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PERSONALITY

Personality is influenced by biological factors, environment, and individual choices. It influences behavior and can be described using attributes like self-esteem, self-efficacy, locus of control, and risk-taking. Some key personality types discussed are Type A vs Type B personalities and levels of self-monitoring and Machiavellianism.

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Ashlesha Yadav
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385 views12 pages

PERSONALITY

Personality is influenced by biological factors, environment, and individual choices. It influences behavior and can be described using attributes like self-esteem, self-efficacy, locus of control, and risk-taking. Some key personality types discussed are Type A vs Type B personalities and levels of self-monitoring and Machiavellianism.

Uploaded by

Ashlesha Yadav
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PERSONALITY

Dr. Kavita Singh


Faculty of Management Studies
University of Delhi
DELHI - 110007
Variables influencing Individual Behaviour

Person Environment
•Skills & abilities •Organization
•Personality •Work Group
•Perception •Job
•Attitude & Values •Personal life
•Ethics

B = f (P,E)
Personality

Personality is a relatively stable set of


characteristics that influences an
individual’s behaviour
PERSONALITY DETERMINANTS
Biological factors/ Genes:
Heredity,
Physical features
Brain

Environment
Socialization process,
Identification process,
Home environment

Situational factors/
Individual choices
Personality Attributes

 Self-esteem
 Self-efficacy
 Self-monitoring
 Locus of control
 Type A & B personalities
 Risk Taking
 Machiavellianism
Self-Esteem
It is the judgment one makes about one’s own
worth
High esteem people
 Like themselves
 have high expectations for success
 feel confident that they can achieve their goals
Low esteem individuals
 lack confidence
 look to others for praise and reinforcement
 avoid conflict and conform to expected norms
Self-Efficacy

A person’s belief about his or her chances of


successfully completing a specific task.
Sources of Self-efficacy:
 Prior experience
 Behavior models
 Persuasion from others
 Assessment of physical/emotional state
Self-Monitoring
This refers to the degree to which people are
sensitive to others and adapt their behaviour to
meet external expectations and situation needs
High self-monitors
 are adept at separating their private from their
public selves
 can assume a personality to satisfy an audience
Low self-monitors
 reveal themselves much more clearly
 not very flexible in interacting with different types
of people
Locus of Control
Extent to which people believe that they are the
masters of their own fates
•Internal
•External (others)
•External (Chance)
Type A and Type B
Type A
 Tries to achieve more in less time
 Moves, walks, eats rapidly
 Impatient
 Does many things at once
Type B
 Less time urgency
 Plans for fun and
 Can relax without guilt
 Less discussion of accomplishments
Risk Taking
Degree to which people will take or
avoid risks
 High risk takers make faster decisions
and use less information
 Risk-aversive people are more
cautious, make decisions more
carefully, and try to minimize risk.
Machiavellianism
The extent to which a person
manipulates others for personal gains
High Mach person
 maintains emotional distance and
 manipulates more
 exploit others
 believes that the end justify the means

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