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Statistics and Probability: Probability Distribution With Histogram

1. The document discusses probability distributions and constructing probability distributions for discrete random variables. It provides examples of rolling a die once and tossing a coin twice to illustrate the process. 2. The key steps in constructing a probability distribution are: identifying the experiment and random variable, determining the sample space and possible values, constructing a table of probabilities, and ensuring the probabilities sum to 1. 3. Properties of a probability distribution include: the probability of a value x is written as p(x), each probability must be between 0 and 1, and the sum of all probabilities is 1.

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FRECY MARZAN
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42 views36 pages

Statistics and Probability: Probability Distribution With Histogram

1. The document discusses probability distributions and constructing probability distributions for discrete random variables. It provides examples of rolling a die once and tossing a coin twice to illustrate the process. 2. The key steps in constructing a probability distribution are: identifying the experiment and random variable, determining the sample space and possible values, constructing a table of probabilities, and ensuring the probabilities sum to 1. 3. Properties of a probability distribution include: the probability of a value x is written as p(x), each probability must be between 0 and 1, and the sum of all probabilities is 1.

Uploaded by

FRECY MARZAN
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 36

Grade

11
Reublic of the Philiines
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Region I
Division of Ilocos Sur
Mabilbila Integrated School

Module

Statistics and Probability


Quarter 3| MELC #1

Probability Distribution
with Histogram
Learning Objectives

1. Illustrate a probability distribution for discrete


random variable and its properties
2. Construct a probability mass function of discrete
random variable and its corresponding histogram
PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

Probability distribution / probability function /


{
probability mass function of a discrete random
variable is a list of random variable’s possible
values and its corresponding probabilities
Notations Commonly Used
Capital letters such as X,Y, Z – random variable
{
Small letters such as x, y, z – random variable’s
possible values
S – sample space – list of all possile outcomes
of the experiment
Forms of Probability
Decimal
{
Fraction
Percentage
Properties of Probability Distribution
1. The probability that a discrete random variable (X)
takes on specific value (x) is p(x):
{
2. Each probability, p(x), must be from 0 to 1:
Properties of Probability Distribution
1. The probability that a discrete random variable (X)
takes on specific value (x) is p(x):
{
Properties of Probability Distribution
1. The probability that a discrete random variable (X)
takes on specific value (x) is p(x):
{
2. Each probability, p(x), must be from 0 to 1:
Properties of Probability Distribution
1. The probability that a discrete random variable (X)
takes on specific value (x) is p(x):
{
2. Each probability, p(x), must be from 0 to 1:

3. The sum of all the probabilities is 1 :


Properties of Probability Distribution
1. The probability that a discrete random variable (X)
takes on specific value (x) is p(x):
{
2. Each probability, p(x), must be from 0 to 1:

3. The sum of all the probabilities is 1 :


4. The probability of certain event is the sum of all
the probabilities that contains the given event:
Steps in Constructing Probability Distribution

1. Identify the experiment


2. Identify the random variable
{
3. Determine the sample space
4. Determine the values of the random variable
5. Construct the table of the probability distribution
6. Add all p(x), it should be equal to 1
7. Construct histograms for probability distribution
Constructing Probability Distribution
Rolling a die for once. Let X be the number shown
on top face
{
Constructing Probability Distribution
Rolling a die for once. Let X be the number shown
on top face

Identify the experiment: {


Constructing Probability Distribution
Rolling a die for once. Let X be the number shown
on top face

Identify the experiment: {


Rolling a fair die once
Constructing Probability Distribution
Rolling a die for once. Let X be the number shown
on top face
{
Identify the Random Variable
Constructing Probability Distribution
Rolling a die for once. Let X be the number shown
on top face
{
Identify the Random Variable

Number shown on top face


Constructing Probability Distribution
Rolling a die for once. Let X be the number shown
on top face
{
Determine the Sample Space or Possible outcomes
Constructing Probability Distribution
Rolling a die for once. Let X be the number shown
on top face
{
Determine the Sample Space or Possible outcomes
Constructing Probability Distribution
Rolling a die for once. Let X be the number shown
on top face
{
Determine the Sample Space or Possible outcomes

S = {1,2,3,4,5,6}
Constructing Probability Distribution
Rolling a die for once. Let X be the number shown
on top face
{
Determine the values of the random variable

X = {1,2,3,4,5,6}
Constructing Probability Distribution
Construct a probability distribution
Outcomes (x) Frequency (f) p(x)
1
2
1
1{
3 1
4 1
5 1
6 1
Total 6 1
Constructing Probability Distribution
Construct histograms

{
Constructing Probability Distribution
A coin is Tossed Twice, Let X be the number of
heads observed.
{
Constructing Probability Distribution
A coin is Tossed Twice, Let X be the number of
heads observed.

Identify the experiment: {


Constructing Probability Distribution
A coin is Tossed Twice, Let X be the number of
heads observed.

Identify the experiment: {


Tossing a coin twice
Constructing Probability Distribution
A coin is Tossed Twice, Let X be the number of
heads observed.
{
Identify the Random Variable
Constructing Probability Distribution
A coin is Tossed Twice, Let X be the number of
heads observed.
{
Identify the Random Variable

X = Number of heads observed


Constructing Probability Distribution
A coin is Tossed Twice, Let X be the number of
heads observed.
{
Determine the Sample Space or Possible outcomes
Constructing Probability Distribution
A coin is Tossed Twice, Let X be the number of
heads observed.
{
Determine the Sample Space or Possible outcomes
Constructing Probability Distribution
A coin is Tossed Twice, Let X be the number of
heads observed.
{
Determine the Sample Space or Possible outcomes

S = {TT,TH,HT,HH}
Constructing Probability Distribution
A coin is Tossed Twice, Let X be the number of
heads observed.
{
Determine the values of a random variable
Constructing Probability Distribution
A coin is Tossed Twice, Let X be the number of
heads observed.
{
Determine the values of a random variable

X = {0,1,2,}
Constructing Probability Distribution
Construct a probability distribution
Outcomes (x) Frequency (f) p(x)
0 1 {
1 2
2 1
Total 4 1
Constructing Probability Distribution
A pair of Dice is rolled, Let X be the sum of the
number of dots on top faces
{
a. Construct probability distribution
b. Create probability histogram
c. Find P(X≥9
d. Find the Probability that X takes an even value
Constructing Probability Distribution
Construct histograms

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