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Models of Interaction

The document discusses several models of human-computer interaction. It describes Norman's 7-stage model of interaction which focuses on the user's perspective. It also explains Abowd and Beale's framework which extends Norman's model and depicts the interaction between the user, input, system, and output. The frameworks aim to understand where problems can occur in the translation between what the user intends, the actions specified, and what the system produces in order to improve interface design and usability.

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Gerlyn Joy Incillio
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
134 views

Models of Interaction

The document discusses several models of human-computer interaction. It describes Norman's 7-stage model of interaction which focuses on the user's perspective. It also explains Abowd and Beale's framework which extends Norman's model and depicts the interaction between the user, input, system, and output. The frameworks aim to understand where problems can occur in the translation between what the user intends, the actions specified, and what the system produces in order to improve interface design and usability.

Uploaded by

Gerlyn Joy Incillio
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Models of

Interaction

Terms of interaction
Norman model
Interaction framework
Some terms of interaction

Domain – the area of work under study


e.g. graphic design
Goal – what you want to achieve
e.g. create a solid red triangle
Task - how you go about doing it
e.g. select fill tool, click over triangle

Note
-traditional interaction
-use of terms differs a lot especially task/goal
Donald Norman’s model
• Seven stages
- user establishes the goal
- formulates intention
- specifies actions at interface
- executes action
- perceives system state
- interprets system states
- evaluates system state with respect to goal

• Norman's model concentrate on user’s view of the


interface.
Execution/evaluation loop

Goal
Execution Evaluation
System

• User establishes the goal


• Formulates intention
• Specifies actions at interface
• Executes system state
• Interprets system state
• Evaluates system state with respect to goal
Using Norman’s model
Some systems are harder to use than others

Gulf of Execution
user’s formulation
*actions allowed by the system

Gulf of Evaluation
user’s expectation of changed system state
*actual presentation of this states
Human error – slips and mistakes

Slip
- Understand system and goal
- Correct formulation of action
- Incorrect action mistake
- May not even have right goal

Fixing things?
Slip – better interface design
Mistake – better understanding of system
Abowd and Beale framework

Extension of Norman..
Their interaction framework has 4 parts.
O
- User output
- Input S U
- System core task
- Output I
input

Each has its own unique language

Interaction = translation between languages .


Problems in interaction = problems in translation.
Using Abowd and Beale’s model

User intentions
Translated into actions at the interface
Translated into alterations of system state
Reflected in the output display
Interpreted by the user

General framework for understanding interaction


Not restricted to electronic computer system
Identifies all major components involved interaction
Allows comparative assessment of systems
An abstraction

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