Building Planning and Estimates

ICE 03
Course Syllabus
COURSE OUTLINE
I. Building Planning- Principles and Factors
I.1 Introduction to Building Planning
I.2 Factors Affecting the Planning of Building
1.3 Principles of Building Planning
II. Requirements in Preparing the Plans
2.1 The Preparation of Building Plans
2.2 Team Players in the Planning and Construction of a
Project
2.3 Engineers and Consultants Required in Preparing
Building Plans
 2.4 Location/ Vicinity Map of the Project Site
2.5 Site Development Plan
2.6 Inspection of the Project Site
2.7 Preparation of the Preliminary Studies
2.8 Drafting the Final Working Drawings
III. Working Drawings and Details (2-Storey Residence)
3.1 Architectural Plans and Detail Drawings
3.2 Structural Design Computations and Detail
Drawings
3.3 Electrical Plans, Load Analysis, Computations and
Riser Diagrams, Specifications
3.4 Plumbing Plans, Details, and Specifications
IV. MIDTERM EXAMINATION

V. Introduction to Building Estimates

5.1 Cost Involved in Building Estimates
5.2 Importance of Building Estimates in Construction
5.3 Preparation of Building Estimates
VI. Estimating Bill of Materials
6.1 Cement, Sand, Gravel and Fill
6.2 CHB and Decorative Concrete Blocks
6.3 Reinforcing Steel Bars
6.4 Lumber, Boards, Nails, and Bolts
6.5 Roofing Sheets, Tiles and Accessories
 6.6 Windows, Doors, and Accessories
6.7 Materials For Building Finishes
6.8 Plumbing Pipes and Fixtures
6.9 Electrical Wiring and Accessories
6.10 Estimating Paints and Coatings

VII. Building Estimates Templates and Software

7.1 Excel Spreadsheets
7.2 Softwares
VIII. FINALTERM EXAMINATION
What Is Building Planning?
• Building planning is the method of setting or
arranging various components or units of a building in
a systematic manner to form a meaningful and
homogeneous structure to meet its functional
purpose.

What Is Planning?
It is the process of thinking about and organizing the
activities required to achieve the desired goal.
Factors that Affect Planning of Building
1. Function of Building Planning
Building Planning depends on its functional use like
Residential buildings, Educational buildings, Institutional
buildings, Assembly buildings, Public buildings, Business
buildings, Mercantile buildings, commercial buildings,
industrial buildings, Storage buildings, Hazardous
buildings, etc.
2. Topography
The topography of the site is also affecting factor for
Planning of Building. Topography like Plain grounds,
Sloping grounds, Undulating ground, Elevated site, Low
lying area, etc.

3. Climatic Condition
Climatic parameters such as sun and humidity are the
most controlling factors in the design of a building
Planning.
4. Building Bye-laws
Every local Municipal body and Urban development
authorities have their bye-laws and regulations regarding
the planning of buildings like clear open spaces to left
around the building, permissible height of the building,
permissible construction area, etc.
5. Orientation
In building planning orient means East. Orientation means
the placement of building to face the East. The
orientation of a building has a deep relationship with its
surrounding environment.
In Building planning,
orientation is a very
important factor that is
directly connected to the
standards of thermal
comfort and ventilation
within the building.

Figure 1. Some building planning

has a long axis running east-west.
Smaller surface areas facing east
and west receive less sunlight in the
early morning and late afternoon of
summer months, while a larger
surface facing south receives more
sunlight at noon over the winter
months.
Principles of Building Planning
1. Aspect
In building planning, the Aspect is the placement of various
rooms in any buildings w.r.t. all four directions in such a
way that the users of the building would enjoy the natural
comforts like sunlight, fresh air, scenery, etc. to the
maximum possible extent at different hours of the day.
This refers to the planned arrangement of the doors and
windows of the external walls to get sunlight,breeze and a
good view of the scenery outside.
The aspect of different rooms of a residential building is as shown
below:
2. Prospect
Prospect is the outside view wished by the users of the
building from certain rooms of that building. It is to enrich
the outside view i.e., elevation or end-view created by
prominently exposing the better constructed and better-
looking portions and at the same time concealing from the
view any undesirable ones.
A building is said to have prospect when it presents a good
and pleasing appearance when seen from outside. It is used
to mean the external views as seen from certain rooms of
the building.
3. Privacy
It is a vital part while building planning of all types in general
and residential buildings in particular. Privacy may be from
one part to another of the same building or it could be from
neighboring buildings, streets, etc.

External Privacy
Privacy is of the whole building planning regarding the
surrounding buildings or roads or some external point outside
the subjected building.
Internal Privacy
Internal privacy is privacy within the building. Privacy in
internal rooms can be maintained by a proper grouping of
various areas and elements, location of doors and windows,
circulation space. The main door when opened, should give
the minimum view of the internal room for an entering
person.
4. Circulation
In building planning, Circulation is movement or access of the
users within the building and it may be both horizontal and
vertical circulation.
Vertical circulation:
Circulation among various floors of the building like – Stairs,
lifts.
The position of doors dictates the area of circulation which
in turn controls privacy, comfort, and convenience. Circulation
inside the house should be independent, short, straight,
systematic, and should not disturb the privacy of any room of
the building. All the passages and stairs should be well
ventilated, lighted, properly planned regarding width, rise,
and tread. Stairs should not have winder steps.
5. Roominess
The roominess factor is used to get maximum benefits from
the minimum dimension of the room in the building planning.
The effect of roominess depends on the relative dimension
of length, width, and height of the room. The size and shape
of the room is also an important factor for roominess. It is
normally observed that rectangular rooms have more
roominess factors compare to square rooms.
It is concerned with making an impression of spaciousness.
6. Grouping:
Grouping means setting different rooms of a building as per
their inter-relationship of invitation and transition in the
building planning. Grouping is the method of planning or
arranging two or more related rooms in the proximity of each
other.
The rooms are arranged in the layout in a proper correlation
of their functions and due proximity with each other.
Grouping varies according to the type of building.
7. Elegance
Elegance is the appearance of a building attained mainly
owing to the elevation which in turn depends on the plan. Site
selection of project also affects elegance.
To get good elegance of a building it is better if elevation is
developed first and then the plan is adjusted accordingly.
The selection of a site or open plot for the construction of a
building greatly affects elegance.
Elegance refers to the
planning of elevation and
layout of the plan to
give an impressive
appearance to the
bulding.
8. Sanitation
It is the provision of various components of the building like
light, ventilation, cleanliness, water supply, and sanitary
facilities, etc.
For residential building window area should not less than
1/10th of the floor area and In school not less than 1/5th of
the floor area.
9. Flexibility
Flexibility means that a room that is planned and designed
for a function or a specific purpose be used for another
purpose, if so required.
This refers to the ability of a building to continuously adapt
its space layout and even its structure to evolving needs.
10. Economy
The economy is a major factor while planning any building.
The building plan should offer a minimum floor area with
maximum utility. It will reduce the cost of construction of
buildings and hence it will become economic.
11. Furniture Requirement
In building planning, A room should have enough space to
accommodate all the furniture required for the maximum
number of persons without overcrowding. The area of the
room is not related only to furniture sizes, but also to their
arrangement.
12. Practical Consideration
End of Slides