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    Mbarara University of Science and Technology Institute of Computer Science

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    ongica james
    The document provides an overview of Communication Skills Lecture 1 by Ms. Najjobyo Josephine. The key points covered include: 1) Definitions of communication, communication skills, and what makes communication effective. 2) The importance of communication and types of communication including oral, written, and non-verbal. 3) The communication model including sender, encoding, message, receiver, decoding, feedback. 4) Levels of communication like intrapersonal, interpersonal, group, mass, and organizational. 5) What makes a good communicator including being an active listener, effective presenter, and quick thinker.

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    Mbarara University of Science and Technology Institute of Computer Science

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    ongica james
    45 views34 pages
    The document provides an overview of Communication Skills Lecture 1 by Ms. Najjobyo Josephine. The key points covered include: 1) Definitions of communication, communication skills, and what makes communication effective. 2) The importance of communication and types of communication including oral, written, and non-verbal. 3) The communication model including sender, encoding, message, receiver, decoding, feedback. 4) Levels of communication like intrapersonal, interpersonal, group, mass, and organizational. 5) What makes a good communicator including being an active listener, effective presenter, and quick thinker.

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    The document provides an overview of Communication Skills Lecture 1 by Ms. Najjobyo Josephine. The key points covered include: 1) Definitions of communication, communication skills, and what makes communication effective. 2) The importance of communication and types of communication including oral, written, and non-verbal. 3) The communication model including sender, encoding, message, receiver, decoding, feedback. 4) Levels of communication like intrapersonal, interpersonal, group, mass, and organizational. 5) What makes a good communicator including being an active listener, effective presenter, and quick thinker.

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    45 views34 pages

    Mbarara University of Science and Technology Institute of Computer Science

    Uploaded by

    ongica james
    The document provides an overview of Communication Skills Lecture 1 by Ms. Najjobyo Josephine. The key points covered include: 1) Definitions of communication, communication skills, and what makes communication effective. 2) The importance of communication and types of communication including oral, written, and non-verbal. 3) The communication model including sender, encoding, message, receiver, decoding, feedback. 4) Levels of communication like intrapersonal, interpersonal, group, mass, and organizational. 5) What makes a good communicator including being an active listener, effective presenter, and quick thinker.

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    Mbarara University of Science and Technology

    Institute of Computer Science


    PEEM/BME/MIE/CVE/EEE ONE
    SEMESTER 1

    COMMUNICATION SKILLS

    LECTURE ONE

    By

    Ms.Najjobyo Josephine
    +256750083602
    [email protected]
    Lecture overview
    Introduction to communication and
    definitions.
    Importance of communication
    Types of communication
    The communication model
    Levels of communication
    Introduction to communication
    Definition:
    Communication is the transmission
    and reception of message or idea from
    one party to another in such a fashion
    that is mutually understandable.
    Key terms in communication skills cont---
     Communication is a process by which information
    is exchanged between individuals through a system
    of symbols, signs or behavior.
     Skills: is defined as a learned power of doing
    something competently and something that is a
    developed aptitude or ability.
     Communication Skills: can be learned and used to
    effectively deliver your message. Polishing your
    communication skills can take several avenues.
    According to the definition we can note that
    communication is considered effective only if it :
     achieves the desired reaction or response from the
    recipient.
     Involves people ( a receiver and a sender)
     Involves sharing a meaning
     Involves a message
    Importance of Communication
     Essential ingredient in management – employee
    relations
    A link in an organization
     Over comes human problems
     Reduces friction between interested parties
     Shapes organization’s behavior
    Types of Communication
    1. Oral / verbal communication

    2. Written communication

    3. Non verbal communication


    (1) Oral communication

    Definition
    Oral communication is known as face – to –
    face communication and may be in form of
    direct talk and conversation or the public
    address, meeting of two or more people.
    It also includes telephone calls or talking on
    intercom systems
    Advantages of oral communication

     It makes possible speedy interchange with


    immediate feed back.
     People can make questions and clarify points.
     It is direct, simple, time saving and least expensive
    form of communication.
     It helps in avoiding delays, red tape and other
    formalities.
     It conveys personal warmth and friendliness.
     Any misunderstandings can be cleared immediately.
    Disadvantages of oral communication
     There is no formal record of transaction.
     The meetings can be costly in terms of time and
    money.
     Spontaneous responses may not be carefully
    thought.
     Lengthy and distant communication cannot be
    conveyed verbally.
     Distortions can occur during the communication
    process.
     The spirit of authority cannot be transmitted
    effectively.
    (2) Written communication

    Definition .
    This is any idea, message that is
    conveyed between two or more people
    through writings or documentations.
    A written communication is generally in
    form of instructions, letters, memos,
    formal reports, rules, and regulations,
    policy manuals, information bulletins etc.
    Advantages of written communication

     Provides records, references, and legal defenses.


     Written messages can be stored and retrieved at a late
    date.
     it can be stored for a long time.
     It can give allowance for detailed feed back.
    Disadvantages of written communication

     It can be very time consuming for lengthy reports.


     There is no feedback opportunity.
     Written material may leak out before time causing
    disruption in its business
     It leads to excessive formality in personal relations.
    (3) Non – verbal communication

    Definition

    It is basically any form or style that conveys a message


    between two or more people without using words. E.g.
    facial expressions, tones of voice, gestures, eye
    contact and cultural differences.
    Advantages of non – verbal communication

    Can present a major portion of our mental


    capacity.
    It is independent of verbal messages.
    Information is perceived by all senses.
    It supports the verbal communication.
    Disadvantages of non – verbal communication

    Misinterpretation
    Insufficientinformation
    Exaggeration
    Distracting
    Subjective (no audience)
    Can not be stored
    No consistency
    No immediate feed back
    Highly influenced by personality
    Relationship between verbal and non – verbal
    communication

    Complimenting

    Substituting

    Repeating

    Contradiction
    Communication model

    Noise

    sender encoding Message Receiver


    Decoding

    Feed back
    The Sender/ Encoder
    The person who initiates the communication
    process, and is normally referred to as the sender.
    From his personal data bank he selects ideas,
    encode and finally transmits them to the receiver.
    The entire burden of communication then rests
    upon the sender or encoder.
    Communication begins with the sender, who may
    want to communicate his ideas, needs, intentions
    or other pieces of information.
    Encoding
    This is the process inside the human mind
    in the form of motor skills, muscles
    system or sensory skills that instruct the
    ideas to be conveyed into a series of
    symbols or gestures or some other format
    of expression
    Message

    A message is the physical form of the


    thought, which can be experienced and
    understood by one or more senses of the
    receiver. It could be inform of hearing,
    reading or physical gestures.
    A message is the encoded idea transmitted
    by the sender.
    Message cont---

    The formulation of the message is very


    important, for an incorrect patterning can
    turn the receiver hostile or make him lose
    interest. At this point the sender must be
    extremely cautious. What is the order in
    which he/she would like to present his
    ideas? The order should be based on the
    requirements of the listener so that its
    significance is immediately grasped.
    Decoding
    The message is sent to the receiver using a
    selected channel. The receiver converts the
    message into a thought. This is done in the
    same manner as encoding by motor skills,
    muscle system or sensory skills and he/she
    interprets the message being
    communicated for the meaning.
    The receiver/ Decoder
    The receiver is the person for whom the message is
    meant for.
    He has to be ready for the message so that it can be
    decoded in thought. The decoding of the message is
    done in almost entirely the same terms as were
    intended by the sender.
    Feedback
    It is the response from the receiver to the sender
    indicating that he/she received the message. This is
    the most important component of communication.
    Effective communication takes place????
    The errors and flaws that are bound in business
    situations are a result of lack of feedback.
    Let us take a look at the typical responses of
    people involved in miscommunication. “This is not
    what I meant” or “this is not what I said” or “That is
    not my intention”…
    Feedback---
    If feedback is solicited on all occasions,
    this error can be minimized or even
    completely done away with.
    A feedback determines whether the
    message was clearly understood and the
    required action taken.
    Feedback therefore completes the
    communication loop.
    Noise

    Noise is anything that distracts and distorts information.


    E.g A noisy environment may hinder the development
    of a clear thought, Noise may lead to inaccurate
    reception which may be caused by intention or
    accident. Hence decoding too may be faulty because
    the wrong meaning may be attached to words and
    other symbols.
    Levels of Communication
    Levels of Communication describe Applications
    of Communication for Professional or Other use
    namely;

    1)Intrapersonal (Within a person)


    2)Interpersonal (Face to face)
    3)Group communication
    4)Mass communication
    5)Organizational (intra/inter)
    6)Local/Regional/National/International
    Communication & the Organisation

    Understanding communication process is critical


    to management of the organization. Managers
    should understand that communication is rarely
    understood as it should be. The distortion of
    the message can happen at any of the stages in
    communication process-sender, receiver,
    encoding, decoding, channel, message and
    feedback.

    Prof.Appalayya Meesala, Professor of Management in Deccan School of Management


    http://ezinearticles.com/?expert=Dr.Appalayya_Meesala
    What makes a good communicator?
    What makes a good communicator?

    Oral Written
    Academic Writing
    Presentation
    Revision and editing
    Audience Awareness
    Critical Reading
    Critical Listening
    Presentation of Data
    Body Language

    Non-Verbal
    Audience Awareness
    Personal Presentation
    Body Language

    http://science.uniserve.edu.au/projects/skills/jantrial/communication/communication.htm
    What makes a good communicator?

    In other words...
     An active listener

     An effective presenter

     A quick thinker

     A win-win negotiator

    We will be examining each of these areas in detail over the coming weeks
    Next Lecture
    Lecture 3&4 Shall Focus on the
    Communication Network.
    We shall Look Into;
    1)Define Your Understanding of Effective
    Communication
    2)Effective communication in an Organisation
    3)The 7C’s of Effective communication
    4)Barriers to Communication
    5)Communication Patterns
    The End
    Thanks for your attention and contribution

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