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    Decision Support System

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    Aditya Panch
    - Decision support systems (DSS) are interactive computer-based systems that help decision-makers utilize data and models to solve unstructured problems. They provide fast responses, support complex problem-solving, and allow natural interaction. - A DSS has three main components: a database for data storage and retrieval, decision models for data analysis and manipulation, and a user interface for interaction. It draws on both internal and external data sources to facilitate decision-making. - DSS help organizations by evaluating scenarios, identifying patterns in large datasets, conducting optimization and simulation, and developing models to compute optimal mixes and facilitate group communication.

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    Decision Support System

    Uploaded by

    Aditya Panch
    257 views42 pages
    - Decision support systems (DSS) are interactive computer-based systems that help decision-makers utilize data and models to solve unstructured problems. They provide fast responses, support complex problem-solving, and allow natural interaction. - A DSS has three main components: a database for data storage and retrieval, decision models for data analysis and manipulation, and a user interface for interaction. It draws on both internal and external data sources to facilitate decision-making. - DSS help organizations by evaluating scenarios, identifying patterns in large datasets, conducting optimization and simulation, and developing models to compute optimal mixes and facilitate group communication.

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    - Decision support systems (DSS) are interactive computer-based systems that help decision-makers utilize data and models to solve unstructured problems. They provide fast responses, support complex problem-solving, and allow natural interaction. - A DSS has three main components: a database for data storage and retrieval, decision models for data analysis and manipulation, and a user interface for interaction. It draws on both internal and external data sources to facilitate decision-making. - DSS help organizations by evaluating scenarios, identifying patterns in large datasets, conducting optimization and simulation, and developing models to compute optimal mixes and facilitate group communication.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    257 views42 pages

    Decision Support System

    Uploaded by

    Aditya Panch
    - Decision support systems (DSS) are interactive computer-based systems that help decision-makers utilize data and models to solve unstructured problems. They provide fast responses, support complex problem-solving, and allow natural interaction. - A DSS has three main components: a database for data storage and retrieval, decision models for data analysis and manipulation, and a user interface for interaction. It draws on both internal and external data sources to facilitate decision-making. - DSS help organizations by evaluating scenarios, identifying patterns in large datasets, conducting optimization and simulation, and developing models to compute optimal mixes and facilitate group communication.

    Copyright:

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    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 42

    DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM

    By: ANSHU AGRAWAL BARKHA SAYAMVAR EBRAHIM HUSAINY HARSHIL RUPANI LATIKA RUPANI SAMIKSHA RANKA

    OVERVIEW
    Definition Understanding & Concept Characteristics Types of DSS Architecture Impact of DSS on decision making Components of DSS system and programs Fundamental DSS program structure Conceptual model of DSS Types of tools Functions & Capabilities of DSS applications Users & Limitations of DSS

    DEFINITION OF DSS
    Scott Morton define decision support system as interactive computer based systems, which help decision makers utilize data and models to solve unstructured problems. Gerrity defines DSS as an effective blend of human intelligence, information technology, and software which interact closely to solve complex problems.

    UNDERSTANDING OF DSS
    DSS are: Computer based facilities for assisting human decision making. DSS differs from MIS and TPS. Designed to facilitate the solutions of problems less structured. Collection of data and data collecting tools. Their models are often quite complex and dynamic.

    CONCEPT OF DSS
    DSS model has 3 phases
    Intelligence Design Choice

    These systems are helpful where the decisionmaker calls for complex manipulation of data. The decision support system helps in making a decision and also in its performance evaluation.

    CHARACTERISTICS OF DSS
    Ability to support the solution of complex problems. Fast response to unexpected situations that result in changed inputs. Designed to help support decisions that are formulated as semi-structured, complex problems. May be constructed to support one time decisions.

    Contd
    DSS is typically designed for either a particular decision-maker or a group of decision makers. Allows the decision maker to interact in a natural manner. DSS generator (software) can be used. It is a way to organize information intended for use in decision making.

    Contd
    A decision support system is conceptualised as a process instead of a product. Ability to quickly and objectively try different strategies under different configurations. Facilitates communication Consistent and objective decisions

    ARCHITECTURE OF A GENERIC DSS APPLICATION


    MIS DATA DSS MODEL TPS DATA

    EXTERNAL DATA DSS PROGRAM

    DSS USER

    GRAPHS

    REPORTS

    TYPES OF DESITION SUPPORT SYSTEM


    STATUS INQUIRY SYSTEM DATA ANALYSIS SYSTEM INFORMATION ANALYSIS SYSTEM ACCOUNTING SYSTEM MODEL BASED SYSTEM

    IMPACT OF DSS ON DICISION MAKING


    THE DATA REQUIRED FOR THE DECISION FACED BY TOP MANAGEMENT ARE EXTERNAL AND UNSTRUCTURED. DSS ARE NOT WELL UNDERSTOOD AND HAVE BEEN SLOW TO GAIN ACCEPTANCE. MANAGEMENT DECISION MAKING RELIES ON INTUITION, EXECUTIVE SENSITIVITY,AND OTHER UNQUANTIFIABLE DATA.

    COMPONENTS OF DSS

    Components of DSS Database Decision Statistics & Manipulation Display

    DATABASE
    Develops Information. Coordinates the Flow. Capture the data. Centralize all Data.

    DECISION MODELS
    Sophisticated. Complicated. Quantitative & Qualitative conceptualisation. Expresses perceptions.

    STATISTICS & MANIPULATION


    Produces meaningful Information. Involves Various Operation. Involves two aspects of data analysis.

    Fundamental DSS Program Structure

    Fundamental DSS Program Structure


    Users interface with the dialogue management component The model management component maintains & executes models of business activity. The data management component maintains DSS data.

    TYPES OF TOOLS/MODELS
    DSS

    BEHAVIOURAL MODELS

    MANAGEMENT SCIENCE MODELS

    BEHAVIOURAL MODELS
    Useful in understanding the behaviour amongst the business variables Decision-maker make decisions on such behavioural relationships Various models of this category: Trend Analysis Forecasting Statistical Analysis

    USES IN AREAS
    Process control Manufacturing Agricultural sciences Marketing Psychology

    MANAGEMENT SCIENCE MODELS


    Decision-maker makes decision on the proven methods of management Various models of this category: Business management Accounting Econometrics

    CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF A DSS


    The conceptual model consists of : Database and its management Database Management Systens (DBMS) Modelbase and its Management Modelbase Management Systems (MBMS) Hardware of DSS User System Interface

    DATABASE & ITS MANAGEMENT


    Database is Collection of inter-related data Corresponds to the need and structure of a company Used for more than one application Can be compared to a file

    DATABASE MANAGES THE FOLLOWING DATA:


    Finance Marketing Personnel Production

    Database Management Systems (DBMS)


    Database is created, accessed and updated by a DBMS It is a series of software programs DBMS standardizes large and complex files

    It PROVIDES SIX MAJOR FEATURES


    Capability of obtaining answers to queries Establishing data relationships Achieving data independence Quick retrieval of data Data security

    Modelbase and its Management


    Modelbase is divided into 2 major parts:
    1) Pre-written computer programs Includes standard models Eg. Linear programming or regression analysis 2) Model building blocks Pre-written programs and sub routines can be used to construct ad hoc applications

    Modelbase Management Systems (MBMS)


    It is a software system It integrates new routines and reports, model updates and changes and data manipulation. It is capable of inter-relating models with appropriate linkages

    Hardware of DSS
    Typically used to run a large DSS in the mainframe computer User constructed DSS also run on microcomputers for managerial use In this a graphic display is of very importance Charts, graphs, diagrams, pictures can be produced in colour

    User System Interface


    This component includes languages and devices With which information is entered into the computer and displayed

    CAPABILITIES OF DSS
    Can update or manipulate the database and also select data. Create special reports in a desired format. Perform calculations and execute aggregation of data. Produce reports, memos, letters and resumes.

    Construct simple mathematical models. Perform financial analysis in spreadsheet form. Conduct optimization. Perform simulation.

    FUNCTIONS OF DSS
    Becoming familiar with the problem domain. Determining sensitivity of results to changes in decision variables. Identifying patterns. Predicting decision outcomes.

    Developing models of business processes. Computing optimum mixes. Facilitating group communication.

    LIMITATIONS OF DSS
    SMALL MEMORIES SLOW INDIVIDUAL USE

    DSS USERS
    Decision making in an organization occur in three main levelsSTRATEGIC MANAGERIAL OPERATIONAL

    CASE STUDY 1
    DSS at Brunswick Corp. At Brunswick Corp, a diversified billion-dollar corporation, a DSS from Thorn EMI computer software is used routinely to save time and money in key marketing and financial areas. The software helped Brunswick staff model in analyzing scenarios that depicted various corporate reorganization. These changes were evaluated as measures to prevent an acquisition. The what-if analysis indicated that Brunswicks divestiture of its medical group might curtail an unwanted takeover attempt and force the hostile firm to abandon its acquisition bid. Acting on that information, an American home products firm was allowed to acquire Brunswicks Sherhood medical products division. Brunswick then remained on independent entity and continued operation.

    CASE STUDY 2
    CASE STUDY OF GSFC Decision Support System (DSS) evaluates the economy of operations with respect to energy and product costs in the fertilizer complex for its various processing plants. Introduction: Gujarat State Fertilizers & Chemicals (GSFC) Ltd. is a petrochemical and fertilizer products manufacturing company. GSFC requires a large amount of energy in the form of steam and power for its process plant operations.

    SOLUTION

    PLANT LOAD CALCULATION POWER AND STEAM

    POWER
    CALCULATE INTERNAL POWER REQUIREMENT BASED ON GIPCL CONSTRAINTS

    STEAM

    COST OF FUEL AND ALGORITHMS AVAILABILITY OF FUEL

    BASED COST ALGORITHM (COMPLEX LOGIC) DISPLAY OF STEAM/POWER GENERATION DEMAND FROM VARIOUS SOURCES

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