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System of Linear Enequalities

The document discusses systems of linear inequalities and their solutions. It provides examples of: 1) Determining whether an ordered pair satisfies a linear inequality. 2) Graphing individual linear inequalities by plotting the boundary line and shading the correct region. 3) Finding the solution region of a system of linear inequalities by graphing each inequality and finding their intersection.

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Rastaman Yow
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47 views28 pages

System of Linear Enequalities

The document discusses systems of linear inequalities and their solutions. It provides examples of: 1) Determining whether an ordered pair satisfies a linear inequality. 2) Graphing individual linear inequalities by plotting the boundary line and shading the correct region. 3) Finding the solution region of a system of linear inequalities by graphing each inequality and finding their intersection.

Uploaded by

Rastaman Yow
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SYSTEM OF LINEAR

ENEQUALITIES
SOME EXAMPLES OF LINEAR INEQUALITIES ARE:

• 3x – y > – 2

• x + 3y ≤ 0

• 5x – 3 < 4y
• A linear inequality in x and y can be written in one of the
following forms:
• Ax + By > C, Ax + By < C, Ax + By ≥ C, Ax + By ≤ C

• Where A, B, and C are real numbers and A and B are


both not equal to 0.
• Note: The solutions of linear equation in x and y
can be expressed in ordered pairs (x,y). as with
linear equations, solutions of linear inequalities
can be also expressed in ordered pairs. An
ordered pair (x,y) is a solution of an inequality in
x and y if a true statement results when the
variables in the inequality is replaced by the
coordinates of the ordered pair.
EXAMPLE 1: DETERMINE WHETHER EACH
ORDERED PAIR IS A SOLUTION OF 2X + 3Y ≤ 6.

• (–2, 1)

• (1,2)
A. ( –2,1)
• Solution:
• In each case, substitute the x-coordinate for x and the y-coordinate for y in the
inequality 2x + 3y ≤ 6. A true statement will be obtained if the ordered pair is a
solution.
• For (–2,1):
• original inequality
• 2x + 3y ≤ 6
• Replace x with -2 and y with 1
• 2(-2) + 3(1) ≤ 6
• Simplify
• –4 + 3 ≤ 6
• Add.
• –1 ≤ 6
• Since –1 ≤ 6 is true, (–2,1) is a solution of 2x + 3y ≤ 6.
B. (1,2)
• Solution
• original inequality
• 2x + 3y ≤ 6
• Replace x with 1 and y with 2  
• 2(1) + 3(2) ≤ 6
• Simplify
• 2+6≤6
• Add.  
• 8≤6

• Since 8 ≤ 6 is false, (1,2) is not a solution of 2x + 3y ≤ 6


GRAPHING A LINEAR INEQUALITY
• To graph a linear inequality:
• Graph the related linear equation. The related equation has an
equal sign in place of the inequality symbol. If the inequality
symbol is ≤ or ≥, then draw a solid line. If the inequality symbol
is < or >, then draw a dash line.
• Choose an ordered pair on one side of the boundary line(line of
the equation) and test this ordered pair in the inequality. If the
ordered pair satisfies the inequality, then shade the region that
contains it. If the ordered does not satisfy the inequality, then
shade the region on the other side of the boundary line.
EXAMPLE 2:
GRAPH THE FOLLOWING INEQUALITIES:

•x + y < 3

• y + 2x ≥ 4
X+Y<3
• Solutions:
• We graph the boundary line x + y = 3 using any method learned. In this method find any
value of x, we will use 0, 3, and 1.

x y (x,y)
0 3 (0,3)
3 0 (3,0)
1 2 (1,2)
• Plot each ordered pair. (0,3), (3,0), (1,2)

• Since the original equation is less than “<“ we need to use dash line.
• To know where to shade the graph. We test a point that is not on the line such as, (0,0)
• x+y<3
• 0+0<3
• 0<3
• Since this is true, the half plane containing (0,0) is the graph of the solution. Shade this
part to show that every point in the half plane is a solution.
Y + 2X ≥ 4
• y + 2x = 4
• Again think of any values for x. In this example we’ll use x = {0,1,2}

x y (x,y)
0 4 (0,4)
1 2 (1,2)
2 0 (2,0)
• Plot each ordered pair (0,4), (1,2), (2,0)

• Since the original equation is less than “ ≥“ we need to use solid line.
• To know where to shade the graph. We test a point that is not on the line such as, (0,0)
• y + 2x ≥ 4
• 0 + 2(0) ≥ 4
• 0 ≥ 4 (False)
• Since this is false, half of the plane containing (0,0) is not the graph of the solution. Shade the
other half of the plane to show that every point in that plane is a solution.
SYSTEMS OF LINEAR INEQUALITIES
• A system of linear inequalities is a set of two or more
inequalities considered simultaneously.

• A solution of a system of linear inequalities is an


ordered pair of numbers that satisfies each linear
inequality in the system.
EXAMPLE 3: DETERMINE WHETHER THE
ORDERED PAIR IS A SOLUTION OF THE GIVEN
 x  2 y  11
SYSTEM OF  y  2 x  7 LINEAR INEQUALITIES.

• (6,4)

• (5,3)
 x  2 y  11

 y  2x  7 (6,4)
• Replace x with 6 and y with 4
• x + 2y > 11
• 6 + 2(4) > 11
• 6 + 8 > 11
• 14 > 11 (True)
Since both inequalities are true,
• y ≤ 2x – 7 the ordered pair (6, 4) is a solution
• 4 ≤ 2(6) – 7 of the system

• 4 ≤ 12 – 7
• 4 ≤ 5 (True)
 x  2 y  11

 y  2x  7(5,3)
• Replace x with 5 and y with 3.
• x + 2y > 11
• 5 + 2(3) > 11
• 5 + 6 > 11 Although the ordered pair (5, 3) satisfies the second
• 11 > 11 (False) inequality, it does not satisfy the first inequality. Thus,
(5, 3) is not a solution.
• y ≤ 2x – 7
• 3 ≤ 2(5) – 7
• 3 ≤ 10 – 7
• 3 ≤ 3 (True)
• We have seen that the graph of a linear inequality in
two variables is a half-plane. Thus, we could expect the
graph of a system of two linear inequalities to be
overlapping half-planes.
• Consider the system of linear inequalities.
x  y  3

 2
 y  x 3
 5
• To graph this system, we begin by graphing each
inequality.
• To verify if this is true, we can a point such as point (-5,3) that lies in the intersection
of the two shaded region and show that its coordinates satisfy both inequalities.
• x+y<3
• –5 + 3 < 3
• –2 < 3 (True)

• (True)
• Because the coordinates of A satisfy each equation, point A is a solution. However, if
we pick a point that is not in the said intersection, its coordinates will not satisfy both
inequalities.
• The preceding results suggest the following procedure:
SOLVING SYSTEMS OF LINEAR INEQUALITIES

• Graph each linear inequality in the


system on the same coordinate plane.
• Find the region where the graphs
overlap.
• Pick a test point in the region to verify
the solution.
EXAMPLE 4: GRAPH THE SYSTEM OF LINEAR
INEQUALITIES.

x  2 y  3
 
x  1  y  x 1
• The graph of x ≤ 2 is the half-plane The graph of y > 1 is the half-plane above the
on and to the left of the dashed line y = 1.
solid line x = 2.
• The graph of y < 3 is the The graph of y > x – 1 is the half-plane
Half-plane below the dashed line y = 3 above the dashed line y = –1
• Finally, the graph of the system is the intersection of the two half-planes.
(The violet with blue graph)
• Finally, the graph of the system is the intersection of the two half-planes.
• (The graph with red at the same time green)

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