Eye Donation/ Councelling/Keratop Lasty

EYE DONATION/
COUNCELLING/KERATOP
LASTY
WHAT IS CORNEA?
• THE CORNEA IS A CLEAR TRANSPARENT DOME IN FRONT
OF THE BLACK PORTION OF THE EYE. IT IS ALSO THE MAIN
FOCUSSING SURFACE, WHICH CONVERGES LIGHT RAYS AS
THEY ENTER THE EYE TO FOCUS ON THE RETINA. IT IS THUS
THE MOST IMPORTANT PART OF THE OPTICAL APPARATUS
OF THE EYE.
• LOSS OF TRANSPARENCY DIRECTLY RESULTS IN LOSS OF

VISION.
WHAT IS CORNEAL
TRANSPLANTATION?
A CORNEAL TRANSPLANTATION IS AN OPERATION WHICH REPLACES THE
OPAQUE CORNEA WITH A CLEAR CORNEA OBTAINED FROM A HUMAN
DONOR EYE.
WHO CAN BE AN EYE DONOR?

Anyone practically from the age of 1 year, no maximum age limit. Poor
eyesight and age make no difference. Spectacle wearers, persons who
had cataract surgery, diabetics and hypertensives can donate eyes. The
ultimate decision about usage for transplantation will be made after
evaluation.
WHO CANNOT BE A DONOR?
• Death of an unknown cause.
• Death due to infections viz. rabies, syphilis, septicemia, infectious
hepatitis and Aids.
HOW TO DONATE?
One is authorized to donate the eyes of their relatives after their death.
The eyes need to be collected within 6 hours of death. So call the eye
bank as early as possible after their death.
EYE BANKING
• Eye bank is an organization which deals with the
collection, storage and distribution of cornea for
the purpose of corneal grafting, research and
supply of the eye tissue for other ophthalmic
purposes.
FUNCTIONS OF AN EYE BANK:
• Promotion of eye donation by increasing awareness in general
public.
• Registration of the pledger for eye donation.
• Collection of the donated eyes from the diseased.
• Receiving and processing the donor eyes.
• Preservation of the tissue for short, intermediate, long or very
long term.
• Distribution of the donor tissues to the corneal surgeon.
• Research activities for improvement of the preservation
methodology, corneal substitute and utilization of the other
components of eye.
EYE BANK PERSONNEL
1. EYE BANK INCHARGE: qualified ophthalmologist to evaluate, process
and distribute the donor tissue.
2. EYE BANK TECHNICIAN: to assist in enucleation of donor eyes, to
assist in corneal preservation and storage.
3. CLERK CUM STOREKEEPER: to distribute cornea to eye surgeons/eye
banks.
4. MEDICAL SOCIAL WORKER OR PUBLIC RELATION OFFICER: to promote
voluntary eye donation.
5. DRIVER CUM PROJECTIONIST: to maintain vehicle of the eye bank,
and screen films of eye donation.
EYE COLLECTION CENTRES
• These are peripheral satellites of an eye bank for better functioning.
• One collection centre is located at an urban area with a population of
more than 200,000. About 4-5 collection centres are attached with
each eye bank.
FUNCTIONS OF EYE COLLECTION CENTRE
• Local publicity for eye donation.
• Registration of voluntary donors.
• Arrangement for collection of eyes after death.
• Initial processing, packing, transportation of collected eyes.
PERSONNEL NEEDED FOR EYE COLLECTION
CENTRE
• Ophthalmic technician
• Local honorary workers/voluntary agencies
• Services of honorary ophthalmic surgeon or medical officer trained in
enucleation available on call
LEGAL ASPECT
The collection and use of donated eyes come under the preview of
“THE TRANSPLANTATION OF HUMAN ORGANS ACT, 1994”
FACTS ABOUT EYE DONATION
• Almost anyone at any age can pledge to donate eyes after death, all
that is needed is a healthy cornea.
• Eye donation gives sight to 2 blind persons as one eye is transplanted
to one blind person.
• The donated eyes are never bought or sold. Eye donation is never
refused.
• The eyes cannot be removed from a living person inspite of his/her
consent and wish.
KERATOPLASTY
• Keratoplasty, also called corneal grafting or corneal transplantation is an operation where patient’s
diseased cornea is replaced by healthy clear cornea.
TYPES
A. AUTOKERATOPLASTY, which can be
• ROTATIONAL KERATOPLASTY
• CONTRALATERAL KERATOPLASTY
B. ALLOGRAFTING OR ALLO-KERATOPLASTY: It can be of following types:

• PENETRATING KERATOPLASTY (PK): full thickness grafting
• LAMELLAR KERATOPLASTY (LK): partial thickness grafting, which may be
Anterior lamellar keratoplasty (ALK)
Posterior lamellar keratoplasty (PLK), also known as Endothelial keratoplasty (EK)
• SMALL PATCH GRAFT (for small defects)
INDICATIONS
• INDICATIONS OF PENETRATING KERATOPLASTY:
1. OPTICAL- bullous keratopathy, corneal opacity, dystrophies, advanced
keratoconus.
2. THERAPEUTIC- to replace inflamed cornea not responding to conventional
therapy
3. TECTONIC GRAFT- to restore integrity of eyeball
4. COSMETIC- to improve the appearance of eyeball
INDICATIONS OF ENDOTHELIAL KERATOPLASTY
1. Fuchs endothelial dystrophy

2. Pseudophakic corneal edema
3. Posterior polymorphous dystrophy
4. Aphakic corneal edema
5. Iridocorneal endothelium syndrome
6. Failed corneal graft
COMPLICATIONS
1.EARLY COMPLICATIONS
• Flat anterior chamber
• Iris prolapse
• Secondary glaucoma
• Infection
• Epithelial defect
• Primary graft failure
2. LATE COMPLICATIONS
• Graft rejection
• Recurrence of disease
• Astigmatism
THANK YOU

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EYE DONATION/

• LOSS OF TRANSPARENCY DIRECTLY RESULTS IN LOSS OF

WHO CAN BE AN EYE DONOR?

B. ALLOGRAFTING OR ALLO-KERATOPLASTY: It can be of following types:

1. Fuchs endothelial dystrophy

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