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Statistics and Probability

This document discusses probability and statistics concepts such as discrete and continuous random variables. It defines discrete and continuous random variables, and provides examples of each. Discrete random variables take on countable values while continuous random variables take uncountable measurable values. The document also discusses constructing probability distributions for discrete random variables by assigning probability weights to each possible value. It provides examples of calculating probabilities of events using the formula for total number of outcomes of an event over the total number of possible outcomes.

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11 ICT-2 ESPADA JR., NOEL A.
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74 views17 pages

Statistics and Probability

This document discusses probability and statistics concepts such as discrete and continuous random variables. It defines discrete and continuous random variables, and provides examples of each. Discrete random variables take on countable values while continuous random variables take uncountable measurable values. The document also discusses constructing probability distributions for discrete random variables by assigning probability weights to each possible value. It provides examples of calculating probabilities of events using the formula for total number of outcomes of an event over the total number of possible outcomes.

Uploaded by

11 ICT-2 ESPADA JR., NOEL A.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Statistics and

Probability
Understanding
Probability
Ma’am Frely
Prayer
LORD, WE THANK YOU A SUBTRACT THE
HUNDREDFOLD WORLDLY DESIRES
FOR THE INFINITE LOVE AND EVIL WORKS IN
OUR MINDS AND
AND CARE THAT YOU
HEARTS AND DIVIDE
HAVE GIVEN US. YOUR GIVEN TALENTS TO ALL
MAY WE, IN RETURN, OF US.
MULTIPLY IT WITH LOVE  TO SUM IT ALL, MAY WE BE
AND UNITE AS ONE IN
RESPECT AND YOUR FAMILY. 
AMEN
ADD MORE FAITH. 
Objectives:
• Define discrete and continuous random
variables;
• Distinguish discrete and continuous variables;
• Construct probability of discrete probability
distribution.
Discrete and
Continuous Random
Variable
RANDOM VARIABLE

– is a variable whose values depend on the outcomes


of an experiment.
OUTCOMES NUMBERS

* SAMPLE SPACE – is a set of all possible outcomes of


an experiment.
EXAMPLE : Write all the possible values of each random
variable.

(a). X: Number of even number outcomes in a roll of a die.

 
Discrete Random Variable
A Random variable that can take on a finite (countable
infinite) number of discrete values.
Examples:
1)Number heads obtained when tossing a coin thrice
2)Number of student’s presents in a classroom at a given
time
3)Number of pets a person has
Continuous Random Variable
A Random variable that take an infinitely
uncountable number of possible values, typically
measurable quantities.
Examples:
1)Time
2) height
3) weight/ distance
4) distance
Determine whether the given random variable is DISCRETE or
CONTINUOUS.

A. The length of time in seconds it takes for a ball to return to the


ground when tossed vertically upward. CONTINUOUS
B. The number of person who can fit in a single run of elevator. DISCRETE
C. The number of sandwiches sold in one day at school canteen.DISCRETE
D. The height in meters of a student randomly chosen from a senior
class. CONTINUOUS
E. Time of person can hold his/her breathe. CONTINUOUS
F. How long students ate breakfast. CONTINUOUS
G. Amount of sugar in a cup of coffee. CONTINUOUS
H. Number of house a person has. DISCRETE
PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION OF DISCRETE
RANDOM VARIABLE

- Distributing Probability weights to all possible values of


the random variable
Probability is a field of mathematics that deals with
chance.
An experiment is an activity in which the results cannot
be predicted with certainty. Each repetition of an
experiment is called a trial.
An outcome is a result of an experiment. An event is any
collection of outcomes , and a simple event is an event
with only one possible outcomes.
The sample space for a given experiment is a set S that
contains all possible outcomes of the experiments for
which the sample space is S, the probability of an event
occurring is given by the formula
The sample space for the
experiment in throwing a die
Sample space = {1,2,3,4,5,6}
Probability of an event
P(even) =

n(event) = number of outcomes of the event


n(Sample space) = number of all possible outcomes
Example 1: A coin is tossed, Find :

a) The sample space


{ head, tail}
n(sample space) = 2

b) The probability of getting a head.


P(even) =
𝟏
¿
𝟐
Example 2: What would be the probability of
a) Picking a black card at random from a standard deck
of 52 cards?

P(black) = 𝟐𝟔 𝟏
¿ ¿
𝟓𝟐 𝟐
Example 2.1: What would be the probability of
a) Picking a face card (i.e. a king, queen or jack)?

P(face) = 𝟏𝟐 𝟑
¿ ¿
𝟓𝟐 𝟏𝟑
Example 2.2: What would be the probability of
a) not picking a face card?

P(not face) = 𝟒𝟎 𝟏𝟎
¿ ¿
𝟓𝟐 𝟏𝟑
The End
Thank you!!!

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