Gender and ASRH

Gender and ASRH
Service Providers Training

Lister House - Bulawayo
Objectives
By the end of the session participants will be
able to
• Define at least six gender terms
• Distinguish between gender roles and sex
roles
• State how gender values, attitudes,
stereotypes and behaviour impact on
adolescents at personal and societal level
Objectives cont
• Outline the impact of socialisation on gender
based violence
• Identify support systems and legal framework
for survivors of GBV
Definition of terms
Gender- socially constructed concept that carries
with it expectations and responsibilities
Sex- identifies the biological and physical
differences between male and female
Gender role- set of rules set down by society that
tells us how to behave according to our sex and
gender. The rules are made by culture not
biology usually assigned at birth
Definition of terms cont
Gender identity- a person`s inner sense of being male
and female usually developed during early childhood
Gender equity-set of actions, attitudes and
assumptions that provide opportunities and create
expectations about individuals. It means fairness and
justice.
Gender equality- means equal treatment of women
and men in legislation, policies at the workplace and
equal access to resources and services
Terms cont
Gender based violence- behaviour that violates
one`s human rights based on one`s gender
Socialisation-how a society and thinking shapes
norms and attributes values, behaviours and
identity of an individual
Stereotypes-rigidly held beliefs that men and
women by virtue of their biological make up,
possess distinct psychological traits,
characteristics and abilities
Terms cont
Discrimination- distinction, exclusion or
restriction made on the basis of socially
constructed gender roles and norms which
prevents a person from enjoying full human
rights
Gender
• Socially constructed roles
• Expected responsibilities
• Social attributes on how to think/act
• Dynamic
• Differs from culture to culture
Sex(male/female)
• Biological difference
• Mutually exclusive categories
• Differences in genitalia
• Anatomical and physiological
differences(penis, vagina, sperm, ovary ,
menses , wet dreams)
• Consistent throughout the human race
Impact of socialisation on gender
• Gender division of labour
This gives males tasks outside the home that
requires less time which gives boys and young
men more chances of being exposed to risky
situations. Girls are given time consuming
tasks and within the home as a result
restricting them to stay within the home
Impact cont
Dress code- boys and girls are socialised to dress
differently, this includes colours and who should
wear what
Physical segregation-boys are expected to play
with boys, girls with girls. Rough games are for
boys while lighter games are considered to be
for girls
Emotional responses- crying is considered
feminine and weakness on the part of boys
Impact cont
Intellectual responses- girls are discouraged
from talking back and expressing their
opinions.
Social institutions- these are the mediums for
socialisation from which adolescents learn the
messages about gender. These include the
media and the community
Gender roles
Productive roles-activities/tasks which involve the
production of goods and services for
consumption or sale on the market. Men and
women are involved in different capacities
Reproductive roles-these are biological functions
that are related to one`s
Community roles-activities and tasks which involve
collective organisation of services and social
events eg funerals, ceremonies, church services
Impact of gender values and stereotypes
Personal level
• Low self esteem
• Susceptibility to STIs, HIV and unintended
pregnancies
• Sexual drive and enjoyment
impact
Societal level
• Denial of women to access and control their
own lives, bodies, economic resources
• Relegation of women to the domestic sphere,
subordination to men
• Lack of participation of women in
development
Violation of women`s sexual and RH rights
• Right to life
• Right to bodily integration and security of the
person
• Right to privacy
• Right to seek, receive and impart information
• Right to education
• Right to health
• Right to equality in marriage and divorce
Gender based violence
Discuss types of violence
• Sexual harrassment/violence
• Emotional and psychological abuse
• Physical violence
• Economic abuse
Action to take in any case of violence
• Discuss to take when any type of violence has

been identified
• What are the support systems that are
available
Legal terrain
• Discuss what are the laws that are there to
protect citizens against gender based violence
Moment to reflect
• Are you playing a part in gender based
violence reduction?
• What can you do in your area to minimise GBV
• Are you yourself a victim
• Thank you
• Ndatenda chose

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Gender and ASRH

Service Providers Training

• Discuss to take when any type of violence has

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