PRESENTATION

ON

“EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS”

BY

AK MISHRA
DY MANAGER(S&E)
HEAVY WATER PLANT
BARODA
Why Emergency Preparedness
 To take prompt corrective actions
to save lives and
sufferings/injuries.
 To protect plant machines,
equipments & buildings etc.
 To protect loss of materials.
 To Protect and minimize property
losses.
 To resume normal situation
or operation within minimum
possible time.
 NEED OF EMERGENCY PLAN

 AFTER BHOPAL GAS DISASTER IN 1984,

THE FACTORIES ACT 1948 WAS
AMENDED IN 1987 AND NEW
PROVISIONS REGARDING SAFETY AND
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT WERE
ADDED.
 NOW IS A MANDATORY TO AN
ORGANISATION
IT TO PREPARE
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PLAN
HANDLING HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS AS
PER MSIHC RULES 1989.

 UNDER THE PROVISION OF SECTION

41B (4) OF FACTORIES ACT 1987,
EVERY OCCUPIER SHALL HAVE VALID
EMERGENCY PLAN FOR HIS FACTORY.
 SCOPE
EMERGENCYPLAN COMES IN TO
EFFECT AT THE DECLARATION OF
EMERGENCY AND EXTENDS UP
TO TERMINATION OF THE
EMERGENCY.

IT IS APPLICABLE TO ALL
EMPLOYEES AND PERSONS
AVAILABLE IN THE
PLANT/FACILITY.
What is an Emergency

Accident:- Unexpected event which cause damage/Harm.

(Happens by chance )

Emergency :- An unforeseen combination of circumstances ,

the resulting state that calls for immediate action.

Disaster :- A sudden calamitous event bringing great damage ,

Loss & destruction
 Emergencies
 ON SITE EMERGENCY

Controlling Authority is General

Manager.

 OFF SITE EMERGENCY

Controlling Authority is District

Collector.
Emergency Classification
Emergency Classified into two Categories :-

Man-made Natural

1. Chemical & Gas Leak

1. Floods
2. Fire & Explosion
2. Cyclones
3. Missile Attack (War)
3. Earth Quake
4. Radioactive materials

5. Molten metal spillage & burning 4. Tidal waves

6. Intentional disaster
Level of Emergency
Depends on severity of the incident & capability of the
organisation

Level 1 :- If within the capabilities of the organisation

Level 2 :- If external assistance is required: Mutual aid,

district or other agencies

Level 3 :- State of national disaster

 Objectives of the Emergency Plan
• This plan is a standing instructions for
handling 'Emergency Situations.

• The plan envisages pooling of resources to

mitigate emergency.

• To safe guard human beings, machines,

equipments and property.

• To safeguard other persons not affected by emergency

so far.

• Identify/rescue the casualties and arrange for their

treatment.

• To define channels of communications with key

personnel.
Basic Elements of Emergency
preparedness & Response management

1)Organise Emergency management team

2)Identify the accident scenarios & emergency consequences

3)Identify resources, equipment & facilities

4)Develop plan & procedures

5)Train, drill & exercise.

6)Review System
Emergency Management
Organisation
 Contents of Emergency Plan
The emergency plan for industrial facilities
should include:
 Brief Process description
 Various hazards available
 Classification of emergencies
 Emergency scenario envisaged
 Agencies required for Emergency handling
 Declaration and notification of emergency
 Emergency Control centre and
assembly areas
 Communication facilities available
 First-aid centre and hospital facilities
 Continue…

 Responsibilities of key personnel/

Alternate persons with contact numbers.
 Monitoring of hazardous chemicals.
 Fire fighting and rescue arrangements.
 Assessment of conditions subsequent
to release of toxic chemicals, rescue.
 Termination of emergency and
notification of the same.
 Maintenance of emergency equipments.
 Surveillance and record keeping.
 Mutual aid scheme members
and communication system among
members.
 Periodicity of conducting drills/exercises.
 Identification of hazards

 Process Hazards
Chemical Hazards, Pressure
Hazards, Hazards,
Temperature
Cryogenic hazards
 Natural calamity
Flood, Earthquake, Psunami
 Electrical Hazard,
Missile Attack, terrorist
attack, sabotage etc.
 ACCIDENT SCENARIOS
 Massive leakage of toxic chemicals from
process piping / equipment.
 Catastrophic failure of vessel, piping of
chemical.
 Major fire
 Leakage of a road tanker containing
hazardous chemicals likely to affect our
site.
 Severe lightning / storm condition /
flooding of plant area due to excessive rain.
 Severe earth quake and / or any explosion
near the plant
 Air craft or missile impact on / near the
Plant.
Means for declaring emergency
 Emergency Siren : It is operated
from main Control Room. Power
supply to the siren is class III,
(backed by diesel generator).
 Types of siren
Alert: A single tone signifying an emergency alert. This signal may be used to
inform the community of an emergency or disaster, including a severe storm,
tornado warning (not a tornado watch), earthquake, chemical hazard/hazardous
material incident, extreme winds, or biological hazard.

Attack: An up-and-down, rising and falling tone to signify there is a homeland

security or attack emergency. This signal would be used if community officials
were notified by federal and/or state government officials of an actual or
impending attack on the local community.

All Clear: Many communities do not use an All Clear signal. Tune in to your local
news agencies and listen for notification from city officials regarding the
emergency.
Public Address System: Public address
system is provided at main Control
room and it covers entire plant area
and buildings. Power supply to P.A.
system is class III (backed by diesel
generator).
 Assembly Point

Fires are often high-stress situations, and

some people will respond with panic.
Therefore, it’s essential that people are
guided to a ‘gathering place’ to prevent
them from scattering.
If people scatter, it will impact on the
headcount and your nominal roll call, which
may then result in emergency personnel
making an unnecessary and dangerous trip
back into the building.
 Declaration of emergency

 Commence :- Short signals 5

intermittent seconds 'ON' & for a
5 Seconds 'OFF' total period of 2
minutes.
 Termination :- A continuous signal
(All clear) for 2 minutes.

 Emergency announcement

Emergency announcement on PA System

shall be made in English, Hindi & Gujarati
language.
 RESOURCES
 Communication systems Public
(including
 Address
EmergencySystem)
Siren
 Transport for evacuation of plant personnel
 Assembly area
 First Aid facility including ambulance at site
 Fire Fighting and rescue arrangements
 Security arrangements
 Breathing air sets and facilities for bottling of
breathing air.
 Laboratory facilities
 Monitors of Cl2, POCl3 , n-butanol &
Explosi
meter
 Fire Alarm System –Heat & Smoke
Detectors
Duties and Responsibilities of
Key persons
1) Fire Persons
• Firefighters on duty at the time of a crisis are
responsible for responding to any calls promptly.
• Ensuring safety of human lives at all times. While
engaged in a firefighting or other rescue operation, the
primary concern of the firefighter is to ensure the safety
of people trapped in an affected area. 
• Safeguarding own and colleagues’ safety. During
firefighting or any other emergency situation, the
firefighter is expected to think rationally about his/her
safety at all times and also look out for colleagues’
safety as well.
 Contd..

• Providing aid to the rescued and the injured.

Firefighters are mostly the first ones to respond and

rescue people from emergency situations. It is,

therefore, necessary to be able to provide basic first

aid to the injured before medical teams arrive.

 2) Process

•Internal and external notifications

•Initial emergency procedures

•Manage ongoing internal and external communications

•Manage internal and external reporting

•Dispatch requests for assistance

•Direct ongoing emergency activities

 Actions by Site Head
1.Rush to the spot for assessment of situation.

2.Ensure control / isolation of Hazard source.

3.Assess and keep contact with Business Head.

4.Monitor progress of Emergency action.

5.Institute search for missing persons.

6.Ensure evacuation of non-essential staff.

 Action By Temporary Incident
Controller
1.Rush to the spot.
2.Raise normal fire alarm if not raised. Depute a person to guide Fire Squad.
3.Ask other Officers / Supervisors to take over as temporary incident
controller.
4.Organize crash shutdown of critical operations.
5.Contact and brief Site Head  about the latest scenario. 
6.Carry out all Emergency functions of Site Head till he arrives.
7.Instruct non-essential staff to assemble at   Assembly point.
8.Arrange roll call at Assembly point and report missing persons to Forward
Control Center. 
Role of Safety Officer
1.Rush to spot, ensure overall safety of emergency operations.

2.Standby with Incident Controller at CC.

3.Facilitate communication from CC.

4.Contact member of Emergency Task Force for service.

5.Arrange safety equipments

6.Assist evacuation.
 Role of Medical Officer

1.Rush to Medical Centre and organize emergency medical services.

2.Ensure that an ambulance is rushed to incident area.
3.Ascertain nature/number of casualties.
4.Received and treat casualties, arrange quick transfer to outside
hospitals, if required.
5.Inform Control Centre on magnitude of injury and their identity.
6.If Medical Centre has to be evacuated due to toxic release effect,
shift to other location with advice from CC.
7.Contact CC and obtain assistance for Managerial supervision.
8.Medical Centre will be assisted by trained first aiders.
 Site Emergency Director

Occupier /factory manager shall be Site

Emergency Director and is overall
Controlling Authority.
 On hearing the emergency siren or on
getting information of the same he shall
proceed to the emergency control center
and take over as Site Emergency Director.
 He will assess the emergency situation
based upon the information and data
provided.
 He will handling of the emergency
situation.
direct
 He will arrange to intimate / liaise
with
authorities in DAE / AERB / HWB, Mumbai
 He will arrange to send causalities
 Advisory Group

Advisory Group will assemble in

emergency control centre and
advise Site Emergency Director
in consultation with Shift-In-
Charge and control
damage group.
 Damage Control Group
 Damage Control Group members shall
assemble immediately in main control room
on hearing siren.
 Provide necessary assistance to SI to co-
ordinate the jobs pertaining to their sections
for combating the emergency and
controlling the damage.
 Carry out head count in their respective
sections and report missing persons to Site
Emergency Director.
 Follow up the progress of the handling of
the emergency.
 Give feed back to SI / Site Emergency
Director for terminating the emergency as
soon as the situation eases
 Assess the losses and report to General
Manager.
 Station Officer

 On getting information he will immediately

reach the fire station/ scene of fire and take
charge of fire fighting / rescue operations
etc. depending upon the situation.
 Till Dy CFO / Station Officer arrives on the
scene the sub-officer / LFM on duty will take
charge of the activities.
 He will ensure that necessary information is
passed on to OIECR / GSFC / IPCL (Reliance
Industries Limited) / GR / VMC fire services
for immediate help through hot line or any
alternate means of communication, if
assistance is required in his opinion.
 Information Officer
 Hewill inform the officers listed under 'Channels of
Communication-Intimation Emergency' about
of
declaration of emergency.
 Information Officer is the only authorized channel through
whom information should be given out into public domain.
The Information Officer shall periodically collect all
information, status of the emergency and maintain a
chronological record of the events. He will be responsible
for the receipt and transmission of information on the
emergency and the control measures in progress to the
appropriate authorities as per direction & advice by the
SED.
 He will arrange for augmenting transport, ambulance,
security and other facilities as required.
 Depending upon the situation he will assist SED to inform
the relevant state Govt. Authorities i.e. Collector, Police
Commissioner, General Hospital & other recognized
hospital and ask for necessary assistance as per the
instructions of SED.
 Security Officer / Asst. Security
Officer:
 On hearing / getting information about the emergency, he shall
restrict entry of the personnel to the plant site as per the
directions given by the SI / SED.
 He shall regulate the personnel movement into the plant site and
no outsiders other than fire services shall be permitted through
main gate.
 GSFC fire services shall also be permitted through north gate,
which should be opened immediately on declaration of emergency.
 He shall not hold fire tenders from IPCL, GSFC, VMC fire services,
Gujarat Refinery at gate during emergency at site.
 He shall inform the listed fire brigades on instructions from Dy CFO
/ SI / SED.
 He shall inform to hospitals etc. on instructions from SED/ Adm.
Officer / Security Officer / Medical officer.
 The ASO will also inform the local officers under 'Channels of
Communication-Intimation of Emergency' about declaration of
emergency.
 Emergency Management
 Natural or man-made causes, which is
beyond the coping capacity of the affected
community.
 Disaster Management involves a continuous
and integrated process of planning,
organising, coordinating and implementing
measures.
Measures are necessary for:
 Prevention of danger or threat.
 Mitigation of risk , severity or consequences.
 Prompt response during emergency.
 Assessing the severity or magnitude.
 Evacuation, rescue and treatment.
 Continue……
 Therefore such situations and risks should
be visualized, assessed and planned to
tackle successfully within the shortest time.
 Hence there is a need for consideration of
safety aspects right through the design,
siting, construction and operation stages.
 All the aspects anticipated from manmade
and natural disasters are to be considered
during the design of the plant.
 Emergency management Plan should
made available for handling any be
type emergency. of
 General information
 Seismic Zones
 Average wind speed
 Wind direction
 Rain fall Earth quake
 Max. and Min. Temp
 Air port
 Railway Station
 School /
College
 Highway etc
 SITE AREA MAPS
 Emergency action plan,
 Maintenance of emergency preparedness,
 Records,
 Periodicity of conducting drills/exercises,
 Public awareness programmes and
 Training of plant personnel and
public
authorities.
 The Regulatory Body shall formulate
guidelines on counter measures to be
 taken at various intervention levels, along
with derived intervention levels in the case
of off-site emergencies. Action plans, based
on these guidelines and other requirements
in the off-site emergency plans, for nuclear
and radiation facilities in general, are
described in detail in the Safety Guidelines
Mutual Aid Scheme
There is a mutual aid scheme in off
Site Industrial Emergency Control
Room situated in materials building of
Reliance Industries of which HWP,
Baroda is a member.
This is headed by Collector and
District Magistrate, Vadodara and is
manned round the clock.
A wireless base station located in Fire
Station of HWP, Baroda connects to
Off-site industrial emergency control
room (OIECR).
Hot line telephone facility from HWP,
 Emergency Control Center

 An emergency control center is established

for use during the emergency. Its location is
in the General Manager's office, in technical
building (housing all necessary
communication gadgets including STD
telephones, wireless, GSFC telephone, HWP
telephone and communication lists and
formats and other appliances as listed). The
Meeting room in main control room will
serve as the alternate Emergency Control
Center. Direction of emergency activities
should be transferred from the plant control
room to emergency control center/alternate
Emergency Control Center as soon as
possible to enable plant operators to
perform system and field operations without
 Assembly Point & Escape routes

 Multipurpose hall near security gate is declared as

assembly point during emergency in the plant. All persons
will assemble in the multipurpose hall if they are asked to
do so.
 All person will remain present at their work place, in case
of site emergency is in local zone only and not effecting
health of plant employees.
 In case of evacuation is forced from the plant due to
emergent situation, an announcement will be made
through PA system to all employees to assemble in the
assembly hall. All persons (except emergency staff) will
assemble section wise in multipurpose hall. The senior
most person of each section will make head count and
report to Site Emergency Director. The plant persons may
be shifted to safe place by available means, if requires.
 All plant persons will walk through different roads /
emergency exits marked in the plant to assemble in
multipurpose hall in case of emergency.
 All persons will follow escape route and will reach
multipurpose hall (Assembly point) after hearing
announcement made though PA system.
 LIST OF EQUIPMENT IN
EMERGENCY CONTROL ROOM
 B.A. Sets / Escape packs 2
 SEPP
Nos. with Baroda Area and Plant Layout
Map, drawing
 Plant system flow sheets
 Safety Report
 Pre-calculated concentrations of toxic release
at various distances
 Photographs from plant and surroundings
 Black / white board
 Adequate copies of Formats as given in SEPP
 Up to date Communication lists and contact numbers
 Rubber / PVC & Canvas hand gloves
 Safety Helmets to Individuals
 Communication gadgets, P&T phone, fax,
GSFC phone, internal phone.
 LIST OF EQUIPTMENT IN
AMBULANCE

 Stretchers
 Bed, Pillows
 First Aid Box
 Oxygen Cylinder
 LIST OF EQUIPMENT IN FIRST
AID CENTRE
 Bed - One No.
 Treatment Cabin
 Water Tap & Sink
 Oxygen Apparatus - 2
 Stretchers
 Bandage of various types
 Antibiotic
 Various required medicines.
 SAMPLE FORMATS
 FORMAT DECLARATION OF SITE EMERGENCY
EXERCISE
FOR
 Attention all plant personnel.
 Site Emergency exercise is being conducted at HWP,
Baroda.
 There is ……………………. describe briefly the incident, its
location, affected areas and any other relevant
information…………………………………………………………………
……….…………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………..
 Please note this is only an exercise.
 ( to be repeated in Hindi and Gujarati )
FORMAT FOR TERMINATION OF
SITE EMERGENCY EXERCISE

 Attention all plant personnel.

 The Site Emergency exercise has
been terminated.
 ( to be repeated in Hindi and Gujarati )

……………………………………………………………………
…………………………
 Site Emergency is declared at
HWP, Baroda.
 Please note, this is emergency
exercise only.
 ( to be repeated in Hindi and Gujarati)
 Reference documents

 MSIHC Rules, 1989 amended in

2000.
 AERB Safety Guideline no. AERB
/ SG / EP-3 titled “preparation
of site emergency preparedness
plans for non-nuclear
installations" issued in August,
2000
Case Study
Emergency Preparedness: Findings