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    The American Revolution

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    kabore adama
    The chapter analyzes the American Revolution from 1776-1783. It discusses the causes of the revolution in the hearts and minds of the people. Key events included General Washington's narrow escape in 1776, the American victory at Saratoga in 1777 which proved important, and the alliance with France that year which was decisive for the American victory. Other major developments were the winter at Valley Forge, British evacuating Philadelphia in 1778, and the defeat of Cornwallis at Yorktown in 1781 which led the British to pursue peace negotiations and acknowledge American independence in the Treaty of Paris in 1783. The revolution functioned as an engine for political experimentation and social transformation in America.

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    The American Revolution

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    kabore adama
    11 views17 pages
    The chapter analyzes the American Revolution from 1776-1783. It discusses the causes of the revolution in the hearts and minds of the people. Key events included General Washington's narrow escape in 1776, the American victory at Saratoga in 1777 which proved important, and the alliance with France that year which was decisive for the American victory. Other major developments were the winter at Valley Forge, British evacuating Philadelphia in 1778, and the defeat of Cornwallis at Yorktown in 1781 which led the British to pursue peace negotiations and acknowledge American independence in the Treaty of Paris in 1783. The revolution functioned as an engine for political experimentation and social transformation in America.

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    The chapter analyzes the American Revolution from 1776-1783. It discusses the causes of the revolution in the hearts and minds of the people. Key events included General Washington's narrow escape in 1776, the American victory at Saratoga in 1777 which proved important, and the alliance with France that year which was decisive for the American victory. Other major developments were the winter at Valley Forge, British evacuating Philadelphia in 1778, and the defeat of Cornwallis at Yorktown in 1781 which led the British to pursue peace negotiations and acknowledge American independence in the Treaty of Paris in 1783. The revolution functioned as an engine for political experimentation and social transformation in America.

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    11 views17 pages

    The American Revolution

    Uploaded by

    kabore adama
    The chapter analyzes the American Revolution from 1776-1783. It discusses the causes of the revolution in the hearts and minds of the people. Key events included General Washington's narrow escape in 1776, the American victory at Saratoga in 1777 which proved important, and the alliance with France that year which was decisive for the American victory. Other major developments were the winter at Valley Forge, British evacuating Philadelphia in 1778, and the defeat of Cornwallis at Yorktown in 1781 which led the British to pursue peace negotiations and acknowledge American independence in the Treaty of Paris in 1783. The revolution functioned as an engine for political experimentation and social transformation in America.

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    of 17

    CHAPTER 5

    THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION


    1776-1783
    OBJECTIVE

    • The chapter analyzes the causes and nature of the American


    Revolution and the problems associated with the founding of
    the nation. 
    Former President John Adams, 1818

    “The revolution was effected before the war commenced. The


    revolution was in the hearts and minds of the people.”
    • With the Revolutionary War,
    Americans forced the British to • It was an engine for
    sue for peace and grant the political experimentation
    colonists their independence. and social transformation
    I- 1776 GENERAL WASHINGTON’S NARROW ESCAPE

    • Americans had many defeats in 1776 and they learned


    that they had to avoid major battles but had to wear down
    the British in a long war of attrition and exhaustion.
    II. AMERICAN SOCIETY AT WAR

    II. 1 Choosing sides


    Patriots: ( Whigs) The largest part of the population
    Loyalists: (Tories), 20% of American population
    Neutrals: Those who went to whoever appeared to be winning
    II-2 Militia and Army

    The continental army: Washington's army was helped by militias


    that fought occasionally

    II-3 financial strains and smallpox


    Times often got rough due to diseases, scarcity of supplies.

    II-4 Behind the Lines


    Prices skyrocketed families were devastated
    III. 1777: SETBACKS FOR THE BRITISH

    III-1 American Saratoga Victory in 1777


    The victory in Saratoga proved critically important to the
    Americans.

    III-2 Alliance with France


    France decided to help Americans through the Franco-American
    alliance this was decisive in American victory.
    IV. 1778: BOTH SIDES REGROUP

    III-1 The Revolutionary Army at Valley Forge


    Difficult situation (cold, hunger, disease).

    III-2 Peace Overtures and the Evacuation of Philadelphia


    Granting all the demands of American patriots by British parliament repeal
    of many acts (ex: Townshend act).

    III-3 Actions on the Frontier


    American victories
    V. THE WAR IN THE SOUTH

    In the south, the war degenerated into brutal guerrilla-style civil


    conflicts between loyalists and patriots, namely in the Carolinas.

    V-1 The Carolinas


    The most significant battle took place at Cowpens, south Carolina, in
    early 1781, where the Americans soundly defeated the British.

    V-2 Yorktown, Virginia


    On Oct. 19, 1781, after being trapped at Yorktown near the mouth of
    Chesapeake bay, British army led by Cornwallis was defeated.
    VI. THE TREATY OF PARIS

    British government decided to pursue peace negotiations in Paris


    in early 1782, with the American side represented by Benjamin
    franklin, john Adams, and john jay.

    With the Treaty of Paris on sept 3, 1783 great Britain


    acknowledged the independence, freedom, and sovereignty of the
    13 former colonies making up the United States.
    VII. THE POLITICAL REVOLUTION

    VII-1 Republican Ideology


    Republicans wanted no monarchy, no aristocracy, but A republic. A
    republican form of government supposed people animated by civic virtue
    and no corruption.

    VII-2 State Constitutions


    After the war the states had to get organized. They formed governments
    that looked like the colonial administration but with selected governors and
    senates.

    VII-3 The Articles of Confederation


    America’s first constitution, the Articles of Confederation, was ratified in
    1781.
    VIII. THE SOCIAL REVOLUTION

    VIII-1 Equality and Its Limits


    There was a spirit of equality around. More people got the right
    to vote.

    VIII-2 The Paradox of Slavery


    Blacks fought on both sides. In the northern states, emancipation
    was almost automatic (during and shortly after the war).
    In the southern states e.g. South Carolina as in most southern
    state, whites refused to manumit (free) slaves.
    VIII-3 The Status of Women

    Women were still confined in the domestic sphere although they had
    proved that they were capable of doing things outside it.

    VIII-4 Indians and The Revolution


    They fought on both sides
    At the end of war, American whites continued to encroach on Indian
    lands, even of those who had fought on their side.

    VIII-5 Freedom of Religion


    Religion was diverse but free/vs during colonization.
    IX. THE EMERGENCE OF AN AMERICAN CULTURE

    Celebration of American Independence Day July 4 (1776).

    IX-1 America’s Destiny


    Americans thought that they were a special people with a special
    mission in history.
    FOCUS QUESTIONS

    1) What challenges faced the British and American military leaders in fighting the Revolutionary
    War?
    2) What were some of the key turning points in the Revolutionary War? How did they change the
    direction of the war?
    3) In what ways did the American Revolution function as a civil war?
    4) How was the Revolutionary War an “engine” for political and social change?
    5) How did the Revolutionary War impact African Americans, women, and Native Americans?
    THANK YOU

    DR. ETTIEN

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