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Data Analysis Using Python Lab Ex3

The document discusses regular expressions (regex) in Python. It explains that regex uses patterns to search and find strings. It provides examples of regex patterns and special characters used to define patterns. It also demonstrates how to use the re module in Python to work with regex, including functions like re.match(), re.findall(), and re.sub() to search, extract, and replace regex patterns in strings.

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PRABHAKAR K
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28 views

Data Analysis Using Python Lab Ex3

The document discusses regular expressions (regex) in Python. It explains that regex uses patterns to search and find strings. It provides examples of regex patterns and special characters used to define patterns. It also demonstrates how to use the re module in Python to work with regex, including functions like re.match(), re.findall(), and re.sub() to search, extract, and replace regex patterns in strings.

Uploaded by

PRABHAKAR K
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Data Analysis using Python Lab

Ex.no: 3
Regular Expression: Demonstrate usage of regular expression

 In this tutorial, you will learn about regular expressions


(RegEx), and use Python's “re” module to work with RegEx

 A Regular Expression (RegEx) is a sequence of characters that


defines a search pattern. 

 For example ---- ^a...s$

The above code defines a RegEx pattern. The pattern is: any


five letter string starting with a and ending with s.
Ex.no: 3
Regular Expression: Demonstrate usage of regular expression

 A Regular Expressions (RegEx) is a special sequence of


characters that uses a search pattern to find a string or set of
strings. It can detect the presence or absence of a text by
matching with a particular pattern, and also can split a pattern
into one or more sub-patterns. Python provides a re module
that supports the use of regex in Python. Its primary function
is to offer a search, where it takes a regular expression and a
string. Here, it either returns the first match or else none.
Ex.no: 3
Regular Expression: Demonstrate usage of regular expression
 For example ---- ^a...s$
The above code defines a RegEx pattern. The pattern is: any
five letter string starting with a and ending with s.
A pattern defined using RegEx can be used to match against a
string.
Ex.no: 3
Regular Expression: Demonstrate usage of regular expression
 Python has a module named “ re ” to work with RegEx.
Here's an example:
import re
pattern = '^a...s$‘
test_string = 'abyss‘
result = re.match(pattern, test_string)
if result: print("Search successful.")
else: print("Search unsuccessful.")

 Here, we used re.match() function to search pattern within


the test_string. The method returns a match object if the
search is successful. If not, it returns None.
Ex.no: 3
Regular Expression: Demonstrate usage of regular expression
 Specify Pattern Using RegEx

• To specify regular expressions, metacharacters are used. In


the above example, ^ and $ are metacharacters.

 MetaCharacters

• Metacharacters are characters that are interpreted in a


special way by a RegEx engine. Here's a list of metacharacters:

[] . ^ $ * + ? {} () \ |
Ex.no: 3
Regular Expression: Demonstrate usage of regular expression
 [] - Square brackets

• Square brackets specifies a set of characters you wish to


match.
Ex.no: 3
Regular Expression: Demonstrate usage of regular expression
 [] - Square brackets

• Here, [abc] will match if the string you are trying to match


contains any of the a, b or c.
• You can also specify a range of characters using - inside square
brackets.
• [a-e] is the same as [abcde].
• [1-4] is the same as [1234].
• [0-39] is the same as [01239].
• You can complement (invert) the character set by using
caret ^ symbol at the start of a square-bracket.
• [^abc] means any character except a or b or c.
• [^0-9] means any non-digit character.
Ex.no: 3
Regular Expression: Demonstrate usage of regular expression
Ex.no: 3
Regular Expression: Demonstrate usage of regular expression
Ex.no: 3
Regular Expression: Demonstrate usage of regular expression
Ex.no: 3
Regular Expression: Demonstrate usage of regular expression
Ex.no: 3
Regular Expression: Demonstrate usage of regular expression
Ex.no: 3
Regular Expression: Demonstrate usage of regular expression
Ex.no: 3
Regular Expression: Demonstrate usage of regular expression
Ex.no: 3
Regular Expression: Demonstrate usage of regular expression
Ex.no: 3
Regular Expression: Demonstrate usage of regular expression
Ex.no: 3
Regular Expression: Demonstrate usage of regular expression
Ex.no: 3
Regular Expression: Demonstrate usage of regular expression
 Special Sequences
• Special sequences make commonly used patterns easier to
write. Here's a list of special sequences:
 Special Sequences
 Special Sequences
 Special Sequences
 Special Sequences
 Special Sequences
 re.findall()
• The re.findall() method returns a list of strings containing all
matches.
Example 1: re.findall()
# Program to extract numbers from a string
import re
string = 'hello 12 hi 89. Howdy 34‘
pattern = '\d+‘
result = re.findall(pattern, string)
print(result)

# Output: ['12', '89', '34']


• If the pattern is not found, re.findall() returns an empty list.
 re.sub()
• The method returns a string where matched occurrences are
replaced with the content of replace variable.

• The syntax of re.sub() is:


re.sub(pattern, replace, string)
Example 3: re.sub()
# Program to remove all whitespaces
import re
# multiline string
string = 'abc 12\
de 23 \n f45 6'
# matches all whitespace characters
pattern = '\s+'
# empty string
replace = '‘”
new_string = re.sub(pattern, replace, string)
print(new_string)
# Output: abc12de23f456

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