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    Menstrual Cycle

    Uploaded by

    Kim Ramos
    The menstrual cycle is the process of changes that occur in the female reproductive system in preparation for potential pregnancy. It occurs approximately every 28 days and has 4 main phases: the menstrual, follicular, ovulatory, and luteal phases. During the menstrual phase, the uterine lining is shed through menstruation. The cycle then progresses through the follicular and ovulatory phases where an egg is selected and released from the ovaries. In the luteal phase, the corpus luteum secretes hormones to prepare the uterus in case of fertilization and implantation. If implantation does not occur, the corpus luteum breaks down, ending the cycle.

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    Menstrual Cycle

    Uploaded by

    Kim Ramos
    310 views18 pages
    The menstrual cycle is the process of changes that occur in the female reproductive system in preparation for potential pregnancy. It occurs approximately every 28 days and has 4 main phases: the menstrual, follicular, ovulatory, and luteal phases. During the menstrual phase, the uterine lining is shed through menstruation. The cycle then progresses through the follicular and ovulatory phases where an egg is selected and released from the ovaries. In the luteal phase, the corpus luteum secretes hormones to prepare the uterus in case of fertilization and implantation. If implantation does not occur, the corpus luteum breaks down, ending the cycle.

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    The menstrual cycle is the process of changes that occur in the female reproductive system in preparation for potential pregnancy. It occurs approximately every 28 days and has 4 main phases: the menstrual, follicular, ovulatory, and luteal phases. During the menstrual phase, the uterine lining is shed through menstruation. The cycle then progresses through the follicular and ovulatory phases where an egg is selected and released from the ovaries. In the luteal phase, the corpus luteum secretes hormones to prepare the uterus in case of fertilization and implantation. If implantation does not occur, the corpus luteum breaks down, ending the cycle.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    310 views18 pages

    Menstrual Cycle

    Uploaded by

    Kim Ramos
    The menstrual cycle is the process of changes that occur in the female reproductive system in preparation for potential pregnancy. It occurs approximately every 28 days and has 4 main phases: the menstrual, follicular, ovulatory, and luteal phases. During the menstrual phase, the uterine lining is shed through menstruation. The cycle then progresses through the follicular and ovulatory phases where an egg is selected and released from the ovaries. In the luteal phase, the corpus luteum secretes hormones to prepare the uterus in case of fertilization and implantation. If implantation does not occur, the corpus luteum breaks down, ending the cycle.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 18

    Is

    episodic uterine bleeding in response to hormonal changes. A process that allows for conception and implantation of a new life. Also known as female reproductive cycle.

    starts

    from the age of about 12 to14 and continues up to the age of 45 to 50 years. During this period certain rhythmic changes take place in the reproductive organs- the ovaries and the uterus - the duration of the cycle is typically 24-35 days, and is followed by a discharge of blood through the vagina, which is called menstruation.

    The

    length of cycles differ from woman to woman, but the average length is 28 days. The length of the average menstrual flow (termed menses)is 4 to 6 days.

    Purpose:
    To

    bring an ovum to maturity and renew a uterine tissue bed that would be responsible for the ovas growth if it is fertilized.

    Characteristic Beginning (menarche)

    Description Average age at onset 12.4 years; average range 9-17 years. Average 28 days

    Interval between cycles

    Duration of menstrual flow Average flow, 2-7 days. Amount of menstrual flow Color of Menstrual Flow Average 30-80 mL /menstrual period Dark red: (blood, mucus & endometrial cells) Similar to that of marigolds.

    Odor

    Maturing Egg Egg

    Egg

    From Pilliteri:

    Menstrual Cycle
    Proliferative phase

    Secretory phase

    Ischemic phase

    Menstrual phase

    28 days

    From other books:

    Menstrual Cycle
    Menstrual phase Follicular phase Ovulatory phase Luteal phase

    28 days

    is a periodic discharge of 25-80 mL of blood and mucus due to certain reduction in hormonal level. The first day is used to mark the beginning of a new menstrual cycle Initiated by the degeneration of the corpus luteum.
    Menstruation

    Shedding

    of uterine lining and rupturing of uterine capillaries take place. Lasts for 3-5 days. The menstrual flow or menses is composed of:
    Blood from ruptured capillaries  Mucin from glands  Fragments of endometrial tissue  Microscopic, atrophied, and unfertilized ovum.
    

    Follows

    menstruation. Ranges from 6 to 13 days in a 28-day cycle. Also known as pre-ovulatory phase. This stage is controlled by estrogen secreted by the ovaries.

    lining increases in thickness, becomes more vascular and glands become prominent. One of the secondary ovarian follicles in one ovary had outgrown all others and is called the dominant follicle.
    Uterine

    The

    rupture of mature (Graafian) follicle with the release of secondary oocytes into the pelvic cavity; usually occurs on the 14th day of the 28day cycle.

    The

    uterus thickens and prepares to receive the fertilized egg. Lasts for 14 days from day 15-28 After ovulation LH secretion stimulates the remnant of the mature follicle to develop into the corpus luteum.

    The

    corpus luteum secretes increasing quantities of progesterone and some estrogen.

    If

    fertilization occurs, the corpus luteum continues to grow due to human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) produced by the fertilized ovum. If fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum degenerates towards the end of the cycle. (ischemic)

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