − Rs)Bg
+ mBoi[(Bg/Bgi) − 1] + Boi(1 + m)
× [(Swicw + cf )/(1 − Swi)]∆p
A = Np [Bt + (Rp − Rsi)Bg]

The General MBE
DDI + SDI + WDI + EDI + WII + GII = 1. 0
DDI = depletion drive index
SDI = segregation (gas cap) drive index
WDI = water drive index
EDI = expansion (rock and liquid) depletion index
WII = injected water index
GII = injected gas index
Pi = Initial reservoir pressure, psi
P = Volumetric average reservoir pressure
∆p = Change in reservoir pressure = pi – p, psi
Pb = Bubble point pressure, psi
N = Initial (original) oil-in-place, STB
Np = Cumulative oil produced, STB
Gp = Cumulative gas produced, scf
Wp = Cumulative water produced
Rp = Cumulative gas–oil ratio, scf/STB
GOR = Instantaneous gas–oil ratio, scf/STB
Rsi = Initial gas solubility, scf/STB
Rs = Gas solubility, scf/STB
Boi = Initial oil formation volume factor, bbl/STB
Bo = Oil formation volume factor, bbl/STB
Bgi = Initial gas formation volume factor, bbl/scf
Bg = Gas formation volume factor, bbl/scf
Wing Cumulative water injected, STB
Ginj Cumulative gas injected, scf
We Cumulative water influx, bbl
m Ratio of initial gas cap gas reservoir volume to initial
reservoir oil volume, bbl/bbl
G Initial gas cap gas, scf
PV Pore volume, bbl
cw Water compressibility, psi−1
Cf Formation (rock) compressibility, psi−1
Case Study
Case study was for under saturated reservoir by the
following field and PVT data :
P (psi) Bo (bbl\stb) Np (MM stb) Gp (MMM scf) Rso (scf\stb) Bg (bbl\scf)
7150 1.743 0 0 1450 0
6600 1.76 8.072 11.7 1450 0
5800 1.796 22.549 32.7 1450 0
4950 1.83 36.369 52.75 1450 0
4500 1.85 43.473 63.036 1450 0
4350 1.775 49.182 77.5 1323 0.00079
4060 1.67 58.383 104.39 1143 0.00084
3840 1.611 64.812 129.08 1037 0.00088
3660 1.566 69.562 150.12 958 0.00092
3480 1.523 74.572 177.71 882 0.00096
3260 1.474 78.4 203.5 791 0.00101
3100 1.44 81.275 226.33 734 0.00107
2940 1.409 83.879 247.68 682 0.00112
2800 1.382 86.401 268.08 637 0.00117
Calculations,
Assumptions and
results
Calculations Assuming F=NEo
F = Np Bo + (Rp − Rs)Bg + WpBw
Eo = Bt − Bti
Bt = Bo+Bg(Rsoi-Rso)Eo=Bt-Bti Rp=Gp\Np F=Np[Bt+(Rp-Rsoi)Bg]
1.743
1.76 0.017 1449.454906 14.20672
1.796 0.053 1450.175174 40.498004
1.83 0.087 1450.411064 66.55527
1.85 0.107 1450.00345 80.42505
1.87533 0.13233 1575.779757 97.11949906
1.92788 0.18488 1788.020485 129.132524
1.97444 0.23144 1991.606493 158.8576933
2.01864 0.27564 2158.074811 185.7353277
2.06828 0.32528 2383.06603 221.0331522
2.13959 0.39659 2595.663265 258.462056
2.20612 0.46312 2784.743156 295.3773405
2.26916 0.52616 2952.824903 331.5169756
2.33321 0.59021 3102.741866 368.6659807
90
80
f(x) = 758.893890938687 x
70
60
50
F
40
30
20
10
0
0.12 0.1 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0
E0
F vs Eo @ P>Pb where the slop=N=758.89MMstb
400
f(x) = 644.787889739725 x
350
300
250
200
F
150
100
50
0
0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1
E0
F vs Eo @ P<Pb where the slop=N=644.79MMstb

Calculations Including Ef,w
Step 1. For the under saturated performance, the initial oil
in-place is described by Equation:
F =NpBo ,Eo =Bo−Boi
Ef,w =8.05×10−6(7150−pr)
Step 2. Calculate N using the under saturated reservoir data:
F = NpBo
Eo = Bo − Boi = Bo − 1. 743
Ef,w = 8. 05 × 10−6(7150 − pr)
Calculations Including Ef,w
Step 3. Calculate N using the saturated reservoir
data where P<Pb:
F = NpBo + (Rp − Rs)Bg
Eo = (Bo − Boi) + (Rsi − Rs)Bg
Swi = 43%,
cf = 3. 3 × 10−6psi−1,
Bw = 1. 0 bbl/STB,
cw = 3. 00 × 10−6 psi−1,
pb = 4500 psi
pr(psi) F(MMbbl) Eo(bbl/STB) ∆p(psi) Ef,w(bbl/STB) N = F/ (Eo + Ef,w)(MMSTB) (Eo + Ef,w)
7150 – – 0 0 – 0
6600 14.20672 0.017 550 0.00772 574.7102 0.02472
5800 40.498 0.053 1350 0.018949 562.8741 0.071949
4950 66.55527 0.087 2200 0.030879 564.6057 0.117879
4500 80.42505 0.107 2650 0.037195 557.752 0.144195
4350 97.21516 0.133219 2800 0.09301 563.5015 0.226229
4060 129.1315 0.18488 3090 0.043371 565.7429 0.228251
3840 158.942 0.231853 3310 0.046459 571.0827 0.278312
3600 185.3966 0.273672 3550 0.048986 574.5924 0.322658
3480 220.9165 0.324712 3670 0.051512 587.1939 0.376224
3260 259.1963 0.399885 3890 0.0546 570.3076 0.454485
3100 294.5662 0.45954 4050 0.056846 570.4382 0.516386
2940 331.7239 0.526928 4210 0.059092 566.0629 0.58602
2800 368.6921 0.59021 4350 0.061057 566.1154 0.651267
90
80
f(x) = 561.015901767338 x
70
60
50
F
40
30
20
10
0
0.16 0.14 0.12 0.1 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0
Eo+Ef,w
400
f(x) = 565.666623568686 x
350
300
250
200
F
150
100
50
0
0.7 0.65 0.6 0.55 0.5 0.45 0.4 0.35 0.3 0.25 0.2
Eo+Ef,w
Discussing The Results
We notice from case study calculations that the
volumetric reservoirs isothermal compressibility
represented in the part of Ef,w have large effect
on the results of the calculations of initial oil in
place using the MBE .

General Material Balance Equation

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‫‪General material balance‬‬

 Predict reservoir pressure.

 Calculate water influx.

 Predict future reservoir performance.

 Predict ultimate hydrocarbon recovery under

various Types of primary drive mechanisms.

NBoi + mNBoi = (PV)(1 − Swi)

A = Np [Bt + (Rp − Rsi)Bg]

F vs Eo @ P<Pb where the slop=N=644.79MMstb

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