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Investigating Principles Governing Motion

The document compares Aristotle and Galileo's views on motion. Aristotle classified motion as natural or violent, and believed objects require force to maintain horizontal or projectile motion. Galileo disagreed, inferring through experiments that objects in a vacuum fall with uniform acceleration and that no force is needed to sustain horizontal motion. He also demonstrated that the rate of free fall is independent of mass. The document discusses their differing explanations for vertical, horizontal, and projectile motion.

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meljan degamon
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7K views30 pages

Investigating Principles Governing Motion

The document compares Aristotle and Galileo's views on motion. Aristotle classified motion as natural or violent, and believed objects require force to maintain horizontal or projectile motion. Galileo disagreed, inferring through experiments that objects in a vacuum fall with uniform acceleration and that no force is needed to sustain horizontal motion. He also demonstrated that the rate of free fall is independent of mass. The document discusses their differing explanations for vertical, horizontal, and projectile motion.

Uploaded by

meljan degamon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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I G AT I N G PR I N C I P L E S

INVE ST
GOVERNI N G M O T I O N  

LE AN VIEW S O F MOT IO N
ARISTOTELIAN VS. GALI
LESSON OBJECTIVES
• 1. COMPARE AND CONTRAST ARISTOTELIAN AND GALILEAN CONCEPTIONS
OF VERTICAL MOTION, HORIZONTAL MOTION, AND PROJECTILE MOTION

• 2. EXPLAIN HOW GALILEO INFERRED THAT OBJECT IN VACUUM FALL WITH


UNIFORM ACCELERATION, AND THAT FORCE IS NOT NECESSARY TO
SUSTAIN HORIZONTAL MOTION;

• 3. CITE PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS OF PRINCIPLES INVOLVING MOTION IN


OUR DAY TO DAY LIVING AND SKETCH IT USING A PENCIL AND PEN IN A
PAPER

• 4. RELATE PRINCIPLES OF MOTION TO YOUR FEELINGS AND EMOTIONS


ACTIVITY “4 PICS IN 1 WORD”

•TRY TO GUESS THE CORRECT WORD FROM THE JUMBLED LETTERS


PRESENTED IN THE POWER POINT PRESENTATION. HINTS/CLUES
ARE IN THE PICTURES PRESENTED (5PTS. FOR EVERY CORRECT
ANSWER)
TIMOON
MOTION
CLESINRPIP
PRINCIPLES
TEVACIRL
VERTICAL
LATNIROZHO
HORIZONTAL
LETIJECROP
PROJECTILE
PRIME MOVERS OF MOTION CONCEPTS AND
PRINCIPLES
PRIME MOVERS OF MOTION CONCEPTS AND
PRINCIPLES

ARISTOTLE GALILEO
MOTION
• IS THE MOVEMENT OR CHANGE IN LOCATION OF AN OBJECT OVER TIME. IT
IS OFTEN DESCRIBED IN TERMS OF DIRECTION, LOCATION, AND SPEED.

• ARISTOTLE AND GALILEO WERE TWO OF THE MOST IMPORTANT


HISTORICAL FIGURES IN PHYSICS. THEY MAY HAVE HAD OPPOSING VIEWS
REGARDING MOTION, BUT THEY BOTH HELPED SCIENCE PROGRESS.
ARISTOTLE
•CLASSIFIED MOTION AS NATURAL AND VIOLENT.
• CONSIDERED THE FOUR ELEMENTS --- EARTH, WATER, AIR, AND FIRE--- AS THE
PROPER PLACES
• HE ALSO CATEGORIZED NATURAL MOTION IN TERMS OF DIRECTION STRAIGHT
UP, STRAIGHT DOWN, AND CIRCULAR (E.G., MOTION OF CELESTIAL BODIES)
• VIOLENT MOTION – AN IMPOSED MOTION EITHER BY PULLING OR PUSHING.
GALILEO
•• “A MOTION IS SAID TO BE UNIFORMLY ACCELERATED WHEN, STARTING
FROM REST, ITS SPEED RECEIVES EQUAL INCREMENTS IN EQUAL TIMES”
•• FORCED BY THE CHURCH TO GIVE-UP WORKING ON ASTRONOMICAL
MATTERS, GALILEO RETURNED TO HIS EXPERIMENTS ON THE LAWS OF
MOTION.
HORIZONTAL MOTION

• A MOTION IN A HORIZONTAL PLANE EITHER NORTH, SOUTH, EAST, AND WEST


• ACCORDING TO ARISTOTLE
ARISTOTLE MENTIONED THAT BODIES REQUIRE FORCE TO MAINTAIN HORIZONTAL
MOTION
• ACCORDING TO GALILEO
IN THE CONTRARY, GALILEO ASSERTED THAT IF THERE IS NO INTERFERENCE, A BODY
IN MOTION WILL KEEP MOVING IN A STRAIGHT LINE FOREVER. HE FURTHER ADDED
THAT THERE IS NO NEED TO APPLY FORCE FOR IT TO CONTINUOUSLY MOVE. THE
EXTERNAL FORCE WILL ACT UPON THE BODY NOT TO KEEP IT FROM MOVING, BUT FOR IT
TO STOP MOVING.
FREE FALL
•IS A TYPE OF MOTION WHEREIN NO OTHER FACTORS ASIDE
FROM GRAVITY INFLUENCES THE ACCELERATION OF AN
OBJECT.
•HOW IS THIS EXPLAINED BY ARISTOTLE AND GALILEO?
ACCORING TO ARISTOTLE

•ARISTOTLE USED A PIECE OF PAPER AND A COIN IN A THOUGHT


EXPERIMENT TO EXPLAIN FREE FALL. ACCORDING TO HIM, IF YOU
DROP A PIECE OF PAPER AND A COIN FROM THE SAME HEIGHT AT
THE SAME TIME, THE COIN WOULD FALL FASTER AND HIT THE
GROUND FIRST BECAUSE IT WAS HEAVIER.
ACCORDING TO GALILEO
• GALILEO DISPROVED ARISTOTLE'S IDEA OF FREE FALL. THE PROBLEM WAS,
GALILEO DID NOT HAVE A VACUUM TO VERIFY HIS CLAIM.
• GALILEO WANTED TO PROVE THAT THE RATE OF FALL OR ACCELERATION OF
AN OBJECT IS INDEPENDENT OF THEIR MASS. TO TEST HIS HYPOTHESIS, HE
SIMULTANEOUSLY DROPPED A CANNONBALL AND A MUSKET BALL WITH
DIFFERENT MASSES FROM THE LEANING TOWER OF PISA. HE DISCOVERED
THAT BOTH BALLS HAD THE SAME ACCELERATION.
PROJECTILE MOTION

•PROJECTILE MOTION IS A FORM OF MOTION EXPERIENCED


BY AN OBJECT OR PARTICLE (A PROJECTILE) THAT IS
THROWN NEAR THE EARTH'S SURFACE AND MOVES ALONG
A CURVED PATH UNDER THE ACTION OF GRAVITY ONLY (IN
PARTICULAR, THE EFFECTS OF AIR RESISTANCE ARE
ASSUMED TO BE NEGLIGIBLE).
ACCORDING TO ARISTOTLE

•A CANNONBALL WHEN FIRED FROM A CANON MOVES IN A


STRAIGHT HORIZONTAL LINE BECAUSE OF A FORCE THAT MADE IT
MOVE CALLED IMPETUS. WHEN THE CANNONBALL LOSES THIS
IMPETUS, IT WILL FALL TO THE GROUND ABRUPTLY AS SHOWN IN
THE VERTICAL PATH DIRECTED TO THE GROUND.
ACCORDING TO GALILEO

•GALILEO HAD ANOTHER THING IN MIND. HE EXPLAINED THAT


WHEN YOU FIRE A CANON, THE CANNONBALL MOVES IN A TWO-
DIMENSIONAL MOTION. THE CURVED/PARABOLIC PATH TAKEN BY
THE CANNONBALL INDICATES THAT WHILE THE CANNONBALL IS
MOVING FORWARD, GRAVITY PULLS IT DOWN.
ACTIVITY “FALL FOR YOU”
MATERIALS: 5 PESO-COIN, 1 WHOLE PAPER, METER STICK, GLUE, PEN
SETUP A DIRECTIONS: HOLD A PEN AND 1 WHOLE PAPER ONE METER ABOVE THE GROUND. DROP BOTH ITEMS
SIMULTANEOUSLY. MEASURE THE TIME IT HIT THE GROUND.
SETUP B DIRECTIONS: ATTACH THE PEN TO THE PAPER USING A GLUE. DROP BOTH ITEMS SIMULTANEOUSLY.
MEASURE THE TIME IT HIT THE GROUND.
INDIVIDUAL ACTIVITY

•DRAW AT LEAST 1 ROAD SIGNS AND HAZARDS AND RELATE


IT TO THE PRINCIPLE OF MOTIONS ACCORDING TO
GALILEO AND ARISTOTLE
GROUP ACTIVITY “GREAT MOTION CHART”
PERFORMANCE TASK
RELATE THE PRINCIPLES OF MOTION TO YOUR FEELINGS, EMOTION OR YOUR
PERSONALITY. CONCEPTUALIZED AN IDEA RELATING THE TWO VIA:
• SHORT SPEECH
• SONG
• YELL
• POEM
THANK YOU & GOD BLESS

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