Unit 1 - Step Forward

Welcome to Level 5!
Unit 1
Step Forward!
What are we going to learn in this unit?
Talk about how we deal with change.
Talk about past difficulties.
Discuss issues and agree strongly.
Write an opinion essay.
Talk about daily life in the past.

1.1 – Life changes – Vocab – Facing Challenges.
Accept (Verb) – To admit that something is true, it is often something unpleasant.
They just accepted that their relationship was over and decided to separate.
Adapt (Verb) – To change your behavior so that it is suitable for a new situation.
There was no public transportation, but they quickly adapted to the situation and used their scooters.
Be a step forward (Phrasal Verb) – To be an improvement or to indicate progress.

His promotion to assistant manager was a big step forward.
Be capable of (Phrasal Verb) – To have the abilities or qualities to be able to do something.
With enough training, human beings are capable of extraordinary things.
Be frightened of (Phrasal Verb) – To be afraid/ scared of something.

My sister is totally frightened of flying.
Can’t take (Phrasal Verb) – To not be able to deal with an unpleasant situation.
Laura can’t take all the pressure at work.
Cope With (Phrasal Verb) – To deal successfully with a difficult situation.
Scientists who work in the arctic have to cope with extreme situations.
Get a grip (Phrasal Verb) – To make an effort to control your emotions and behave more calmly.
Ellen was shouting about the mess in her room. She really needs to get a grip.
Get Through (Phrasal Verb) – To succeed in a difficult or testing situation.

The trip was really difficult, but they got through it all.
Resist (Verb) – To refuse to accept or be changed by something.
The old donkey was really stubborn and resisted any attempts to move.
Survive (Verb) – To continue to exist, and not to fail or be destroyed.

Camels can survive without water for several weeks.
Tackle (Verb) – To try and deal with something or with someone.

It took him days of hard work. He was finally able to tackle the problem and solve it.
Underestimate (Verb) – To fail to guess or understand the real cost, size or difficulty of something.
He underestimated the number of boxes they would have to take.
Welcome (Verb) – To be pleased about and encourage or support something.

Luke was always welcomed change. He keeps trying new things.
1.1 – Life changes – Grammar – Present Habits.
A habit is a routine or a behavior that is repeated regularly.
For a habit that is more noticeable or frequent than usual, you can use “always” or “constantly” with the Present
Continuous (is/am/are + verb –ing)
You can use the modal “will” for present habits.
You can use the verb “tend to” + a verb to talk about present habits.
You can use the present continuous for a continuing activity that happens at the same time as another habit.
We use “keep on” to emphasize that an action is repeated frequently.

Sorry, I keep on forgetting your name.
We use “tend to” to describe typical states.

She tends to shout a lot.
My parents tend to be very laid back.
Adverbs of Frequency.
We use them to describe how

frequently a habit is done.
Create your own sentences.

Describe your present habits using these activities.
Make sure you use the correct grammar form and adverbs of frequency if needed!
1.2 – Memory Lane – Vocab – Describing Annoying Things!
Awkward (Adjective) – Difficult or causing problems.
It was definitely awkward to carry the mattress on the bike.
Be a Waste of Time (Phrasal Verb) – To be a bad use of time, especially when time is limited.
Flying home through Chicago was a waste of time.
Be Hard to Operate (Phrasal Verb) – (Of A Machine) – To be difficult to use or make work.
All these machines seem so complicated and hard to operate.
Clumsy (Adjective) – (Of a thing) – Too big or complicated to be dealt with easily.
The first commercial cell phones were really clumsy.
Complex (Adjective) – Involving a lot of different but connected parts in a way that is difficult to understand.
The problem was complex, it took our teacher several classes to explain it.
Drive Somebody Crazy (Phrasal Verb) – To make someone feel angry or annoyed.
The girl kicking the back of his seat was driving me crazy!
Frustrating (Adjective) – Making you feel annoyed because things are not happening in the way that you want or in
the way that they should.
My last project at work was very frustrating.
Get on Somebody’s nerves (Phrasal Verb) – To annoy someone, especially by doing something again and again.
These kids are getting on my nerves.
Infuriating (Adjective) – Extremely Annoying.

The traffic in this city can be really infuriating.
Lose Patience (Phrasal Verb) – To stop being patient and become annoyed.
I am starting to lose my patience with this guy. If he doesn’t stop playing soon, I will leave.
Time Consuming (Adjective) – Needing a lot of time.

Doing the laundry can sometimes be really time consuming.
Tricky (Adjective) – Difficult to deal with or do.

Putting the dresser together was very tricky!
1.2 – Memory Lane – Grammar – Past Habits.
Used to + Infinitive (Base form of the Verb)
We can use “used to” to talk about past states that are not true anymore.
We used to live in New York when I was a kid.

There didn’t use to be a supermarket here.
We can also use “used to” to talk about past habits (repeated past actions) that don’t happen
anymore.
I used to go swimming every Thursday.

She used to smoke but she gave up a few years ago.
We can use “would” to talk about repeated actions in the past that do not happen anymore.
Every Saturday I would go on a long bike ride.

My dad would read me amazing stories every night at bed time.
(Time is usually specified in any form).
Past Simple: We can use the past simple as an alternative to “used to” or “would”.
The main difference is that the simple past does not emphasize the repeated action or the continuous nature of
that action.
The past simple does not make it clear that this thing/action is no longer true.
I went to Dubai in 2011.

Rules
Used to, didn’t use to, never used to can show past habits, repeated past actions, and past states.
Would (not) can mean the same thing as (not) used to for past habits and repeated actions. Do not
use would (not) for past states.
You can use the simple past for past habits, repeated past actions, and past states.
Use the simple past for single completed past actions

I just watched the last episode of Stranger Things.

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Welcome to Level 5!

Talk about how we deal with change.

Talk about past difficulties.

Discuss issues and agree strongly.

Write an opinion essay.

Talk about daily life in the past.

Be a step forward (Phrasal Verb) – To be an improvement or to indicate progress.

Be frightened of (Phrasal Verb) – To be afraid/ scared of something.

Get Through (Phrasal Verb) – To succeed in a difficult or testing situation.

Survive (Verb) – To continue to exist, and not to fail or be destroyed.

Tackle (Verb) – To try and deal with something or with someone.

Welcome (Verb) – To be pleased about and encourage or support something.

You can use the modal “will” for present habits.

We use “keep on” to emphasize that an action is repeated frequently.

We use “tend to” to describe typical states.

We use them to describe how

Create your own sentences.

Infuriating (Adjective) – Extremely Annoying.

Time Consuming (Adjective) – Needing a lot of time.

Tricky (Adjective) – Difficult to deal with or do.

We used to live in New York when I was a kid.

I used to go swimming every Thursday.

Every Saturday I would go on a long bike ride.

(Time is usually specified in any form).

I went to Dubai in 2011.

Use the simple past for single completed past actions

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