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Introduction To Translation Studies

1. The document discusses key concepts in translation studies, establishing it as an independent discipline focused on analyzing translations within their cultural contexts. 2. It addresses the dichotomy of translating words versus sense, and challenges traditional categorizations with the concept of prototypology that admits blurred boundaries. 3. An integrated approach is proposed that considers the macro-structure of texts rather than isolating individual words, and situates phenomena within their larger situational and cultural contexts.

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107 views21 pages

Introduction To Translation Studies

1. The document discusses key concepts in translation studies, establishing it as an independent discipline focused on analyzing translations within their cultural contexts. 2. It addresses the dichotomy of translating words versus sense, and challenges traditional categorizations with the concept of prototypology that admits blurred boundaries. 3. An integrated approach is proposed that considers the macro-structure of texts rather than isolating individual words, and situates phenomena within their larger situational and cultural contexts.

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MSM Tiger
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Introduction to translation

Studies
Lecture 1
Discussion Points
1. Translation studies as an independent discipline 7 1.1
2. Translation and traditional language study 7 1.2
3. Literary and linguistic orientations 8 1.2.1
4. The dichotomy of word and sense 9 1.2.2
5. Categories and principles 11 1.2.3
6. The illusion of equivalence 13 1.2.4
7. Translation as manipulation 22 1.3
8. Categorization and text-type 26 1.3.1
9. Prototype and gestalt 26 1.3.2
10. Text-typologies and the prototypology 29 1.4
11. An integrated approach
Translation studies as an independent
discipline
• Development of concepts and methods, both from translation theory
and linguistics
• Word vs sense

• Examples:
• Duapatta
• Halwa
• Pakora
Focus of Translation
• The focus of interest has widened
• from the purely historical to the contemporary,
• from the prescriptive to the descriptive,
• from the theoretical system to the concrete realization,
• from the micro-level of the sign to the macro-structure of the text.
How it works? Task 1 (Urdu to other
languages)

Translation

Literary linguistic Manipilative


The dichotomy of word and sense
1. Either the translator leaves the 1. Translator
author in peace and moves the 2. Author
reader towards him,
3. Reader
2. or he leaves the reader in
peace and adapts the author.

• Author and reader completely


lose sight of each other if
methods are mixed
Categories and principles

Discussion? 1. Etienne Dolet 1540


French scholar
2. Alexander Tytler 1790
British scholar
3. John Dryden 1680
…..late 20th century
Poet and translator of
English poetry
The illusion of equivalence

• the central concept of translation equivalence

• The traditional dichotomy of “faithful” or “free” to a


presupposed interlingual tertium(3rd) comparationis.
• Literal or free translation
• source-language oriented or target-language oriented translation
Equivalent
1. the closest natural equivalent of the source
language message,
2. first in terms of meaning and secondly in
terms of style
Translation as manipulation - “Manipulation School”

• Thus beyond the basic theoretical framework, the studies of this group are
concrete and empirical,
• with a strong emphasis on practical fieldwork and case studies.
1. Concentrate on describing and analyzing translations (lefevere 1984),
2. Comparing different translations of the same work (though again descriptively
rather than on an evaluative basis),
3. On investigating the reception of translations
Holmes …….Translation studies
How it works?.......Task 2

Translation

Literary linguistic Manipilative


Categorization and text type
• Task
• Summarize
Text-typologies and the prototypology
• the theory of natural categorization
• “requires not only a very different theory of categories, but a different
world-view to go with it”
Lakoff
Dimensions of language
What is established?
1: Translation studies …. Not another discipline or sub-discipline ?

• Translator and the translation theorist ….. concerned with a world


between
• disciplines,
• languages and cultures.
2: Texts against
their situational and cultural background
• An analysis of parts cannot provide an understanding of the whole,
which must be analyzed from “the top down ”
3: Categorization
Typology is replaced by the prototypology,
• admitting blends and blurred edges,
• and the dichotomy gives way to the concept of a spectrum or cline
• against which phenomena are situated and focused
4. Translation studies vs classic approach
Words or individual items

1. To isolate phenomena (mainly words) and study them in depth

2. Relevance in the larger context of text, situation and culture


Questions

• How technology has changed translation perspectives?


Final project
• Term paper
• Translation project
• Framework
• Adding theoretical contribution

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