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An Introduction To The Study of Education: (EDES113)

This document introduces the key concepts of curriculum, including: 1. The intended curriculum refers to the formal, planned curriculum that is documented. 2. The implemented curriculum refers to how teachers and learners put the intended curriculum into practice. 3. The assessed curriculum refers to the ways curriculum goals are evaluated through various assessment methods to provide feedback. Understanding how the intended, implemented, and assessed curriculums relate provides a cyclical view of the curriculum process.

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Afika Ntanda
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148 views18 pages

An Introduction To The Study of Education: (EDES113)

This document introduces the key concepts of curriculum, including: 1. The intended curriculum refers to the formal, planned curriculum that is documented. 2. The implemented curriculum refers to how teachers and learners put the intended curriculum into practice. 3. The assessed curriculum refers to the ways curriculum goals are evaluated through various assessment methods to provide feedback. Understanding how the intended, implemented, and assessed curriculums relate provides a cyclical view of the curriculum process.

Uploaded by

Afika Ntanda
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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An introduction to the study of Education

(EDES113)
(Curriculum)

UKZN INSPIRING
Module objectives

To introduce students to the following sub-disciplines in education studies:


Curriculum
Psychology as a lens for teaching and learning
Philosophy and Sociology of education
History : local and international
Academic literacy

UKZN INSPIRING
For discussion

What is curriculum?

It is evident from research that most teachers do not


understand the word curriculum, and this may lead to the
vulnerability of curriculum (Van den Akker* et al., 2009)
Defining Curriculum

• There is no single definition of curriculum


• The etymological definition of the word curriculum is ‘currrere’ (a Greek word ) which
implies ‘to run the course/race’ (Pinar, 1974, 1976, 1978).
• In the field of education, curriculum is taken as the running the course/race of teaching and
learning
• Curriculum is defined as what “presents teachers and learners with a plan of the ideal course
of learning” Hoadley and Jansen (2013, p. 29)
Defining Curriculum
look at the study conducted by Marsh (2009, pp. 5-8) indicates various definitions of the word
curriculum as follows:
1. “Curriculum is the permanent subjects that embody essential knowledge”;
2. “Curriculum is a planned learning for which the school is responsible”;
3.“Curriculum is the totality of learning experiences so that students can attain general skills and
knowledge at a variety of learning site”;
4. “Curriculum is what student construct from working with computer and its various networks”;
Activity

Do research to find your own definition of curriculum.


Curriculum presentation/forms
Intended curriculum

• Is the planned, formally acknowledged curriculum,


• It is all about what is documented as the syllabus, prospectus, and so on.
• Is the plan of teaching where written document contains all prescribed content or activities to be
covered at a particular time.
• It is sometimes called:
 The prescribed curriculum
 The official curriculum
 The formal curriculum
 The curriculum as blueprint
 Planned curriculum /curriculum-as-planned
Intended curriculum-adv

Advantages/strength

 It prescribes the content to be covered to maintain uniformity

 It stipulates time frames to complete the content


 It acts as a signpost to both teachers and learners

 
Intended curriculum-
disadv

Disadvantages/limitations

 Leaves the gap between prescribed and implemented/enacted


curriculum
 Teachers’ misunderstanding of intended curriculum may lead
to the wrong implementation.
 It may exclude indigenous knowledge systems

 It uses one size fits all approach irrespective of contextual


factors
 
Implemented curriculum

 Is defined as what happens to the plan in the context of the school.


 Is the integration, arrangement, and monitoring of content directly from the
intended/planned curriculum to learners
 It is about how teachers and learners practice intended curriculum.
 It is sometimes referred to as :
The enacted curriculum
The practiced curriculum
The actual curriculum
The lived curriculum
The curriculum as experienced
Implemented
curriculum-adva

Advantages/strength

 It stimulates creativity, and enables self-reflection in teaching and


learning
 Creates space to achieve planned curriculum goals
 Seek teachers to have good strategies/methods (teacher/leaner-centred)
to cater for diversity

 Seek teachers to know their role (instructor/facilitator/researcher)


 
Implemented
curriculum-disadv…

Disadvantages/limitations

 unprepared implementation may yield to poor result


 Different contextual factors (lack of resources) may hinder
implementation of the curriculum

 
Assessed curriculum

 Is defined as ways of achieving curriculum goals (both planned and implemented curriculum).
 All activities done towards providing a feedback on both planned and implemented curriculum
 It is sometimes called :
 Achieved curriculum
 Attained curriculum
 Curriculum-as-assessed.

Give examples
Assessed curriculum-
adva

Advantages/strength

 It improves teaching and learning through giving feedback on the


planned/implemented content.
 Promotes learning process through grading criteria.
 Contribute to the successful implementation of the content

 Seek teachers to use different methods of assessment


 
Assessed curriculum-
disadva…

Disadvantages/limitations

 Can demotivate learners


 May have a negative impact if not properly planned to cater
for student diversity particularly for special needs students
 Standardised assessment task may disadvantaged other
learners

 
Intended, Enacted,
Assessed
• Understanding the intended, enacted and the assessed curriculum assist in viewing it as a cyclical process.
• Lesson plans, HOD’s supervision, selection of what to teach, and how to teach are all examples of
processes involved in the curriculum.
• Each dimension of the curriculum informs the other.

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