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    Big Bang Theory Presentation

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    Juliane Rebecca Pitlongay
    The Big Bang theory proposes that the universe began approximately 13.8 billion years ago from an extremely dense and hot singularity and has been expanding ever since. Belgian priest Georges Lemaître first proposed this idea in 1931. Edwin Hubble later provided evidence of an expanding universe through his discovery of redshift and Hubble's Law. American astronomers Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson found the cosmic microwave background radiation in 1964, further supporting the Big Bang theory.

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    Big Bang Theory Presentation

    Uploaded by

    Juliane Rebecca Pitlongay
    18 views19 pages
    The Big Bang theory proposes that the universe began approximately 13.8 billion years ago from an extremely dense and hot singularity and has been expanding ever since. Belgian priest Georges Lemaître first proposed this idea in 1931. Edwin Hubble later provided evidence of an expanding universe through his discovery of redshift and Hubble's Law. American astronomers Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson found the cosmic microwave background radiation in 1964, further supporting the Big Bang theory.

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    The Big Bang theory proposes that the universe began approximately 13.8 billion years ago from an extremely dense and hot singularity and has been expanding ever since. Belgian priest Georges Lemaître first proposed this idea in 1931. Edwin Hubble later provided evidence of an expanding universe through his discovery of redshift and Hubble's Law. American astronomers Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson found the cosmic microwave background radiation in 1964, further supporting the Big Bang theory.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    18 views19 pages

    Big Bang Theory Presentation

    Uploaded by

    Juliane Rebecca Pitlongay
    The Big Bang theory proposes that the universe began approximately 13.8 billion years ago from an extremely dense and hot singularity and has been expanding ever since. Belgian priest Georges Lemaître first proposed this idea in 1931. Edwin Hubble later provided evidence of an expanding universe through his discovery of redshift and Hubble's Law. American astronomers Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson found the cosmic microwave background radiation in 1964, further supporting the Big Bang theory.

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    UNIVERSE

    BIG BANG THEORY


     a cosmological model explaining how the
    universe began.
    It suggests that the universe started its
    expansion about 13.8 billion years ago.
    Fig. 1 The expansion of the universe according to the big bang theory
    Georges Henri Joseph Edouard Lemaître
     A Belgian priest, suggested the idea of the
    expanding universe.
    He is considered as the first proponent of the
    big bang theory.
     In 1931, during the British Association meeting,
    he explained that the universe originated in an
    explosive act of primeval atom or the ‘Cosmic
    egg’ which was like a huge atomic nucleus.
    The immense energy from this primeval atom
    was sufficient to initiate the expansion of the
    universe.
    However, his theory was unrecognized by most
    cosmologists since it was not supported by
    empirical evidence at that time.
     The big bang theory was supported by other
    scientists such as Edwin Hubble, Arno Penzias,
    and Robert Wilson who presented pieces of
    evidence to support it.
    Edwin Powell Hubble
     An American astronomer who established the
    Hubble’s law which provided an evidence that the
    universe was not static but expanding.
     In 1923, Hubble spotted what he thought as a
    flaring nova star in the M31 nebula or the
    Andromeda constellation (now known as
    Andromeda galaxy, the nearest galaxy in the Milky
    Way), using a Hooker telescope.
    Edwin Powell Hubble
     Hubble carefully studied the photographic
    plates captured by other astronomers and
    realized that what he saw was a Cepheid star ―
    a star that pulsates radially, brightening and
    dimming periodically.
    Edwin Powell Hubble
     Hubble used this radial pulse to measure the
    distance of the star from Earth. Based on his
    calculations, he was able to postulate the
    existence of other galaxies. He noted that there
    was more to the universe beyond the Milky
    Way.
    Edwin Powell Hubble
    He then began to classify other nebulae,
    measuring their velocities based on their
    emitted spectral lights. Then in 1929, he
    noticed that all the galaxies seemed to be
    moving away from Earth with velocities that
    increased in proportion to their distance.
    Edwin Powell Hubble
     This means that the amount of redshift is
    proportional to the distance of the galaxy, i.e.
    nearby galaxies have smaller redshifts than
    distant galaxies. This relationship of the
    velocities of distant objects in the universe in
    proportion to their distance from Earth is called
    Hubble’s law.
    • American astronomers Arno Penzias and Robert
    Wilson studied the cosmic radiation in 1964.

    • They discovered that microwaves with


    wavelengths of about 7 centimeters were
    present in space. These waves were referred to
    as the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
    radiation.
    • CMB radiation is believed to be the thermal energy
    released when the ionized gases became neutral
    particles as the early universe cooled down. This
    radiation served like a ‘leftover’ when the universe
    was formed.
    • The discovery of this cosmic radiation provided
    a strong evidence that the universe began from
    the sudden expansion of a singularity, which
    supported Lemaître’s study.
    • The big bang theory suggests that the universe
    started as a “singularity”—an area predicted to
    be in the core of a black hole with very high
    temperature and density.
    • The nature of the singularity is still a mystery to
    many scientists, but they stated that this
    singularity constantly expands and cools. The
    rate of expansion is almost equal to the rate of
    cooling.
    •The intense heat led to the formation of
    matter and antimatter particles that were
    destroyed every time they collided with
    each other.
    Nucleosynthesis
    • the formation of elements, such as hydrogen and
    helium.

    •The presence of these elements led to the formation


    of the stars and the galaxies. The presence of the
    stars led to the formation of other cosmic bodies
    such as planets, comets, and asteroids.

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