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FORESTS Re

The document discusses India's forests and the challenges they face. It provides background on the importance of forests and describes the different types of forests in India. India's total forest cover is around 21.71% of its geographic area, though coverage has declined in recent years due to factors like industrial activity, mining, fires, population growth, and urbanization. Current conservation measures aim to better regulate forest usage and encourage reforestation, but climate change and development continue to threaten India's forests.

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31 views10 pages

FORESTS Re

The document discusses India's forests and the challenges they face. It provides background on the importance of forests and describes the different types of forests in India. India's total forest cover is around 21.71% of its geographic area, though coverage has declined in recent years due to factors like industrial activity, mining, fires, population growth, and urbanization. Current conservation measures aim to better regulate forest usage and encourage reforestation, but climate change and development continue to threaten India's forests.

Uploaded by

norrrr
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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RESEARCH PROJECT ON THE

DECLINATION OF FORESTS
INDEX
1. INTRODUCTION
2. COVERAGE
3. CURRENT POSITION
4.REASON FOR DECLINATION
5. MEASURES OF CONSERVATION
6.BIBLIOGRAPHY
7. ACKNOWLEDGMENT
“The mountains, the forest, and the sea render men savage; they develop the fierce, but yet do not destroy the human.”

Forests are important global resources that provide a wide range of environmental, economic and social benefits. They
provide a variety of valuable products, such as timber, fuelwood , fibre and other wood and non-wood forest products, and
contribute to the livelihoods of rural communities.
Forests are important for the survival of all living beings. They are vital for our life
as they provide oxygen, food, shelter, fuel, and means of livelihood for the tribal
people living in and around the forest area. Forests are home to 80% of the global
terrestrial biodiversity and are the source that fulfills all basic needs for adjacent
human settlements. Everything from the oxygen we breathe to the wood used from
fuel to use in construction comes from forests. It is a self-nourishing system, which
is a host to a number of organisms. The ecosystem of every forest includes both
biotic (living) and non-biotic components.
Indian forests perform an important role to
make a healthy environment and it reduce
air pollutions. Near about 19.26% of total
Indian areas are covered with forest.
Types of forest
1. Tropical evergreen forest – They are found in the Andaman and Nicobar island, Western ghats.
These are typical rain forests which grow in those areas where the annual rainfall exceeds 250 cm, the
annual temperature is about 25°-27°C the average annual humidity exceeds 77 per cent and the dry
season is distinctly short.
2. Dry tropical forest-Tropical dry forests are found between 10° and 25° latitude and are often
found north and south of the world’s tropical rainforests. Dry forests tend to exist in the drier
areas north and south of the tropical rainforest belt, south or north of the subtropical deserts,
generally in two bands: one between 10° and 20°N latitude and the other between 10° and
20°S latitude.

3. Montane temperate forest- This variety of forests grows at a height of 1800 to 3000 m above sea
level in areas where the mean annual rainfall is 150 cm to 300 cm, the mean annual temperature is
about 11 °C to 14°C and the average relative humidity is over 80 per cent.

4.Montane sub tropical forest - These types of forests mainly generated in the state of Assam, Nagaland etc.
these forests are found in the eastern Himalayas to the east of 88°E longitude at altitudes varying from 1000
to 2000 m where the mean annual rainfall is 75 cm to 125 cm, average annual temperature is 18°-21°C and
the average humidity is 80%.

5.Alpine forest - These grasslands start at an elevation of above 3000 m grow up to the region just below the
snowline. They are common in both the main Himalayan regions as well as the barren cold deserts of the Tran
Himalaya. Low alpine grasslands are common with the vegetation not growing higher than 1.5m.
Forest coverage in
India
India's total forest cover is 713,789 sq. km.
(21.71 percent of India's geographical area) Very dense forest
while the tree cover is estimated to be 95,748 Moderately dense
forest
sq. km Open forest

Tree density is the quantification of how closely the


trees are growing in a hectare area. It is not the exact
number of trees in the forest but, serves as an estimate
to the foresters.
India lost more than 1,600 sq km of natural forests
between 2019 and 2021 as more areas came under
plantation which experts argue is no substitute for
natural forests
Since 2011, India has continuously lost areas under
moderately dense forests, except for the short span of
time between 2017 and 2019.
Haryana had the lowest forest cover with respect to total geographical
area in India at 6.79 percent. Trailing closely behind was the state of
Punjab with 6.87 percent tree cover. Both Haryana and Punjab are
located in the northern part of India.
Current position of forests
• The report estimated that in less than 10 years, 45-64 percent
of India’s forest cover will be covered under climate change
hotspots and by 2050 it will extend to the entire Indian forest
cover.
• The Indian government has recently released its latest
national forest cover report which claims a marginal increase
in the country’s total forest and tree cover. It, however,
reveals that the biodiversity-rich forests of its northeastern
region are consistently recording a loss of forest cover since
2009.
• In January 2020, when the ISFR 2019 was released,
Mongabay-India had reported that the decline in forest area
in northeast India has been an ongoing trend with the region
witnessing a loss of about 3,199 sq. km. of forest area
between 2009-2019.
• A state of forest needs to as much about calculating forest lands and
trees as it should be about acknowledging that India’s forest cover is
a stressed asset. 
Reasons of declination of forests
Industrial impact Mining
Forest fires
Increasing population Urbanization

Effects of declination of Changing climate Wildlife


forest Extinction
Global warming Floods

Health
Soil erosion issues
• Regulated and Planned Cutting of
Trees
Measures of
• Control over Forest Fire
conservation • Reforestation and Afforestation
• Proper Utilization of Forest
Products and Forests
• Go paperless at home and in the
office
• Buy recycled products and then
recycle them again.
Bibliography
https://www.worldwildlife.org
https://www.indiawaterportal.org
https://byjus.com
THANK
YOU

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