An MVP

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 Understanding By Design
Read the following information, then proceed to the vocabulary extension section. Today, you will respond to
the final pages of this lesson first, complete the assignments, and submit them to the UBD folder. This is a
Word document, so…if you right click any vocabulary you don’t know, search for the word, Word will provide
you with a definition, pronunciation options, along with synonyms and antonyms. Use this strategy to study
more thoroughly. Become more independent and control your learning.

. . . . .Fun . . . .&. . F. ascinating FACTS

. . means "yearly"-an indication that
• The ancient Greeks used the word
.adamant
. . . to. describe
. . . .an. imaginary
. . . . annals
from
are records of events kept
ye a r t o y e a r.
.pen­ etrate or shatter it The word has • The. Pantheon
. ....... . . . . . .
stone so hard that nothing could
(with a capital p) is
sur· vived in modern English as a
synonym for stubborn or unyielding. .a circular
. . . temple,
. . . built
. . in. Rome
. . .in .
Adaman­ tine is used to describe 27 BCE, to honor all the Roman gods.
literal hard­ ness, as that of a The name is formed from two Greek
diamond words, pan-, "all;' and theos, "god:'
m e t alors certain
.
. . .. .. . . . . . . . . . The term is used literally to describe
a public building to honor the illus­
An altercation is a quarrel or noisy
.argument,
. . . but
. . note
. .that
. .it .is purely
... trious citizens of a country, such as
the Pantheon in Paris, completed in
verbal. An altercation may escalate
1781. It is also used metaphorically
into violence, and when it ceases to
to refer to the group of people who
be verbal and becomes physical, it is
have made significant contributions
then a fight or a
.............
brawl.
in a particular field of endeavor,
such as science, politics, or sports. For
Annals is a plural noun for which
.............
there is no singular form. The word is
this meaning, it is written pantheon,
with a small p.
derived from the Latin annalis, which
...
 endow
verb 1. To provide something or someone with a quality or thing.
2. To financially support an institution, such as a school or museum.
The East Reading Room was endowed in memory of the library's founder.

Universities and private schools can provide more resources and scholarships to their
students when they are endowed by a generous benefactor.
Context Clues
These sentences give clues to the meaning of endow.
Malaysia is endowed with an inherent kindness.

Ja’Marion 's personality and intelligence endowed him with the support he needed
to win the student council election.

Jayla was able to avoid bankruptcy, thanks to endowments from a “Gofundme”

support group.

Discussion & Writing Prompt

T hink about your best friend or someone else you admire. Describe what qualities he or she is endowed
with.

1 Turn and talk to your partner or group. 2.Write 8-13 sentences.

Use this space to take notes or draw your Be ready to share what you have
ideas. written.
 Lesson

4 Word List

Study the definitions of the words. Then do the exercises that

follow.
accolade n. An expression of approval or respect for special merit; an award.
ak' a In England, knighthood is a high accolade given for service to the state.
lad
Discuss with your partner why a teacher might be given an

adamant accolade. adj. Not yielding; firm.

ad' a mant I missed the TV show because of my mother's adamant
refusal to let me watch television
before I'm done with my homework.
adulate v. To flatter or admire excessively; to idolize.
a· joo Teenagers adulate the new pop star who has sold out a record number of tour
lat dates.
adulation n.
Members of the crowd showed their adulation by giving the performers a
standing ovation.

Share with your partner the name of the actor you most adulate.
altercation
61 tar ka • n. A loud and determined dispute; a noisy quarrel.
shan After the hockey player purposely tripped a member of the opposing team, an
altercation broke out.
annals n. pl. A historical record of events, often arranged in a yearly sequence.
an'alz I can easily research the history of my town because its annals have been
preserved consistently since 1685.

assiduous adj. Diligent and persistent.

a sij' O’Desia was the most assiduous researcher in our biology lab.
ooas
Talk to your partner about something you enjoy working on in an assiduous
way.
chary adj. Exercising caution; hesitant.
char' e Be chary about making promises you might not be able to keep.

clique n. A small, exclusive group; a group held together by like interests or purpose.
klik Victor, a new student, found it difficult to fit in at the high school because many of the
students there belonged to cliques that didn't welcome newcomers.

decrepit adj. Worn out from use; broken down.

de krep' The decrepit buildings were torn down and replaced with a modern apartment
it complex.

Chat with your partner about some decrepit buildings you have seen.
 endow v. To provide with a quality, a thing, or a gift of money.
en Romina was endowed with a beautiful singing
dou' voice.
endowment n.
The college receives much of its support from
endowments established by alumni.

ephemeral adj. lasting

Explain a very
to your shortwhich
partner time.talent you would
e fem· ar al The pleasures
most of endowed
like to be our few days
with.in the mountains were ephemeral, with only a
faint memory remaining.

Ask your partner to name an ephemeral fashion

trend.
ingratiate v. To gain the favor of someone through a deliberate effort.
in gra · she Alonso attempted to Ingratiate himself with his teacher by helping after
at class.

Discuss with your partner why you might ingratiate yourself to a parent
pantheon or Ateacher.
n. group of people held in high esteem for their great achievements.
pan· the an Albert Einstein is one of the most famous figures in the pantheon of great
scientists.
perverse adj. 1. Turned away from what is right; wicked.
par Romeo gets a perverse satisfaction from making people angry.
vurs· 2. Stubbornly opposing what is right or reasonable; obstinate.
The nineteenth-century French writer George Sand was considered perverse in her
day because she refused to stay married, wore masculine attire, and had a successful
career.
perversity n.
Janylah’s frequent wintertime swims in the ocean, against her doctor's advice, revealed
her perversity.
tutelage n. Instruction, protection, or guardianship.
too' ta Sarja prepared for the test under the tutelage of his math
lij teacher.
 Determining Precise Meaning
Choose the most accurate paraphrase for each
1.sentence.
Asa was adamant that she had been cheated.
(a) Asa was sure that she had been cheated.
(b) Asa was uncertain whether she had
been cheated.

2. I am familiar with the annals of ancient

Egypt.
(a) I am familiar with the historical records
of ancient Egypt.
accolade (b) I am familiar with the sayings of ancient
adamant Egypt.
adulate 3. The storm is expected to be ephemeral.
altercation
(a) The storm is expected to be short-lived.
annals (b) The storm is expected to be long
assiduous lasting.
chary
4. The altercation broke out around midnight.
clique
_decrepit
(a) The fire broke out around midnight.
(b) The quarrel broke out around midnight.
endow
ephemeral 5. The governor is chary when it comes to
ingratiate accepting gifts.
pantheon (a) The governor is careful to follow the
perverse rules when it comes to accepting gifts.
tutelage (b) The governor is extremely careless
when it comes to accepting gifts.

6. Tutelage was provided by a team of

experts.
(a)Protection was provided by a team of
experts. (b) Instruction was provided by a team
of experts.

7. The drawbridge to the castle was decrepit.

(a) The drawbridge to the castle was in a state
of disrepair.
(b) The drawbridge to the castle was heavily
defended.

8. Mark reacted to the crowd's adulation with

humility.
(a) Mark reacted to the crowd's hostility with
humility.
(b) Mark reacted to the crowd's praise with
humility.

9. The major collected many accolades during his

career.
(a) The major collected many wounds during his
career.
(b) The major collected many awards during his
12. I soon realized that she was part of a clique.
(a) I soon realized that she was part of an exclusive social group.
(b) I soon realized that she was part of a band of raiders.

13. The college president's job is to increase the number of endowments.

(a) The college president's job is to increase the number of students.
(b) The college president's job is to increase the number of donations.

14. I couldn't read enough about the pantheon of Antarctic explorers.

(a) I couldn't read enough about the company of eminent Antarctic explorers.
(b) I couldn't read enough about the historical record of Antarctic explorers.

15. Roshanda’s unbelievable comments are an example of her perversity.

(c) Roshanda’s unbelievable comments are an example of her stubborn obstinacy.
(d) Roshanda’s unbelievable comments are an example of her casual bigotry.

Understanding Word Relationships

Highlight the letter next to each correct answer. There may be more than
one correct answer.

1. Which word or words are related to stubborn?

(a) ephemeral
(b)adamant
© decrepit
(d) perverse

2. Which word
or words are
related to
highly
respected?
(a) accolade
(b) pantheo
n
(c) elite
(d) altercati
on

3. Which word
or words
are related
to pass
something
on?
(a) tutelage
(b)bestow
(c) bequeath
(d) endow

4. Which word
 5. Which word or words are related to thorough?
(a) scrupulous
(b) assiduous
(c) ephemeral
(d) diligent

6. Which word or words are related to worship?

(a) chary
(b) lionize
(c) adulate
(d) adjudicate

7. Which word or words are related to disagreement?

(a) feud
(b) clique
(c) altercation
(d) dispute

8. Which word or words are related to uncertain?

(a) ephemeral
(b) skeptical
(c) incredulous
(d) chary

9. Which word or words are related to time?

(a) belated
(b) consecutive
(c) ephemeral
(d) adamant
accolade
10. Which word or words are related to needing repair?
adamant
(a) assiduous
adulate
(b) irrational
altercation
(c) dilapidated
annals
(d) decrepit
assiduous
chary
clique
_decrepit
endow
ephemeral
ingratiate
pantheon
perverse
tutelage
Word Study: Prefixes
In the spaces provided, write a brief definition of each word. Write "yes" if the letters
in and im indicate the prefix meaning "not" in each word.

• The prefixes in- and im- can mean "not;' changing a word to its opposite. However, the
letters in and im do not always indicate a prefix meaning "not:’ Use a dictionary if you
are confused!

• imbue
• implacable
• incarcerate
• indiscriminate
• ingratiate
• intercede
• instigate
• inalienable
• indignity
• infamous
 Understanding Contextual Meanings
Read the following sentences. If the word in bold is used correctly, write C on the
line. If the word is used incorrectly, write a new sentence using the word correctly.

1. The immigrants were endowed with an intense love of freedom.

2. The dress needed a slight altercation to make it

fit.

3. I became bet ter and better under the coach's

tutelage.

4. In the annals of U.S. history, several presidents stand

out.

5. Ashanti was excited to play her new accolade in the band.

6. The ephemeral smoke from the small candle disappeared into the
night.

7. 1I made a simple adulation and produced the answer.

accolade
adamant
8. We ingratiate our food with spicy sauces from
adulate
India.
altercation
annals
assiduous 9. Assiduous trees shed their leaves in the
chary fall.
clique
decrepit
10. My grandfather joined the pantheon of Medal of Honor winners in
endow
1966.
ephemeral
Ingratiate
pantheon
perverse
tutelage
Vocabulary in Context
Read the passage.

A Most Valuable Person

Success in the sports world can be painfully ephemeral. Athletes understand
only too well that the crowd's adulation one day can turn all too quickly to
rancorous jeers the next. But once or twice in a generation, a player emerges
whose fame seems destined to last for as long as the game is played. In the annals
of baseball, Roberto Clemente was one such athlete.
Born in Puerto Rico in 1934, Clemente dreamed of playing professional
baseball.
As a child, it was evident that he was endowed with great natural ability, yet no
one
practiced the necessary skills with bat and ball more assiduously than he.
Clemente hit the ball accurately and with ever-increasing power as he matured,
and he moved with incredible speed between the bases and in the outfield. At
eighteen, he signed his first professional contract with the Puerto Rican league; at
twenty, he signed with the Pittsburgh Pirates and played as a right fielder with
them for eighteen outstanding seasons.
Clemente was often lonely in his early years as a professional. He spoke little
English when he first came to the United States and found that this language
barrier excluded him from the tightly knit groups that ballplayers form. He was
further ostracized by the press, which would sometimes refer to him rudely
because of the color of his skin. Several reporters seemed to find his less-than-
perfect English comical and took a perverse pleasure in misquoting him. Not
surprisingly, Clemente, who was proud of his heritage, frequently had altercations
with the press and was chary of giving interviews. Unfortunately, this only earned
him a reputation for aloofness.
He never tried to ingratiate himself with the press. He had no need to,
because as one outstanding season followed another, his record spoke for itself. In
1966, he became the first Latino ballplayer to be voted the Most Valuable Player.
In the 1971 World Series against the Baltimore Orioles, he batted .414 and was
named the series' Most Valuable Player. The next year he joined baseball's
pantheon when his lifetime
total of base hits reached three thousand, a feat that at the time had been achieved
by only ten other players.
Clemente was committed to contributing to the island of his birth. Instead
of taking off the winter months to relax, he returned to Puerto Rico, year after
year, to play in the winter league, thereby giving aspiring youngsters a chance
to see their idol up close. He took a personal interest in talented young players,
and under his tutelage, many went on to successful careers in the major
leagues.
Clemente also dreamed of creating a sports complex in Puerto Rico; he decided
that he would devote his energies to this project after his retirement. But, that
opportunity
never came.
 In December 1972, an earthquake shattered the Nicaraguan capital of
Managua. Clemente at once organized a relief effort for the survivors. A decrepit
DC-7 cargo plane, donated for the operation, was filled with food and medical supplies.
Friends, worried about his safety, urged him not to make the trip, but he was
adamant that his presence was necessary to ensure that the supplies were not

diverted to the hands of the country's corrupt ruling clique. Shortly after takeoff, the plane
lost power and crashed into the sea. No one survived.

The following year, Clemente's number, 21, was retired by the Pirates, and Clemente
received baseball's highest accolade-acceptance into the Baseball Hall of
Fame. He was the first Latino player to be so honored. His dream of a sports
complex was taken up by his wife, Vera. She worked tirelessly to make it a reality, and today,

the Roberto Clemente Sports City occupies 304 acres in Carolina, the town where Clemente

was born. Vera Clemente is its director, and more than one hundred thousand children

enjoy its extensive facilities.

Answer each question with a sentence. If a question does not contain a word
from the lesson, use one in your answer. Use each word only once.
2. How was Clemente's childhood a promising start for him as an
athlete?
1. Explain how success in sports can be ephemeral.

3. What evidence in the passage suggests that Clemente resented the

press?
accolade
adamant
4. What did the reporters do that contributed to Clemente's unease with
adulate them?
altercation
annals
assiduous 5. Why was it especially unnecessary for Clemente to ingratiate himself with the
chary press?
clique
decrepit
6. What happened when Clemente reached a total of three thousand base
endow
hits?
ephemeral
ingratiate
7. How did Clemente try to help talented youngsters with an interest in
pantheon
baseball?
perverse
tutelage
8. Why did Clemente's friends attempt to persuade him not to go to
Nicaragua?
9. How did Clemente respond to his friends'
warnings?
10. What happened in the year following Clemente's
death?